Freezing Point Depression Lab

Procedure: Measure the volume, mass, length and temperature of a variety of items. Create dilution of sugar water.

To make the results of the experiment valid four variables to take into account are if the freezer is the same temperature for both tests, the water is the same water just different temperatures, the ice cube trays are the same size, and finally both trays are in the freezer for the same amount of time.

of sugar to 25ml of water and dissolve it. When we have the water at

Perform the following with three 0.05g samples of unknown and the following solvents: methanol, water and toluene

Procedure: Using distilled water, premeasured containers and objects determine displacement of fluids and density of objects. Use ice and heat measure temperatures in Celsius, Fahrenheit and Kelvin.

* By using the dropper and measuring cylinder, 7 ml sodium carbonate solution was added to the test tube

The freezing point constant (Kf) of water is 1.86 °C m-1. Each mass amount and Van’t Hoff factor was calculated then analyzed in a table.

In order to fulfil the labs purpose, the lab was split into two parts. The first part consisted of measuring and determining the freezing point depression of the solution water. The second part consisted of measuring and determining the freezing point depression of a solution that consisted of water and an unknown solute.

The freezing point depression constant for water that was experimentally determined in this analysis was 0.0479 °C/m, which was derived from the slope of the trend line in Figure 4. This is significantly lower than the constant stated in the literature of 1.86 °C/m.1 The freezing point temperature determined via cryoscopy should have been much lower in the high sucrose concentration solutions.

In this gummy bear lab, the goal was to see the movement of water in cells depending on the concentration of solutes in the environment. The control group was the type of water used. The research question for this experiment was, how does concentration of solute in the environment affect water movement in cells? The hypothesis thought of for this question was that the salt water would enlarge the gummy bear the most. The distilled water would not enlarge the gummy bear as much as the salt water.

The objectives in this laboratory were to be able to calculate the freezing point depression among three trials of unknowns, be able to correctly measure the freezing points of p-xylene, and to be able to calculate the molar masses of the unknowns by found freezing point depression values. This was done to be able to understand and apply a concept names supercooling. Supercooling is when a liquid is put far under its original freezing point and remains a liquid or gas. This happens when a substance is cooled so quickly that it’s easier for it to stay a liquid than to crystalize, until it reached its nucleation point and begins to heat up returning to its freezing point (image 4). The supercooling of p-xylene was observed in three

Purpose: The purpose of this laboratory was to gain an understanding of the differences between the freezing points of pure solvent to that of a solvent in a solution with a nonvolatile solute, and to compare the two.

It is suspected that the freezing point is 64.1oC. Due to the short temperature plateau, It is difficult to determine if the freezing point occurs at during the interval (6:00-6:10). However, it appears to be have been the most reasonable determination for freezing point in comparison to the rest of the plot.

As stated, our solvent in this lab will be tert-butanol. We start by recording the freezing point of this substance without anything added. Then, we add various

The flavoured, concentrate is transferred to a 12,000 litre storage tank, containing a chilled syrup solution. The tank is chilled to around 2°C.