Gallipoli Campaign

How they got up fully armed and equipped over the rough scrub- clad hillside one can hardly imagine!” “A panoramic photograph of the Anzac area behind the beach, 1919” This was a major disadvantage to the Anzacs as they weren’t aware about the beach, they were significantly down in numbers, no one knew how to do an amphibious assault they just rowed to shore prepared for modern warfare: just ran against a machine gun, men shooting with bolt action rifles and pistols .The second source shows an image of the steep hill on the beach.

The Western Front, while the main focus of combat in WW1, many Australians ignore this part of the war, as they focus more on the Gallipoli campaign and its legend. However with the centenary of the First World War here, many people have begun to realise that Australia was involved in other theatres of the war, and not just Gallipoli. The focus of this essay will be on the Events leading up to Australia’s involvement, the weapons of the western front, life in the trenches, trench warfare, The Battle of Fromelles and the End of the war.

Additionally, the Australians began to commemorate the events that occurred in Gallipoli. The pride in the Australian soldiers was strengthened due to the Australian troops fighting on the Western Front. Commemorations to show reverence continues to be held for the 63 163 Australians who were killed in the war and also for the surviving soldiers. Today and in the future, there needs to be a shared focus on both the Gallipoli and Western Front campaigns in these commemorations as the Australian soldiers who fought dauntlessly, endured the hardships and sacrificed themselves had a vital role to play in the victory of the Allies in the war and the freedom of Australia

The affair I will discussing today is To what admeasurement did the Gallipoli landing bulge in annual of Australia's captivation in www 1 . With trenches getting forgot of the acquaintance and the abridgement of absorption they deserve

The meaning of the Anzac legend has changed overtime as it has been disputed and altered with the way people interpret the different events of World War One. This has become specifically apparent in recent years due to the 100 year anniversary of the Gallipoli landing with many debating whether Gallipoli was the most significant event in world war one. During world war one there were many battels on the western front that are if not more significant than the Gallipoli campaign, such as the battle of Hemel’s that in addition to Gallipolis bravery and sacrifice there was superb Australian military planning, perfect execution and great successes. 2 The landing at Gallipoli is by far the most celebrated aspect of Australia’s campaign in the First World War with many Australians even tying their national identity to the campaign though in comparison to numerous battels on the western front it was a minor failed campaign.

The landing of the troops for the Gallipoli Campaign was a disaster. This was completely ineffective and cost many ANZAC lives. The original landing locations, such as ANZAC cove were thin strips of beach, with minimal room for the soldiers. Additionally steep cliffs backed the beach which made it extremely difficult to fight the defending Turks, who were located

In 1914, long-term tensions between European powers sparked a detrimental global conflict known as World War 1. During this time, Australia held a strong alliance with Britain, which meant that when Britain declared war, Australia willingly backed its mother country “to the last man and the last shilling” (Fisher, 1914). The Gallipoli campaign was one of many battles, yet its effect on Australia was most significant. The primary goal was to capture the Dardanelles, allowing supplies to be shipped to Russian troops in Germany (Darlington et al, 2012, p.236). After the initial attempt by naval attack failed, another attack was planned. In 1915, 78 000 ANZAC soldiers landed on the shores of Gallipoli possessing unique qualities. Even though this campaign was considered a military failure, an inspiring legacy was born. Through establishing these undeniable qualities of courage, sacrifice, mateship and endurance, and comparing them to the legend, it is evident that the ANZAC legend is an accurate portrayal of the Australian soldiers during World War 1.

Nevertheless, the Australians pledged around 420,000 people to the Great war with around half of them becoming casualties. The Australians were a dominant force in WWI, specifically in the Western Front with over 290,000 people fighting in the Western Front at one point in their military involvement. This secondary source shows the grave at Polygon Wood, Polygon Wood was a military campaign in the Third Battle of Ypres. The British and Australian Campaign was of devastating effect with over 20,000 casualties and no ground was actually taken in the calamitous campaign. Thousands lost their lives and this source demonstrates the gravity of Australia’s actions and the sheer numbers and effort that Australia poured into a War that they would have no benefit from. Australians not only pledged time on the Western Front but many lost their lives, Australia not only contributed with the thousands of lives that they sacrificed for the greater good but also for saving lives of millions that they did not

The ANZAC spirit was born on the twenty-fifth of April 1915, on this day Australian soldiers landed upon the shores of Gallipoli to serve their country for the first time in war. Each year Australians celebrate the mateship, courage and heroism the ANZAC soldiers showed on that day. Although, people tend to depict these soldiers as victims of a catastrophic trauma, yet this passionate sacrifice is what gave Australia its name. Furthermore, there is word of discussion about the truth behind the accuracy of the ANZAC legend. Evidence demonstrates that the ANZAC legend is an accurate portrayal of what occurred the day the ANZAC’S landed in Gallipoli. The legend of mateship, heroism, courage and bravery is an accurate representation of the fighting Australian and New Zealand soldiers in world war one.

Yet, the amount of emphasis that is placed on the Anzac legend could be argued to be incorrectly placed and channelled by certain groups for their own gain. This essay will argue that the Anzac legacy of the Australians being the perfect soldier is highly embellished and are no more remarkable than any other soldier. Furthermore the importance and Australia’s involvement in the First World War has been grossly inflated. Additionally, this will analyse claims made by historians and other academics about how the Anzac legend has changed overtime, and Australia’s involvement in wars.

Can you imagine that you are in a boat with 30 other souls, hearing the machine gun fire raining down on you as you exit the boat. Fellow mates and other Anzac are falling to the ground, out of the first 200 men who landed at Gallipoli only, 21 of them survived. These numbers just show how much courage and bravery those men had for running across the beaches of Gallipoli. They love their country, family and

The Gallipoli campaign was described as the baptism of the newly federated Australia, and a chance for Australian soldiers to prove themselves to the world. They were not ultimately victorious, but the soldiers came to represent the character traits of the new country: fit and healthy, duty bound and courageous, good humored and egalitarian. The ANZAC image allowed Australians to both demonstrate loyalty to Britain, and claim an identity of their own. There is much to challenge the factual accuracy of the ANZAC image.

Astoundingly, 7 of the 9 Victoria Crosses were awarded during the Battle of Lone Pine, and the battle had succeeded its tactical objectives, despite the "hellish" conditions and the fact that over 2200 men died. Many commanders as well as the press in Australia perceived Lone Pine as "one of the greatest victories on the peninsula" and "a fine display of Australian gallantry" (Crawley, 2012). Bean rated it as one of the four great achievements of the AIF. He was right but so were the Turks when they called it Kanli Sirt - Bloody Ridge. Accounts in various entries testify to the ferocity of the action."No place on the Gallipoli Peninsula was more fiercely contested than these few acres...known as Lone Pine," read Prime Minister Robert Hawke's

New weapons and defensive techniques were implemented here, a huge turning point for battle tactics and causes of death for the remainder of WW1. Hazardous gases were used alongside new machinery such as military tanks to form a stronger defensive stance, and although trenches were used in Gallipoli warfare, they became increasingly more popular in attacking techniques at the Western Front. The major Battle of Fromelles was also a great struggle for Australian soldiers as their enemies held higher grounds where possible, and there was little experience in working the artillery fire as it was the first ever battle for the AIF (Australian Imperial Force). Additionally, the Australian troops were placed majoritively on the front line at all times by the British. This accounted for the large number of losses and sacrifices of the ANZACs at the Western Front battles compared to the soldiers of other nations who also fought alongside the British. A quote from Lieutenant Hugh Knyvett, 59th Battalion, 15th Brigade (1916) expressed the great hardships that the soldiers were soon to face on the Western Front, unprepared and inexperienced. Knyvett is a credible source as he was one of the soldiers who fought on the Western Front, and was a Lieutenant during these battles. Knyvett says: “We had not been two days in the trenches before we knew that we were destined for an attack on the trenches opposite and we had not had time even to know the way about our own lines” (Wilkinson 2011). In addition, a letter sent home by John Alexander Raws, a credible SA Soldier who also took part in WW1 (1916) furthermore displays what hardships presented itself on the Western

Planned as a diversion for the attempts to capture Hill 971 and Chunuk Bair, the assault on Lone Pine produced some of the harshest fighting of the Gallipoli campaign. Here, men of the 1st Brigade won seven Victoria Crosses.