Introduction: Using the analytical methods of Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry, in order to determine the composition of a mixture and its individual pure compounds. This is done by analyzing the mixture of compounds using Gas Chromatography and the individual pure compounds by using Mass Spectrometry. Experimental Procedure: Obtain a screw cap and vial which will be ran in the Gas Chromatograph. Fill vial no more than half full of pre prepared unknown compound which is dissolved in either ethanol or acetone. Place vial in Gas Chromatograph and follow the instruction in order to analyze unknown compound. Print out a copy of the results from the Gas Chromatograph. Obtain a mass spectrum for the unknown component in the liquid sample. Data and …show more content…
The first peak at 5.82 minutes represents the solute and the second peak at 6.04 minutes represents the solvent. It is heterogeneous since the results show more than one component in the original liquid sample. The conclusion is that the solvent was ethanol. This was because the second peak which was a retention time of 6.04 minutes matches the standard for ethanol which is also 6.04 minutes. Mass Spectrometry Results: Observation: There is a pair of high masses values which peak at 78 m/z at an intensity of 1.5 and 80 m/z at an intensity of 0.5. Conclusion: The pair of peaks can be used to determine that the parent ion is Chlorine. First, the ratio between Chlorine 35 and Chlorine 37 is 100 to 32.5 respectively which matches the 3:1 ratio which is presented by the two peaks. In addition, when doing mass subtraction for each peak, (78-35 and 80-37) it results in the same mass of 43 amu. This matching mass shows that chlorine is the parent ion because the highest peak is 43
The objective of this lab was first to convert the mass of a compound to the number of moles and number of molecules and then determine the concentration of salt and its component. The first thing we did was get the mass of an empty container by using a scale and it came out to be 16.87g. Next thing we did was pick a substance which in this case it was Potassium Chloride and placed it on the scale to get a total mass of 31.20g. The container the Potassium Chloride was in only had a mass of 16.87g which means that the mass of the substance was 14.33g. To convert the mass to the number of moles we took the amount of the substance 14.33g and divided it by the mass of Potassium Chloride 74.55g and figured out that the number of moles was 0.192.
Using elemental analysis to determine the percent mass composition of each element in a compound is the first step in creating an empirical formula. There are many different types of elemental analysis, but in this experiment gravitational analysis and Beer’s Law are used. Elemental analysis is first used to find the moles of each element, then converted to mass, and then the percent mass of the element in the product is found (2).
C. Pour about one quarter of the first unknown packet into the first cup and add
To start this experiment, set up the gas collecting apparatus. To start Part A, add approximately 15mL of distilled water to the test tube and record the temperature. Use about half of an Alka-Seltzer® tablet and record the mass. Close the test tube with the stopper with the tubing and tilt the test tube so the water and tablet react. When the reaction is finished, record the volume of CO2 recovered by lining the meniscus of the graduated cylinder up with the water level.
Figure 2: Gas Chromatography analysis from the first sample. From top to bottom the peaks are ordered as followed: 3-methylcyclohexanol (A), 1-methylcyclohexanol (B), and 2-methylcyclohexanol
We then proceeded in testing for excess Ca2+ by adding two drops of .5 M K2C2O4 to test tube two and attentively observed to see if a precipitate formed, which it did. This meant that Ca2+ was in excess and C2O42- was the limiting reactant in the original salt mixture. We then cleaned up. Upon returning to our next class, we took the filter paper, with the precipitate on it, and took its mass.
The primary goal of this laboratory is to correctly identify an unknown substance. To achieve this task, one may use various tests that reveal both chemical and physical properties of a substance. By comparing the results of a known substance and the unknown substance, one may eliminate alternative possibilities and more accurately predict the undisclosed compound. Furthermore, by performing these tests, data can be collected and verified regarding chemical and physical properties of the unknown. Understanding the chemical properties of a known substance aids one’s understanding of the unknown based on comparative analysis of the results of the tests.
Perform the following with three 0.05g samples of unknown and the following solvents: methanol, water and toluene
I came to the conclusion that they should appear (Cl, Br, I) from top to bottom respectively. Based on the previous information regarding mass increases as you go down the periodic table I was able to come to this conclusion. I observed that Cl had the least color concentration, then Br, then I had the most. The greater the color concentration, the greater the mass. This observed data let me come to my conclusion.
Copied the observations table in our notebook. Then recorded the mass of the beaker using the balance and wrote down the measured mass in the observation
8. In order confidently determine what substance my “G9R” was I would have to do over the boiling point experiment a couple of more times. I would turn the gas off and take the Bunsen burner away from the apparatus when the stream of bubbles started coming out from the mouth of the capillary tube. This would allow me to correctly determine when the atmospheric pressure was equal to the vapour pressure.
GC-MS is an analytical method that separates mixtures into individual components and uses mass spectrometry to identify each component by specific properties. (1) The instrument used for this experiment was a Thermoscientific- Trace 1310 GC-MS. After analyzing the mass spectrums for the major peaks the components were determined to either be aromatic compounds or cycloalkanes. The gas
Analysis: In this experiment, every substance tested positive for at least 1 organic compound. Corn oil tested positive for lipids. Honey and oats tested positive for starch. Honey, apple juice, and unknown 1 tested positive for sugar. Egg white, gelatin, and unknown 2 all tested positive for proteins. So, not a single substance didn't test positive for at least 1 organic compound. All the indicators used in this experiment change color when in the presence of a compound; therefore, they chemically react with the compound. No errors were made during this experiment
Next, I observed my Proton NMR which had only one peak. The multiplicity is six. Therefore, I have six hydrogens. Using this information, I was able to conclude that my unknown is
Spectrophotometry is a routine laboratory test that has the added advantage of being able to