Gastroesophageal Reflux Disorder Research Paper

This condition is characterized by symptoms and complications that result from reflux or back of gastric content into the esophagus that extent also into the oral cavity or even the lungs. Common signs and symptoms of this condition include heartburn( burning/stinging), and does note that radiates to the back such as in the case of Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD). Furthermore, other symptoms patients may experience are a chronic cough, bronchospasm, chest pain not related to a cardiomyopathy, hoarseness, early satiety, abdominal fullness, bloating with belching. Complications related to this disorder are closely linked to esophageal ulceration, hematemesis, melena, stricture development(Dains, Baumann, & Scheibel,

The initial step in determining the cause of your loved one's heartburn is journaling. At home care providers can be a great help in this process. You want to record the time of the occurrence as well as the activity or food associated with it. Common causes that are discovered are the size of the meals, the speed at which the food is eaten, and the consumption of high-fat foods. The most common foods related to heartburn include tomatoes, citrus fruit, coffee, alcohol, and peppermint. Many seniors are also sensitive to spicy foods.

GERD is known as Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease. It is best defined as a back flow of gastric or duodenal contents or both into the esophagus and past the lower esophageal sphincter. It can cause acute epigastric pain (heartburn). The pathophysiology of GERD is multifactorial, involving transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations and other lower esophageal sphincter pressure abnormalities. As a result, reflux of acid, bile, pepsin and pancreatic enzymes occur, leading to esophageal mucosal injury (Gastroesophageal Reflux disease, long-term care, 2017). The degree of mucosal injury is based on the amount and concentration of refluxed gastric acid, proteolytic enzymes and bile acids. Due to the lower esophageal sphincter being dysfunctional, the esophageal motility is slowed, leading to decreased clearance of acidic material.

First of all, explained the most frequent clinical manifestation of GERD, which is a heartburn, it occurs 30 to 60 minutes after eating. Therefore, patient should: eating smaller portions, consuming less fat, avoiding laying down for at least two hours after eating, avoiding snacks before bedtime, wearing loose clothing, elevating the head of the bed about six inches, avoiding alcohol, particularly red wine., tobacco, and foods that trigger symptoms such as black pepper, garlic, raw onions, and other spicy foods, chocolate, citrus fruits and products, such as oranges and orange juice, coffee and caffeinated drinks, including tea and soda, peppermint and tomatoes (Badillo & Francis,

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a symptomatic condition or a histopathologic alteration thought to be secondary to a reflux of gastric contents that enter the lower esophagus. There are treatment options to help patients with the symptoms of GERD. Although the treatments prove to help relieve the symptoms of GERD, some question their overall effect on the body and whether or not they are safe to take. Recent studies are suggesting herbal formulas may have the best treatment outcome.

GERD is a condition that occurs when the contents of the stomach back up to the esophagus due to the relaxation or weakening of the lower esophageal sphincter. The common causes of GERD include:

Acid reflux disease (gastroesophageal reflux disease, GERD, heartburn) occurs when acidic digestive juices flow backward from the stomach into the esophagus. The resulting heartburn is sometimes experienced as chest pain.

Symptoms of heartburn usually consist of a sensation of burning or discomfort after eating, located in the middle of the lower chest underneath the breastbone. The discomfort may increase when bending over or lying flat on the back. Some people experience difficulty swallowing or feeling like food is stuck in the lower esophagus while others may have a cough or respiratory discomfort, although these symptoms occur less frequently. In most people, heartburn lasts for a short period of time and stops quickly, especially with the use of certain

Obesity, tobacco use, and the consumption of alcohol, spicy foods, coffee, caffeine, fatty foods, and chocolate have been implicated in causing GERD (Katz, Gerson, & Vela, 2013). Obesity increases abdominal pressure which forces gastric acid into the esophagus. The pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter is decreased with tobacco and chocolate allowing gastric acid access to the esophagus (Katz et al., 2013). Tobacco, alcohol, chocolate, and fatty foods slow peristalsis in the esophagus and prolong esophageal exposure to gastric acid (Katz et al., 2013). “Cigarette smoking stimulates acid production” (Dudley-Brown & Huether, 2012, p. 904). Consumption of alcohol and cocaine use inhibit the production of the protective mucus layer in the stomach which can cause gastritis and peptic ulcer

(McCance 1458). The lower esophageal sphincter may suddenly relax one to two hours after eating followed by the production of gastric contents regurgitating into the esophagus. (McCance 1458). Abdominal pressure is increased due to vomiting or obesity and contributes to the development of reflux esophagitis. (McCance 1458). Ulcers, pylorus narrowing, and hiatal hernias cause delays in gastric emptying by lengthening the reflux period and acid increase in chyme. (McCance 1458). Depending on the composition of the gastric contents and the length of time they are in the esophagus will determine the severity of the reflux. (McCance 1458). Reflux esophagitis produces inflammatory responses such as edema, hyperemia, and tissue erosion in the esophageal wall. (McCance

- Esophagitis: Inflammation/swelling of the esophagus.Reflux: Acid from the stomach is pushed back up into the esophagus.Achalasia: When the valve where the esophagus opens into the stomach does not relax and let food pass into the stomach.Obstruction from rings and webs: Rings and webs are fibrous bands. They are benign (non-cancerous). They make the esophagus narrow and can cause food to get stuck.Dysphagia

Acid reflux is a typical issue to individuals. It generally causes a consuming feeling of indigestion in your upper chest and throat. So, you may taste acidic and sharp substance in your throat or even in your mouth. This marvel may bother you anytime, particularly after a supper.

Many of us deal with the occasional heart burn or a gaseous filled stomach. Although not everyone deals with it constantly. The constant feeling of burning in your esophagus and having to take a Zantac twice a day is not something that many people look forward to. There are a three simple steps to dealing with acid reflux. Dealing with illnesses can either defeat us or overcome us.

Many people have a hiatal hernia with no symptoms. The larger the hernia, the more likely that you will have symptoms. In some cases, a hiatal hernia allows stomach acid to flow back into the tube that carries food from your mouth to your stomach (esophagus). This may cause heartburn symptoms. Severe heartburn symptoms may mean that you have developed a condition called gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Heartburn and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). GERD is a digestive condition that makes stomach acid flow back up into your esophagus.