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Fuel Consumption Reduction Of Automobile Development

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1.1 INTRODUCTION
Not only to save energy but also to protect the global environment, fuel consumption reduction is main concern of automobile development. In development of vehicle body, it is essential to reduce drag for improving fuel consumption and driving performance. An aerodynamically purified body is not only aesthetically attractive but also it will help much to increase the vehicles appeal to the customer [1].
If a body of arbitrary shape, immerged in a large stationary mass of fluid is moved with constant velocity through the fluid, the body exerts a force to the fluid, which opposes the motion of the body [4]. Also the fluid exerts a force to the body as every action have equal and opposite direction. The force exerts on the body or the fluid results from the relative motion between the emerged body and its surroundings fluid. As such it makes no difference in the magnitude of the force whether the body through the stationary fluid or the fluid flows about the immerged body which is at rest [5]. In general, vehicles are known to be aerodynamically insufficient compare to other ground vehicles due to their large frontal areas and bluff-body shapes. The insufficient aerodynamic shape results in excessive drag which leads to elevated fuel consumption rate [3]. A streamlined shape of vehicle is very important in reducing fuel demand by up to 7%. Vehicles with an aerodynamic shape use less fuel. Air flows easily over them and less energy is needed to

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