Gas Utilization Of Oil And Gas Technologies

soon the process was utilized on thousands of gas wells across the US (“The History”).

Mother Nature gave us natural resources to patronize and natural gas is one of them. Small quantities of ethane, propane, butane and pentane are found in the natural gas composition but it is mostly made up of methane. The high volume of pipeline gas makes it difficult for it to be transported in its gaseous form. This is the reason why the oil industry is dominating because of how easy it can be transported. Pipelines are suitable for transporting pipeline natural gas but constructing the suitable infrastructure is very expensive and not technically feasible for global transportation.1 In addition, for you to be able to make it in the gas industry you need trading partners to buy your natural gas. Having said that, one can deduce that the only way to make a

Some stakeholders in the Northern Gateway Project would counter with defending the Enbridge as they plan on using thicker pipe and horizontal drilling to bore beneath 30 rivers, instead of passing through them. Though they are changing their pipe sizes and thickness, this new material is being used for the first time and could potentially become a disaster if the pipe breaks and leaves over the ocean, rivers and/or environments. (5)

W hy does everyone care so much about natural gas? Why is it such an essential part of modern culture? Sure, it's an exciting and up and coming technology, which is fuel for the technological generation that we've grown up in, but we need to take a closer look to see the methods and impacts that could affect generations after us.

A presumption we used was a diameter for each of the parallel pipelines, amongst pipeline AB, pipeline BC, and pipeline CD. We settled for a diameter of 0.3 m for all circumstances and executed the energy equation between the respective locations, to confirm whether the calculated discharge was agreeable. The discharge was acceptable in each of the three circumstances. In the event that it was unacceptable, another diameter was required to be chosen and the energy equation would need to be recalculated.

The Industrial Revolution created a society and energy consumption based on coal. However, in a more traditional society, natural gas has been obtained through oil drilling. While

The first pipelines were nothing special; they were short and sometimes made of wood. With their growing popularity into the 1860s, the quality control followed over the pipe manufacturing, switching from wrought iron to steal. (Pipeline 101, n.d.) Coming into the twenty-first century, the pipeline has still been playing a key role in the oil industry. Given, its importance to the oil industry it is important to understand how

to Illinois, Texas and Oklahoma. The project has four operation phases. Phase 1 is a pipeline that

The pipeline belongs to the Texas-based company, Energy Transfer Partners. The Dakota Access pipeline is a one thousand one hundred and seventy-two mile pipe that will transfer about 470,000 to 570,000 barrels of crude oil a day through four states, North Dakota, South Dakota, Illinois, and Iowa. The pipe is thirty inches in diameter and “will connect the rapidly expanding Bakken and Three Forks production areas in North Dakota to Patoka, Illinois” (Energy Transfer Partners). This pipeline is hoped to help the US become less dependent on foreign oil and is a safer and cheaper way to move crude oil compared to rail car or trucks. It is also estimated to bring additional revenue and jobs to states the pipeline runs through. Using new advanced pipeline technology, they are confident that the pipeline will be safe and reliable (Energy Transfer Partners).

There is many jobs and responsibilities in the field “pipelining”. There is a transportation side, that transports the natural resources to and from the refinery or takes equipment and materials to the work site. There are people who work and put in the pipes and maintain them. There is all kinds of jobs that are to be done while harvesting the earth's natural resources and making them into a usable form. This job requires the average employee to work at the bare minimum forty hours a week sometimes even more. The employees are made to work in all the different weather conditions, while even working night shifts. There is no holding off on a project when talking about the pipelining business. If you are a welder on the pipeline you usually work two full weeks on and three weeks off all year around (“Pipeline

everyday uses. This network of piping used daily must be properly managed and planned for, as

At the last board meeting we discussed the current 14” pipeline that was scheduled to be tied into was 35 feet down in the property of 1800 Tumin. Originally, the plans showed the pipeline was located at side of the road. The options were to either tie in to the old pipeline as planned by adding approximately 30 feet to make up the difference, which would keep it as a cross country line. The other option was to install a new pipeline in road right-of-way to eliminate the cross country line. It will take approximately 600 feet of pipe added to the contract to install in the road right-of-way. Attached please find the cost for both.

Most of the natural gas transportation in the USA is done through 305,000 miles of transmission pipelines. Existing LNG degasification facilities allow for limited international trade of LNG (Table 2). Due to free market pricing when natural gas cost less in summer period, gas-storing facilities are widespread over the country including more than 400 underground storages and 113 LNG peaking facilities (EIA, 2008).

A wide range of petroleum products which include gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and aviation fuel is produced by Petron Port Dickson Refinery (PDR), which has a rated capacity of 88,000 barrels per day and operated by Petron Malaysia Refining & Marketing Bhd. Petron subsidiaries in Malaysia has eleven strategically-located depots and terminals to distribute their world-class fuels. Therefore, they are able to ensure a continuous and dependable supply of quality fuels to their various customers through this potent distribution network.

The oil and gas industries involve a high amount of documentation for both transportation as well as extraction and field services. Activities are highly regulated, and subject to oversight from Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), the Department of Transportation (DoT), the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the Department of the Interior (DoI). That said, the process of regulation is trending toward a more digitized system, with organizations like FERC having their own submission portals that implement a “fill-in-the-blank” platform to complete forms. However, not all forms have yet been converted to digital submission even in agencies with online portals, and other agencies still remain reliant on