Fruit Fly Experiment

This may have been the cause of the low numbers of white lozenge in the F2 generation of flies. However, the cause of white eyes is a defective red pigment gene and should not affect the vision of the flies, whereas the lozenge gene should have a greater affect due to it causing the malformation of the fly's eyes. Therefore the lozenge flies should have also been in lower than expected numbers, but it was found that they were actually in higher than expected numbers making the validity of this argument questionable.

Drosophila melanogaster is a small, common fly found near unripe and rotted fruit. It has been in use for over a century to study genetics. Thomas Hunt Morgan was the best biologist studying Drosophila early in the 1900’s. Morgan was the first to discover sex-linkage and genetic recombination, which placed the small fly in the forefront of genetic research. Scientists have used Drosophila for many reasons. For one they are very easy to maintain, breed, anesthetize, and kill with little equipment. They are also very small and it is easy to distinguish males vs females and sexually mature flies and virgins. At lastly, the flies have a very short two week life span. On days 2-7 of their life

With the presence of natural selection (fly paper hanging from top of cage) posing a larger threat to the wild flies b/c they can fly better, this will allow vestigial flies to prosper better.

In our experiment, we created three crosses; DxG,BxD, and BxG. In crosses BxG and BxD we found a rare mutant fly. This unusual mutant had a misshapen abdomen, deformed wings, and was pale in color. While the mutant was rare, due to the fact that it popped up in both those populations, we hypothesized that this genetic mutant had already previously been discovered and named.

The expected number of wild type flies in the F2 generation is 734.25 and the expected number of shaven bristle flies in the F2 generation is 244.75. This, again, exhibits a 3:1 ratio of normal phenotype to affected phenotype.

Describe the sex and phenotype of the mutant fly. Describe the phenotype as it compares to the wild type.

11. The progeny of a Drosophila female (heterozygous at three loci: y, ct, and w) crossed to a wild type male are listed below:

We will use Punnett Squares to find out the genotype and phenotype in the offspring of the fruit flies. Our experimental hypothesis of this experiment is that the genes of the fruit flies are linked, where the body color of the fruit fly is dark (b) recessive or light (B) dominant and type of wing, normal wings (W) dominant and abnormal wings (w) recessive is linked. The null hypothesis is that there will be an unlinked ratio for the phenotypes if the loci was

The purpose of this lab is to determine the genotypes of the flies and the random chance involved in inheritance along with the effect of genetic recombination on inheritance. Drosophila melanogaster, the common fruit fly, is commonly used for genetic studies because of its minimal inherited traits, quick life cycle, and fast reproductive rate. Punnett squares were used to predict the allele composition of the offspring resulting from P and F1 crosses. The two genes observed in the lab were eye color and body color. The parental cross was between a female with a yellow body and white eyes crossed with a male with a grey body and red eyes.

METHODS: In this experiment, the instructor provided us with 30 ebony individuals and 20 wild type individuals. In order to get an exact amount of each type, we anesthetized the flies and counted them off by gently using a fine point paint brush. Then all 50 Drosophila were put into a population cage which had a lid that had six holes for the centrifuge tubes. Two food tubes and four clean, empty tubes were added on the first day. Each food tube consisted of half a cup full of food mixed with 6-7 milliliters of water. This was the fly medium. The food should turn blue once the water is added. Each tube was labeled with a number and with the date. Every two to three days we added one more food tube until all 6 tubes contained the fly medium. After all 6 tubes were filled, the following days after we exchanged the first food tube with a new food tube. At the end of the experiment, we fed the flies with a total of 8 food tubes. Then the flies were anesthetized, again. At the end of this four week lab, the number of living ebony and wild

we said goodbye and placed them in the fly morgue. We allowed the F2 larval

A male fly has bristles on its forelegs called sex combs. The abdomen of a male fly is also blunted and darker at the end. Male flies are also smaller than female flies. Female flies do not have sex combs. Their abdomens are longer with stipes and are pointed.

On the basis of his first experiment, Muller’s started his second experiment soon. This time, he used another type of genetic marker because some people suspected that there was coincidence in his first experiment. Muller used a group of X-lined genes, CIB genes, that were lethal to male Drosophila to conduct his second experiment. Meanwhile, Muller used X-rays to irradiate anther group of fruit flies. He then bred a generation of fruit flies.

In most kitchens the small flies that are found are Drosophila Melanogaster also called fruit fly. They are often brought in by ripened tomatoes, grapes and other perishable items from the garden. Drosophila melanogaster is a little two winged insect about 3mm long two winged insect that belongs to the Diptera, the order of the flies. The drosophila egg is about half a millimeter long. Fertilization takes about one day the embryo to develop and hatch into a worm-like larva. The larva eats and grows continuously, after two days as a third in star larva; it moults one more time to form an immobile pupa. Over the next four days, the body is completely remodeled to give the adult winged form, which then hatches from the pupal

This experiment looks at the relationship between genes, generations of a population and if genes are carried from one generation to another. By studying Drosophila melanogaster, starting with a parent group we crossed a variety of flies and observe the characteristics of the F1 generation. We then concluded that sex-linked genes and autosomal genes could indeed be traced through from the parent generation to the F1 generation.