Fresh Water In Hawaii

     Heavy metals, such as copper, lead, mercury, and selenium are another group of toxins that pollute the water as well as the rest of the environment. The source of many of these pollutants are industries, automobile exhaust, mines, and even natural soil.

There are three main mechanisms by which the chemical composition of groundwater, which is our natural source of drinking water, may be changed: by natural processes, by man's waste-disposal practices such as those for sanitary wastes, liquid industrial wastes, solid wastes, and radioactive wastes, and by spills, leaks, and agricultural activities and other sources unrelated to disposal. The degree of risk posed by contaminants varies according to many factors. These include the volume and toxicity of the contaminant, its concentration in the aquifer, its persistence in the environment, and the degree of human and environmental exposure to the contaminant. In addition, the number of persons affected, or likely to be affected, over time and the percentage of available groundwater both locally and regionally should be taken into consideration. If the contaminants in the groundwater exceed the standards set for drinking water by the federal government, for example, then the water is hazardous for the use for which it was designated under the standards. These standards include, however, only a limited number of chemicals, and thus they do not necessarily protect humans or the environment against either the short-term or the long-term effects of every contaminant that might be found in

A month later, tests performed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) showed that excessive rates of lead were present in the water supply, rates that far exceeded the EPA’s limit (CNN, 2017). Another test in March indicated even higher levels of lead. A switch back to the DWSD was proposed and denied following the second test. A lawsuit was also filed against the city claiming the water to be a health risk, but the case was dismissed.

In the academic journal written by Ronald A. MacGillivray the purpose was to find out information about the Delaware River and how polluted it is. The research was done over a four-year period to find out if lethal toxins were coming out of tributaries (MacGillivrary et al., 2011). The research was done by a sampling procedure. The researchers would go out into the field and collect samples on a weekly basis depending on the weather to see how the toxic levels in the river were from 16 different locations (MacGillivrary et al., 2011). At the end of the four years that the research was taken the results were conclusive that the tributaries that led into the Delaware River were found to be at normal toxic water level rates (MacGillivrary et al., 2011). The pollution levels found were normal with a few exceptions depending on the water content of the day (MacGillivrary et al., 2011).

River water near the spill showed elevated levels of lead and thallium, Mercury and arsenic cadmium and lead exceeding Clean Water Act standards designed to protect aquatic life as well as humans who come in contact with the water. Which can cause birth defects and nervous and reproductive system disorders?

Let’s start out with the pollutants in this water. There was a surprising amount of pollution found downriver of Sioux Falls, the largest city in South Dakota. It makes sense that more pollutants would be coming from more heavily populated areas, but it doesn’t change the fact that it is harming all those around it. It is thought that a lot of this pollution is coming from the city waste

The earliest people believed to come to the Hawaiian Islands were Polynesians from the Marquesas and they came between 500 and 750 A.D. Later, in 1000 A. D., the Tahiti came. The Tahiti brought over the belief in gods and social hierarchy, resulting in the hawaiian people following a Kapu system. In `1778, James cook, the first westerner to reach the Hawaiian Islands, paved the way for other explorers to come. James cook name the Islands the “Sandwich Islands” so show gratitude for the Earl of Sandwich. Cook dies a year later because of Hawaiian conflicts on Kealakekua Bay. In 1795, King Kamehameha led a campaign through the Hawaiian Islands, capturing and uniting all the islands under his monarchy in 1810. During his conquest, many ships anchored

The local area is City of Lake County is acceptable to many Floridians the state’s with fourth largest lake known for bass fishery with many lake beaches for recreational interests such as swimming, boating, and water skiing. The government established the Safe Drinking Water Act of 1986. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is required to set standards for drinking water quality as well of oversee all states, localities, and water suppliers who implement these standards. Lake County Florida there is many homes that rely on city ground water while others may have a well system in place. Contamination have impacted to the lakes over many decades led the lake to be

Before water is allowed to run into home pipelines, it has to go through several steps, and they are: physical, chemical, biological, and radiological because any tap water from source systems can be contaminated. The Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974 describes contaminants as “Some drinking water contaminants may be harmful if consumed at certain levels in drinking water while others may be harmless” (Health reference series) . The Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) is defined as the federal law that protects public drinking water supplies throughout the nation. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is what sets the regulations for what goes into the water for better quality. In other words, people need to know where their water comes from and whether or not it is safe to drink. The EPA tests the water to check if the sodium hypochlorite, calcium, magnesium, and pH level is equivalent to the federal rule of drinking water. For instance, if those methods of treating the water is not handled properly, the water could be corrosive and could damage the water pipes with lead or copper, which would end up in the drinking water and would not be safe for human consumption. The Flint water department did not properly treat its water when the switch from Lake Huron to the Flint River

Early reports indicate that some local residents had yellow water; the lead-leased water had impacted some resident’s health as well. One report indicated that the tap water of one home was so toxic, that it would be considered hazardous waste.

The Great Lakes, though fairly clean, are contaminated with some deadly chemicals that have slipped by human filtration into the lakes. These emerging chemicals have been determined to pose some health risk to humans and surrounding ecosystems and are used by society, but are unregulated or inadequately regulated retardants (Miller-Branovacki, Lindsay, "Water Resources and Urban Waste Water (Week #8)"). More specifically an emerging contaminant is one which is not historically widely distributed, nor a concern, however are now persistent and bioaccumulative making them a concern for the environment. The three major categories for emerging contaminants are; endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), Pharmaceutical and personal care

The contaminated water has protozoan-a microscopic organism, oocyst-is a parasite protozoan like malaria, viruses, and bacteria. Illnesses such as West Nile and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever have also been reported from poor run off conditions. (Gaffield & Jackson, 2003) As stated in the American Journal of Public Health, "Approximately 99 million people in the United States have acute gastrointestinal illnesses each year, at a cost of billions of dollars, and 6% to 40% of these illnesses may be caused by contaminated drinking water.". Another problem found in contaminated drinking water is Nitrogen. High amounts of nitrogen can bring the risk of Methemoglobinemia-is an oxidized hemoglobin that can not send oxygen to the tissues of the body, the symptoms include shortness of breathe and blueness of skin. It has also been linked to and increase in miscarriages. Copper, Zinc, and Lead, which also have ill effects on humans, can be found in mostly urban areas with so exceptions. These are just a few of the contaminates that are caused by uncontrolled storm water run off. (Gaffield & Jackson,

Everyday pesticides are dumped into our environment. Over time most of the pesticides make thier way to a source of water, whether it's groundwater or a body of water. According to Lewis Regenstein author of "America the Poisoned" two thirds of the nation's lakes have serious pollution problems. 80% of 3,700 urban lakes in the United States are destroyed. More than 94 million residents could use these lakes for recreational use or for a source of water (169). Cincinnati's drinking water contains about 700 chemicals. 90% of them did not exist 20 years ago. The main sources of most of these chemical pollutants are municipal sewage, industrial discharges, and runoffs from farming areas. There are also several other chemicals in America's drinking water. Although hazardous, there are approximately 60 chemicals that are mixed into water in the process of treating it. Unlike rivers or lakes, underground supplies are not processed at treatment plants before being used by humans. "More than one hundred million of our citizens depend in a whole or in part on underground as sources of drinking water (Beck qtd. in Regenstein 172). Once groundwater becomes contaminated, there is usually no way to clean it.

The purpose of this report is to propose a solution to the problem of reduced drinking water quality due to chemical pollution. Some bodies of water in the United States are becoming polluted from chemicals and restrictions are needed to protect drinking water quality.

The specific contaminants leading to pollution in water include a wide spectrum of chemicals, pathogens, and physical or sensory changes such as elevated temperature and discoloration. While many of the chemicals and substances that are regulated may be naturally occurring (calcium, sodium, iron, manganese,