From Henry VIII’s separation for the Roman Catholic Church to Mary I’s persecution of Protestants, Elizabethan England was a world rife with religious conflict. The budding Church of England struggled to take root in the hearts and minds of the people. Popular media of the era reflected this struggle. Many authors and playwrights sided with the Church of England satirizing Roman Catholic clergy and worshipers in their fiction; however, some of the period’s most enduring plays take a different approach. In Romeo and Juliet, Much Ado About Nothing, and Measure for Measure, William Shakespeare created multidimensional Franciscans who serve as wise and caring councilors, wisdom behind deceptions for the good of the protagonists, upholders of virtue, …show more content…
This play features Isabella a novice of St. Clare who is romantically pursued by Lord Angelo, Sister Fransisca, two friars, and the Duke who disguises himself as a friar. These Franciscans display the characteristics and highlight the importance of virtue and honor.
Isabella is the personification of virtue and honor. When her brother Claudio is imprisoned after impregnated his love Juliet, Angelo calls the novice to court. Angelo tells her she can save her brother’s life if she will give up her vow of chastity and sleep with him. Isabella refuses. She will not sacrifice her honor and virtue for her brother’s life. This angers Angelo, and he promises to execute Claudio and somehow haw Isabella (Shakespeare, Measure for Measure, 537).
Although not a true Friar, the while disguised as a Franciscan, the Duke in Measure for Measure shares the role of councilor while hearing confessions. In act 2 scene 3, Juliet comes to confess to the Friar Duke. She confesses that she and Claudio had consensual sex and that he should not be blamed in the matter. He brings he comfort and offers her repentance. Then, when the Duke speaks to Isabella and Claudio in Act 3.1, he praises Isabella for her virtue in resisting Angelo, and hears their problem. He has compassion on the siblings, and offers to help them with their problems (Shakespeare, Measure for Measure,
Friar tries to help Romeo and Juliet by marrying them even though it is prohibited by the prince. Juliet is supposed to be married to someone else, but is telling the Friar how frantic she is and if he doesn't help her, she will kill herself. Friar responds, “Holy Saint Francis, what a change is here”(89). Romeo and Juliet arranged with
An English student from Calvin College writes that, "Several themes that are only Catholic also can be incurred throughout his works. For example, Shakespeare, at times, used the word holy in the sacramental sense that Catholics used it. Characters in his plays showed devotion to various saints. They also blessed themselves with the sign of the cross. Shakespeare incorporated references to Purgatory into some of his plots… [His] upbringing certainly came into play in his familiarity of these subject." (Brydon). It is true that Shakespeare did have all of those references and signs of Catholicism in his plays, it should also be remembered that what a playwright instills in his characters does not necessarily reflect what he himself believes.
The Elizabethan drama was almost wholly secular; and while Shakespeare was writing he practically confined his view to the world of non-theological observation and thought, so that he represents it substantially in one and the same way whether the period of the story is pre-Christian or Christian (40).
How ironic that Claudio’s quick decision to shame Hero at the alter shows his extreme lack of honor and virtue. Rather than stand by his fiancée’s side, he chooses to believe a rumor and instantly disowns her.
In the end both the Friar and the Nurse are face with the loss of Romeo and Juliet. The two characters
The most pivotal scene in the play (act 4 scene 1) is between the marriage of Leonato's daughter Hero to Claudio. In this scene the blush of Hero after being said to have slept with another man is set too signify “guiltiness not of modesty” to Claudio. However the Friar of the town believes that Hero's blush is that of her “innocence and virtue.”
Isabella continues arguing with Angelo until he finally relents and tells her to come back the next day to hear his judgement. Everyone leaves, and Angelo speaks a rather striking soliloquy, apparently talking to himself ‘…what art thou Angelo? Dost thou desire her foully for those things that make her good?’. Thus, through Shakespeare’s staging, we learn that Angelo admits to himself that he is in love with Isabella because of her virtue and purity. Often characters in Shakespeare’s plays have soliloquies but they do not often refer to themselves in third person and when they do, it is often a sign of madness. Perhaps Shakespeare is suggesting this as a sign for Angelo. What is certain is that he is struggling with an inward battle between what he knows he should do and what he desires to do, as his develops and starts questioning the morality of his own character. It is with great irony that Isabella's call to Angelo to mark the weaknesses in his own heart is answered by Angelo's acknowledgement that he is tempted by Isabella. It is this temptation that brings from Angelo his first
The most significant aspect of Isabella's character is her desire to be a nun. This immediately establishes the importance of her chastity while at the same time aiding in characterizing the setting in Catholic Vienna. Her decision to enter into a convent is especially interesting considering the fact that Shakespeare's audience was predominantly Protestant. Reformation England abolished convents and monasteries and discontinued the practice of forcing celibacy on the clergy; however, there was still a certain reverence for the holiness of virginity. This respect for virginity was, to a certain extent, superficial. Elizabethans did not always make a distinction between chastity and virginity. Isabella's spiritual commitment to abstain from sex, her chastity, would be rendered false when there was an end to the physical state of virginity. Sleeping with Angelo, even under these unusual circumstances, would make her unsuitable for the convent. By diverging from his source materials and making Isabella a novice in a convent, Shakespeare further complicates Isabella's dilemma.
Claudio's sister Isabella is dragged out of the convent to plead for him, on the assumption that her superior virtue might move Angelo's heart to pardon her brother. Does it? No. Rather, it pierces right through Angelo's cold Puritanism and sets his heart and other bits on fire. We see through this carefully controlled man into the roaring pit that he has tried so hard to conceal. He falls a victim to the very passion he is prosecuting in Claudio; in doing so, he comes to represent the conflict between good and evil in Vienna as he struggles with the knowledge that he cannot control his own desires.
By researching the life and writings of William Shakespeare, it can be shown that many Christian values and beliefs are displayed through his literary works. In order to understand the religious content in Shakespeare's work it is helpful to first understand what the religious environment in England was like around Shakespeare's time. England, ever since it was ruled by the Romans, had been a Catholic nation. Before Shakespeare's lifetime, a drastic change occurred that completely upended the existing Catholicism of the English people. During King Henry VIII's reign, the English people were, for the most part, content with Catholicism. Through a series of very complex political maneuvers, Henry eventually seized power of the English
Her honor is disgraced for her “actions” and Claudio will no longer accept her as his wife because of the dishonor she has caused him.
Religion was a major factor in a number of Shakespeare’s plays. Religion motivated action and reasoning. In Shakespeare’s “The Merchant of Venice,” religion was more than a belief in a higher being; it reflected moral standards and ways of living. In the “Merchant of Venice,” “a Christian ethic of generosity, love, and risk-taking friendship is set in pointed contrast with a non-Christian ethic that is seen, from a Christian point of view, as grudging, resentful, and self-calculating.” (Bevington, pg. 74) Although Shakespeare writes this drama from a Christian point of view he illustrates religion by conflicts of the Old Testament and the New Testament in Venetian society and its court of law. These Testaments are tested through the
The nurse and Friar are sophisticated characters that act as parental figures within the prolix and truculent play. The timeless classic Romeo and Juliet (RJ) by William Shakespeare revolves around the notion of determinism, death, love and deception. Despite Romeo and Juliet having warring parents who pay little regard to them, the Nurse and Friar act as parental figures towards them who guide through vexed situations in their best interest, however, this only prolongs their declivity, with the Friar acting as a motif of death and the Nurse acting as a beacon of hope. By
(II.iv. 193-7) Isabel undoubtedly believes that Claudio is a loyal brother, and he would die twenty times before allowing her to give up her chastity. It seems she is right when she speaks with him in III.i. ; at first, he tells her that she won’t do it. However, he’s so desperate that he tells her, “Sweet sister, let me live.
“In roughly built playhouses and cobblestone inn yards, an extraordinary development took place in England in the 1500s.” (Yancey, 8). At that time, an opportunity combined to produce literature achievement never before witnessed in the history of drama and theater. The renaissance, helped spark this movement by inspiring scientific and artistic creativity throughout the land. Models began writing dramas that portrayed life in both realistic and imaginative ways. This created work later captured the attention of the world that changed the English drama. The many aspects of Elizabethan theater helped to shape the acting and theater world forever.