Gaze Behavior In Hereditary Prosopagnosia

Prosopagnosia, also called face blindness, is a neuropsychological condition that refers to impairment in the recognition of faces. Although prosopagnosic patients suffer from other types of recognition impairments (place recognition, car recognition, facial expression of emotion, est.), they experience face recognition problems above or over other types impairments. Prosopagnosia occurs without intellectual, sensory or cognitive impairments; in other words, people with prosopagnosia can still recognize people from non-facial cues. They cannot recognize familiar people by their faces alone, and often use alternative routes to alleviate the effects of this impairment. These routes include

concern that has crossed many minds is that many traits may be influenced by pleitropic

In this particular case study, an eight year old child named Al, was diagnosed with Prosopagnosia. The analysis cultivated that Al was unable to achieve perceptions of faces for both

In both articles, infants’ gazes are crucial to the experiments conducted. Whether reacting to disappearing objects in Baillargeon's article or identifying with someone of the same skin color as said in Spelke and Kinzler’s article.

Greenspan, R. J. (2003). The varieties of selectional experience in behavioral genetics. Journal Of Neurogenetics, 17(4), 241-270.

Three experiments were conducted to illustrate that Chimpanzees could discriminate between appearance and reality. Chimpanzees were the chosen subjects because they are our closest relatives, and there is evidence that chimpanzees can check their appearances and recognize themselves in mirrors.

Recognizing distortions of a human face can be caused by early visual experience (Maurer, Grand & Mondloch, 2001). Looking at a countless number of people’s faces at a young age impacts greatly on how young children detect what a face is supposed to look like and to recognize a person, such as a family member. However, it is not just early visual experience that impacts facial recognition, there is a lot of behavior evidence that proves that facial configuration is important for recognition as well as computational investigations. Computational investigations are ambiguous to the fact that second-order relation contains characteristic information. They indicate that configural information is a key aspect of the facial identification signature and can be dispensed with, with minimum loss of performance (Balas & Sinha, 2007). This research is very important because it helps everyone figure out whether configural processing is unique to faces. My hypothesis is that the inverted faces are hard for people to pinpoint what the picture is and that children are not as good at face configuration as adults

Overly, the model provides coherent explanation of many kind of information about faces and how they relate to each other. It provides evidence about significant differences in processing of familiar and unfamiliar faces. Nonetheless there are limitations. For instance, there is not enough information about processing unfamiliar faces. Burton et al. (1999)

(Bate, S.) The condition has traditionally been studied in individuals who acquire the disorder following neurological damage typically caused by stroke, head injuries, or degenerative diseases (Bennetts, R. J., 2014). A handful of case studies were reported in the literature of the 20th century on/about adults. The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke conducts research related to prosopagnosia in its laboratories at the National Institutes of Health. Much of their research focuses on finding better ways to prevent, treat, and ultimately cure disorders like prosopagnosia. “Prosopagnosia is thought to be the result of abnormalities, damage, or impairment in the right fusiform gyrus, a fold in the brain that appears to coordinate the neural systems that control facial perception and memory.” (Face Blindness,

Prosopagnosia occurs due to the damage to the fusiform face area, in the fusiform gyrus that is located in the temporal lobe and damages to the to the occipital face area located in the occipital lobe (Grüter, Grüter, & Carbon, 2008, p. 82). However in individuals who experiences developmental prosopagnosia seem to have normal fusiform face area functioning. Grüter, Grüter, & Carbon (2008), stated that the right fusiform face areas in most individuals reacts the strongest to the stimulus of a face (p.83). A connection

Reading the Mind in the Eyes test, Baron-Cohen, Wheelwright & Hill (2001): was used to test “individual differences in social sensitivity” (Baron-Cohen et al. 2001, p.241). The test contained 36 pictures of eyes each with four adjectives, with participants choosing one that could describe what the person is thinking or feeling. Participants were reward a score of 1 for every word correctly selected, the maximum score was 36, see appendix …

Not many studies have been done on the prevalence of this disorder, but one in the German student population says about 1 in 50 people are affected by prosopagnosia. While little is known on the subject, a few notable cases have been made apparent. These include Hubert Dreyfus, Jane Goodall, Victoria, the crown princess of Sweden, and Oliver Sacks, a

Agnosia is defined as the inability to recognize objects through the processing of sensory information, which means there is no deficit in semantic memory or problems with naming objects. An individual suffering from agnosia still possesses all the relevant semantic information tied to a precept, but they cannot recognize the precept when it is presented to them and therefore trigger the recall of said information. There are many types of agnosia, but this essay will focus on visual object agnosia and prosopagnosia. The former is the inability to recognise objects: patients suffering from visual object agnosia do not have impaired vision, and in some cases can even copy the object they are seeing (patient H.J.A., Humphreys & Riddoch, 1987) or draw it from memory (patient D.F., Milner & Goodale, 1992), but are unable to recognize it when they see it. In the latter, prosopagnosia, patients cannot recognise faces of familiar individuals, and have to rely on other characteristics such as their voice or clothing to recognize them. Patients suffering from prosopagnosia can either acquire it through a lesion in relevant brain areas (acquired prosopagnosia) or for less understood reasons have it from birth, in which case it is termed developmental prosopagnosia. The study of patients with agnosia is integral to the field of visual recognition, as the specifics of their deficits can provide great insight into the ways our brain processes information; for example, the location of

The model is also used to compare and contrast the recognition of people’s faces with the recognition of other types of visual stimuli, and to explore ways in which mechanisms involved in human facial recognition relate to other types of face processing such as facial movements.

Their theory has enough empirical evidence although it lacks the initial face detection stage and can be said to be inflexible, with limited case study size resulting in the findings having the possibility of lacking generalizability.