The Third of May
Francisco Goya
I chose to my report on Francisco Goya Third of May, 1808. This painting represents the French taking over Spain during the time Napoleon was in reign. This invasion was a two day process but the painting is about what happened on the third of May. “Napoleon chose to invade Spain because he wanted to out his brother, Joseph Bonaparte, in power in Spain to have an alliance with Spain to conquer Portugal” (Zappella, 2014). “The invasion was an ambush as the French told the Spanish they were just passing through, but events soon quickly changed when the intentions became clear” (Zappella, 2014). According to Christine Zappella, “on the third of May Spanish freedom fighters were rounded up and massacred by the French. Their Spanish blood ran through the streets of Madrid” (2014). “The artist was so profound by the evets, he recreated the uprising in his paintings” (Zappelle, 2014). The first painting Goya created was the Second of May, which is Leonardo’s Battle of Anghiari. In this painting he depicts mangled horses and bodies on the streets of France. The second painting he created was the Third of May. This painting
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The Spanish man are cornered by a hill behind them and French soldiers surrounding them. Christine described them as,
“…become mechanical or insect-like. They merge into one faceless, many-legged creature incapable of feeling human emotion.” (Zappella, 2014)
It seems as if nothing will stop their intentions from killing this innocent man. There is only one man really standing up straight with his stretched out, but a pile of dead bodies by his feet. On his right hand side, he has a few many whimpering for their lives and shielding themselves for protection. The city is to the left side of the man in the distances, with a dimming look to it. It almost is letting the viewers know thousands of lives were
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The painting The Third of May, by Francisco de Goya, was done to commemorate the events of that took place during the Napoleonic Wars in Madrid, Spain on May 2 and 3 1808. The painting sets the scene of a man about to be killed by a firing squad. The bodies of those who have already been killed are scattered around him, and those that wait to be killed stand in line behind him. The
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Goya made a series of etchings and paintings depicting the atrocities of both sides involved with the war. The most famous of these paintings are the two depicting the scenes from the second and third of May. The work focuses on the victims of the situation, which in this case are the Spanish citizens being executed. The work is not meant to be beautiful, but is instead supposed to be horrible in order to shock the viewer. Goya's purpose within the painting is less to blame the French, but instead to point out to people the "faceless and mechanical forces of war itself, blindly killing a representative of humanity"(Stokstad). He used the incident as an example of how horrible war is and what can happen when violence is instituted.
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Great insights went into the intricate composition of Francisco Goya’s painting The Third of May 1808, his painting utilizes the principles of art and design which displays all six principles: unity and variety; emphasis; balance; rhythm and movement; perspective; and proportion and scale. All six principles could also be identified and critically analyzed within his painting The Third of May 1808 which ultimately resulted in a whole cohesive composition.
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