Gastric Acid Lab Report

Vinegar was used in this experiment to mimic the stomach acid that reacts with the sodium bicarbonate in the Alka-Seltzer tablet. Limiting reactants relate to this lab by the sodium bicarbonate reacting with the stomach acid. Once the stomach acid, vinegar in this lab, was reacted, the sodium bicarbonate no longer was secreted. Increasing amounts of vinegar was added to the tablet to determine a point at which the sodium bicarbonate becomes the limiting

Discussion: The focus of the first part of the experiment is extraction. By using liquid-liquid extraction, the acid, base and neutral component of an unknown compound should be isolatable. The unknown compound was in a 1:1:1 ratio of acid, base and neutral components. By dissolving it in 20mL of ethyl acetate, then adding it to a separatory funnel with 20mL of HCl, the HCl would be expected to react with the unknown base in the separatory funnel.

Gas Production in Relation to Combustion Reactions Introduction Chew, swallow, digest, and pass: these may not seem like anything other than simple functions, but they are very important when it comes to the process of digestion, as well as, the environment. This is because all of these actions relate to the subject of gas production. Reactions in which gasses are formed take place in many aspects of the natural world. Whether it is within the atmosphere or within the body.

The normal process of digestion of sugar in the body: 1. After the sugar gets to the stomach, it is broken down into pieces due to the stomach acid. 2. The stomach empties the sugar into your intestines where it becomes monosaccharide. 3.

I’m doing my report on Reglan. Reglan is a medication they give to people with digestion and indigestion problems such as Gastroparesis. What’s Gastroparesis? Gastroparesis is a partial paralysis of the stomach which results in delayed emptying. The reasoning of why I chose Reglan is, because they prescribe it to people that have Gastroparesis, and my niece was diagnosed with it at age of 12 weeks old.

For this experiment the materials included: three beakers, three antacid tablets, water at three different pH values, pH test strips, a graduated cylinder, a thermometer, a timer, a piece of paper to record results, and a pencil. To begin the experiment, each table gathered their supplies, and measured out twenty five milliliters of the solution that had a neutral pH into the first beaker, labeled beaker A, and tested the solution for its pH using a pH test strip. Next, the students dropped one of the antacid tablets into beaker A and, with the timer, timed the rate of reaction and, after the reaction was done, measured the temperature of the water in degrees Celsius with the thermometer. The students then measured twenty five milliliters of the solution that was acidic into the second beaker, labeled beaker B, and again tested for the pH of the solution with a pH test strip. The class then did the same process as aforementioned the class dropped one antacid tablet into the beaker, and measuring its rate of reaction and temperature in degrees Celsius using a thermometer.

Separation and Identification of Bovine Milk α-lactalbumin and β-lactoglobulin Corbin Croom, Tyler Donathan, Cama Dooley, Nicholas Johnson October 15, 2014 Abstract Analytical gel electrophoresis has been used to separate and identify many kinds of proteins including α-lactalbumin and β-lactoglobulin. Both proteins can be derived from bovine milk. Skim milk was centrifuged with a variance in pH to precipitate casein proteins. Whey material was filtered and eluted through a Sephadex G-50 column.

Discussion/Conclusion As stated before, the experiments performed in this lab sought to determine what conditions are necessary for the digestion of lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins. It was hypothesized that certain conditions are necessary in order for digestion to occur. For the lipid test, it was predicted that the presence of pancreatic lipase would be required for digestion and that the addition of bile salts would speed up the rate of digestion. Digestion occurred in tubes 1-3 because they changed color from blue to green, indicating that fatty acids were released as a result of digestion.

By comparison, the Mylanta had reached the 32 drops limit and failed to fully neutralize the same amount of HCl solution. Since each H+ ion in HCl solution must be neutralized by an OH- ion from the antacid to form H2O through neutralization reaction, therefore this is a clear evidence that the original assumption of the more drops of antacid were needed to neutralize the acid, the less effective the antacid is correct since it must contain less OH- ion. Therefore, the hypothesis was proven correct. Antacids are weak bases used to neutralize our stomach gastric acid, mainly composed of hydrochloric acid or HCl, through neutralization reaction.

Script Introduction: The digestive system is needed in order to break down food in order to be able to use the food as energy, and my group and I have simulated the digestive process of a muffin. Mouth: In the mouth, mastication in the form of chewing takes place, which is a type of mechanical digestion. Mastication occurs when the teeth, with the incisors simulated by the knife and the molars simulated by the motor and pestle, cut the food into smaller particles, which maximised surface area. This allows the amylase enzymes in the saliva that are secreted from the salivary glands to more rapidly distribute and break down the starches in the ball of chewed muffin.

The percent error 52.1% is not to be a determination of how well the enzymes worked or the calibration accuracy, as the Gatorade had other carbohydrates such as sucrose syrup and fructose. While sucrose is composed of glucose and fructose, hydrolysis is required to unbind the two saccharides (2). One way to carry out hydrolysis is using heterogeneous catalysts, in which the phase differs from the reactants (article). However, in this lab the sugar digested was created with a boiling water bath along with sulfuric acid to induce hydrolysis (lab manual). The digestion was later stabilized with sodium hydroxide to reach a PH rage of 5.90 to 6.50.

Digestion is the process the body undergoes as it breakdown food for the body to be able to absorb all its nutrients and be able to give the body energy as well. There are two types of digestion, mechanical and chemical. Mechanical digestion is simply breaking down the food by chewing it. Chemical digestion on the other hand is the breaking down of food into its nutrients via the use of chemicals/enzymes. In this experiment we will be examining the internal organs of a fetal pig and how the digestion of starch is affected by temperature.

The primary function of the digestive system is to transfer nutrients, water, and electrolytes from the food consume into the body’s internal environment. The ingested food is essential as an energy source, or fuel, from which the cells can generate ATP to carry out their particular energy-dependent activities such as contraction, transport, synthesis, secretion and even renewal of body tissues. Three primary categories of food ingested by humans which are carbohydrates, proteins and fats emerge as large molecules. These large molecules cannot cross plasma membranes intact to be absorbed from the lumen of the digestive tract into the blood or lymph; hence, it must undergo degradation in size (Sherwood, 2013). This

Table 2: Consists of color extract taken from a red cabbage for a natural indicator. The pH reading that was measured by using the pH meter and the result of the pH reading to determine whether the solution was acidic or basic.

Carbohydrates are the product that made up from carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Carbohydrates are form by the combination of carbon dioxide and water molecules. The carbohydrates contain two specific functional group in it which is the hydroxyl groups and carbonyl groups.A reducing sugar is a type of sugar with is an aldehyde group.This means that sugar can act as a reducing agent.The procces of reducing sugar is isomerisation,example of reducing sugar islactose,maltose,glucose and fructose.All monosaccharides are capable of reducing other chemicals such as copper (II) sulphate to copper oxide.Beside that disaccharides such as maltose and lactose are reducing sugar,however sucrose is non reducing