Frontal Impact Analysis

Background and Audience Relevance: According to National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, in 2015, about thirty-five hundred people were killed, and four hundred thousand were injured in car crashes.

Crossing the median can have deadly consequences, as the above accident demonstrates. When one vehicle crosses into the wrong lane, it is likely to hit another vehicle head on. Head-on collisions account for only two percent of car accidents but head-on collisions result in ten percent of fatalities from traffic accidents. One reason a head-on collision is deadly is it is as if the driver’s vehicle ran into a brick wall because both vehicles are moving forward at time of the impact. This increases the severity of the collision. Even at low speeds, a head-on collision can be deadly.

In multiple studies, researchers have found that forty-one percent of people fatally injured in traffic

For a crash to be catastrophic different factors need to be applied. The first is kinetic energy, if two cars crashed and they both were going at high speeds their kinetic energy would be very high causing the accident to be catastrophic. Also if the drivers were not wearing any seatbelts there would be no inertia stopping them. The last law is gravity, if a small car was driving at normal speed and crashed against another car the injury would be minor because the kinetic energy is not high and the masses either.

Ask any driver who spends hours on the road each day driving a big rig, how safe the roads are and you are likely to get an ear full of the close calls they have had while driving. Driving a large eighteen-wheeler with a load on the back can be dangerous on its own. Add in some crazy drivers, obstacles in the road, and sketchy streets and you have a much more dangerous situation. With advancement in technology within the trucking industry, truckers can now feel safer than ever. It also doesn’t hurt that these improvements can help keep trucking insurance lower. Here are 4

Wouldn't you think that most car crash deaths would happen to the driver? Not really, most deaths by crashes happen to the passenger. In most cases the driver looks up as the crash is occurring so they don't have much time to stop or break the car. The driver is not aware of their surroundings so often they don't know where the cars around them are.

Even an experienced commercial or owner operator truck driver who has sound judgment can make rookie mistakes that may cause a rollover when he's fatigued, distracted, impatient, rushed, or angry. These emotional, mental, or physical states make him vulnerable to these four common truck rollover scenarios:

Fatal motor vehicle accidents were the number one cause of death for 15-24 year olds in 2011 with a total deaths of 6,926 people. In the same year a total of 33,783 people of all ages died as a result of motor vehicle accidents.

Car mishaps are the leading cause of death for teens. It has become a huge factor affecting both the driver and passengers.

The traction control and stability control systems have also been invented in the lab. Traction control was created in 1985 and like the ABS, didn't make it to the states for a few years. This system works by taking away the power from the wheels when they start to spin. This allows the wheels to make a more solid contact with the road to help the driver better control the vehicle upon takeoff. Similar to traction control, but created ten years later in 1995 by Bosh is the electronic stability control or also known as ESC. Unlike traction control, ESC is used while the vehicle is driving down

There is nothing scarier than a commercial truck whose brake has failed, veering towards you. The dangers they pose are innumerable, as the truck drivers lose control of the truck, and are only left with hope to remedy the situation. It is sad when commercial truck brake failures cause accidents because brake failures can be avoided if proper maintenance is adhered to, and the trucks are driven by trained drivers. A frightening fact about this is the frequency with which it occurs; the Department of Transportation sponsored a study that revealed that the percentage of commercial truck accident caused by brake failure is about 29.4%. This figure represents a percentage of commercial truck accident that could have been

Along with accidents not only comes a little headache or a broken bone, but injuries that stay with you forever such as whiplash and brain damage. Most brain damage incidents occur when you are involved in a side impact collision and the side of your head hits the glass (brain injury). Side impact airbags are just one of the many ways in which this type of life threatening injury can be avoided (whiplash). There is also whiplash, which hurls your head violently, and usually results in long term disability. Since whiplash is so hard to avoid, it can only be avoided by reducing the number of accidents on the streets. Also one of the most painful and most traumatizing injuries that we encounter in accidents are bone fractures, which occur in 65% of all accidents (Bush 11). So in turn by making these cars safer we can all avoid these painful, traumatizing, life-threatening injuries.

Car accidents can happen to drivers anytime, anywhere. "According to the National Safety Council, which stated that more than 2.5 million collisions back every year, making it the most common type of car accidents, it is also known that the accident rear end as incidents of injury, because the nature of the collision leads often in whiplash injury the driver in the car in front and about 20% of people who participated in a rear collision injury symptoms of this kind. ", (NHTSA, auto-accident-resource.com). Among the car accidents, the teenage group is the only age group who is number of deaths is increasing instead of decreasing. Also, all the people are exposed to risk and actually every one of them has got car

ESC systems sense parameters such as yaw rate, steering wheel angle and lateral acceleration in order to detect differences between the intended and actual path of the vehicle. The system is then linked to the ABS and engine management system in order to differentially apply the brakes and/or reduce the engine power to individual wheels, thus generating yaw moments to correct the vehicles path. These systems are known by a variety of other proprietary names such as Vehicle Dynamic Controller (VDC) and Vehicle Stability Control (VSC) but are referred to generically as ESC in this report. Market penetration of ESC systems was estimated at 27% in Europe in 2002, and is expected to reach 50% in Europe by 2007 (Reed Electronics Research, 2003). Previous research indicates that ESC significantly reduced instability in test manoeuvres where substantial instability was encountered. It also suggests that ESC does not influence vehicle behaviour when a driver attempts to operate outside the physical limits of the vehicle. No significant disbenefits of ESC systems were found, and clear evidence of positive influence on safety and accident reduction was cited (Grover & Knight, 2005). ESC is also now “strongly recommended” to all consumers by the EuroNCAP organisation (EuroNCAP, 2005). It is suggested that ESC must work to constrain vehicle behaviour to that expected by normal human driving behaviour. It does this either by producing similar

Whiplash is one of the most common types of auto accident injuries. In fact, it is estimated that one in 200 people suffer whiplash each year.