Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

Gastro Esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD), commonly known as Acid Reflux, is a disease that is now affecting a lot of teenagers over the world. GERD is a heartburn caused by a leaky valve at the base of your esophagus that allows stomach acid to regurgitate (Livestrong). GERD is also caused by a bacteria found in your stomach known as Helicobacter Pylori. H. Pylori attacks the lining of your stomach and later when it has done enough damage, acidic fluid is able to get through the lining and into your esophagus, causing a heartburn (WebMD). Most people do acquire h. pylori during their childhood but most only develop its symptoms later on in life and some are never affected by the bacteria, never developing any symptoms.

The lower esophageal sphincter relaxes, and gastric contents regurgitate into the esophagus (Gastroesophageal Reflux disease, long-term care, 2017). Any condition can cause GERD but it is more likely increased when you go into a position that increases intra-abdominal pressure. More specifically, a hiatal hernia with an incompetent sphincter or pyloric surgery can cause GERD. GERD can affect anyone but it is likely seen in the age group over 40. The treatment for GERD can be medications, surgery, the patient can be taught to manage an appropriate diet and this disease typically requires the patient to modify their lifestyle. Some examples that someone diagnosed with GERD will want to do are positional therapy; elevating the head of the bed, weight reduction and avoiding lying down 2 hours before actually going to bed (Gastroesophageal Reflux disease, long-term care,

Barrett’s Esophagus can be complication of gastroesophageal reflux disease. The acid causes the normal simple stratified squamous epithelium to be destroyed and the body replaces the tissue with columnar epithelium, the same tissue present in the stomach. The disease can occur causing symptoms or can be asymptomatic. Not every patient with gastroesophageal reflux disease will develop Barrett’s Esophagus and not every patient who has Barrett’s Esophagus had gastroesophageal reflux disease. Screening is important to help identify patients that may be affected by the disease. Caucasian male populations are at the greatest risk for developing Barrett’s Esophagus which can lead to esophageal adenocarcinoma. Biopsy is required to diagnose

Barret’s Esophagus is a serious complication of GERD, in which stands for Gastro Esophageal Reflux Disease. With Barret’s esophagus normal tissue lining the esophagus; the tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach changes to tissue that resembles the lining of the intestine, this process is called intestinal metaplasia ("Barret's esophagus: Symptoms," 2005). Patients who are diagnosed with Barret’s esophagus are at an increase risk of developing esophageal adenocarcinoma, which is cancer of the esophagus and can be fatal.

When suffering from GERD, it is important to know how to adjust in order to decrease the likelihood from suffering from signs and symptoms of this disease. A person with GERD should try to figure out what kind of food triggers the reflux. There are many foods that may irritate our stomach, for example, coffee, alcohols, tomatoes, and fatty foods, however, each and every one of us may be sensitive for a particular food/beverage and once we find out what it is we have to eliminate it. It is also crucial to decrease the size of our meal. If we are prone to acid reflux, it is important that we don’t lie flat for three hours after we have eaten a meal or snack.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a symptomatic condition or a histopathologic alteration thought to be secondary to a reflux of gastric contents that enter the lower esophagus. There are treatment options to help patients with the symptoms of GERD. Although the treatments prove to help relieve the symptoms of GERD, some question their overall effect on the body and whether or not they are safe to take. Recent studies are suggesting herbal formulas may have the best treatment outcome.

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First of all, explained the most frequent clinical manifestation of GERD, which is a heartburn, it occurs 30 to 60 minutes after eating. Therefore, patient should: eating smaller portions, consuming less fat, avoiding laying down for at least two hours after eating, avoiding snacks before bedtime, wearing loose clothing, elevating the head of the bed about six inches, avoiding alcohol, particularly red wine., tobacco, and foods that trigger symptoms such as black pepper, garlic, raw onions, and other spicy foods, chocolate, citrus fruits and products, such as oranges and orange juice, coffee and caffeinated drinks, including tea and soda, peppermint and tomatoes (Badillo & Francis,

Studies have shown that there maybe a relationship between asthma and GERD, but the precise relationship remains uncertain. Asthma symptoms may be worsened by GERD, but GERD can also be worsened by asthma and the medications used to treat asthma. However when treating GERD, the asthma symptoms can be relieved, therefore furthering the suggestive correlation between asthma and GERD. Sometimes clinicians look at GERD to be the cause of asthma when asthma starts in adulthood, worsens after meals, lying down or exercise and when asthma is not responding to treatment. As we discussed earlier, the link between the two remains unknown, but one reason may be that the acid causes injury to the throat and airway, therefore inhalation becomes difficult

GERD is a condition caused by stomach acid or stomach content coming up from the stomach into the esophagus. This backwash causes irritation in the esophagus, as the stomach acid damages the esophageal lining. Most cases of GERD occur in infants and adults. For infants, the most common cause of GERD is due to pyloric stenosis, a condition that affects the gastrointestinal tract as it narrows the pylorus. This causes food to flow backward as it cannot make its way to the stomach, thus causing the baby to vomit. In adults, the most common cause of

As we get older, it gets harder for the valve to close tightly due to a weakened diaphragm. So this allows acid and partially digested food to splash back into the esophagus. As such, continues occurrence of reflux would result to the gastro esophageal reflux disease (GERD). Gastro for the gastric system, and esophageal for the esophagus.3 The hole can also increase in size leading to the formation of a hiatus.1 When this happens, part of the stomach bulges through the hole leading to the hiatal hernia which

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•     Relax when you eat. Since stress can cause GERD, take you time and eat slowly.

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LB is a 52-year-old white woman who presents to the ED with esophageal burning, nausea, and vomiting. (This is a real case, but some identifying details have been changed.) A few weeks ago, she had an injection of cortisone in her left knee for pain and was prescribed naproxen (Naprosyn) twice a day for three weeks until the swelling subsided; she took the medication as prescribed, with food. Since then, she describes feeling a burning sensation in her esophagus. At first she attributed the discomfort to her history of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). But then the feeling worsened a few days ago—she said it felt like the naproxen was “sitting in my throat”—and she felt no relief with omeprazole (Prilosec). The following morning, about