Gender Inequality And Gender Wage Gap

The gender pay gap is the difference in pay earned by men and the pay earned by women.( Pay Equity Commission, 2012). There are various ways in measuring the pay gap between genders, such as full- time or full- year wage. Statistics Canada data ( 2012) displayed that the gender pay gap in Ontario was 26% for full- time and full- year employments, which means for every C$1 earned by a man, a woman earned 74 cents( Pay Equity Commission,2012).The pay gap has been narrowing slowly over time compared to the how it was in 1987, which was 36%. However the gender wage gap is still a problem that exists in the society. I will discuss about the feminist theory and how it can be interpreted in the gender pay gap of our society, especially in regards to celebrities.

The gender wage gap has been around since women began having jobs and careers. Though in the beginning the gender wage gap was purely do to discrimination by social stereotypes, now it has become more complicated than that. The issue today has evolved into a complex issue which combines our American culture with business economics. As a result, some are skeptical of the issue and some are very adamant in their beliefs. The issue encompasses not only gender stereo types but also educational, government policies and business’s best practices.

The gender wage gap has been a nationwide problem since women were able to enter the workforce. Women have begun to speak out more about the issue and evaluate what they can do to change the industries and how they personally present themselves to help this change. Currently there is a wide range of opinions on this issue, with some saying it does not exist while others think it will ruin the economy if not fixed immediately. This makes it more difficult to address the problem and predict how it will be in the future; however, all sides of the spectrum are becoming more aware of what the gender wage gap means and what they can do to change it. This paper will analyze the different stances on the extent of this social issue as well as the current practices being used to increase knowledge and equalize pay for all.

One cannot begin the discussion of gender pay gap without defining it. Simply put, gender pay gap is the inequality between men and women wages. Gender pay gap is a constant international problem, in which women are paid, on average, less than that of their male counterpart. As to if gender pay gap still exist, its exactness fluctuates depending on numerous factors such as professional status, country and regional location, gender, and age. In regards to gender, in some cases, both men and women have stated that the gap does not exist. Due to various countries initiatives to shrink the wage inequality between men and women wages in the work force, the gap has narrowed, respectively, which may have helped form such opinion. However, stating that the gender pay gap does not exist in today’s society, anywhere, is completely unlikely. Seeing that the gap has loosened its grasp in the working world, in other countries, the gap between pay has widen or remained stagnant. One cannot help but wonder why the gap remains consistent even with such substantial progress made in countries where the gap has decreased.

Although gender discrimination seems to be the cause of the gender wage gap to many, Sarah Glynn brings her readers’ attention to significant structural factors and continuous social attitudes of gender roles as

The gender wage gap is the difference in men and women’s annual salaries and can be found in every kind of job at all times. The gap stems from prejudice against women workers, resulting in women receiving less pay than men do for the same work. As of 1999, women make up sixty percent of the workforce and are the main income provider for four of every ten families. Yet, in 2015, the median annual income for women was $40,742 and $51,212 for men. That is eighty percent of what men are earning, or a twenty percent wage gap. In the past half-century there has not been a consistent decrease in the wage gap: in 1960 women were earning sixty-four percent of men’s annual income, in 1978 they were earning fifty-nine percent, and in 2000 they were

According to Ioakimidis (2012) reports that gender wage gap to due women's life and work cycles. In addition, one major barrier that leads the number of high-level position jobs in becoming extreme jobs is that it requires an individual to work more than 40 hours per week. However, according to Eagly (2011), she outlines that common notion that those who put longer hours into their jobs will generally rise faster, this makes it difficult for women who have family responsibilities. Consequently, another reason for explaining the current gender wage gaps is that women ultimately choose to study less rewarding subjects, by entering lower-paying professions and stay towards the bottom rungs of the career ladder. Although their choices might give them flexible working hours, it also negatively affects their earnings. (Bussin,

The gender wage inequality topic is one that has quietly laid in Americas closet of problems for decades. A female worker in Louisiana makes on average an alarming sixty-six cents compared to the dollar a man makes in twenty sixteen. When a father comes home after a forty-hour long work week making fifteen dollars an hour, he will open up a paycheck to six hundred dollars. When a mother comes home after working the same hours as the father, she will prepare dinner, change your diaper, lay you down to sleep. The only difference is her paycheck reads three hundred ninety-six dollars. It is only getting more challenging for females in today’s society as well. A defining term in the last two decades pertaining to gender wage gap inequality is the glass elevator effect. More men are choosing female dominated jobs such as nursing, teaching etc. While females slowly try to advance by increasing their salaries and rise up to higher paying and important positions, men seem to effortless glide their way to the top by an invisible escalator. This is called the glass elevator effect (Forbes). In America, this problem may go unnoticed, it is an issue dealing with cultural sexism. The broader impact of this is generations of women doing their best to advance in society but somehow constantly being beat. The specific claim of this topic is to bring justice and equality to women across in

Gender pay gaps are defined as the average difference between men’s and women’s aggregate hourly earnings. One of the largest driving factors of the gender wage gap is the fact that men and women, on average, work in different industries and occupations. Women in every state experience the pay gap, but in some states it is worse than others. The pay gap affects women from all backgrounds, at all ages, and of all levels of educational achievement. In 2014, women working full time in the United States typically were paid just 79 percent of what men were paid which is a gap of 21 percent. The gap has narrowed since the 1970s due to women 's progress in education and workforce participation and to men 's wages rising at a slower rate. The progress has stalled in recent years and the pay gap does not appear likely to go away on its own.

Throughout history, discrimination has wielded its ugly head in many different forms. Things such as, but not limited to, race, religion, appearance, beliefs and gender have consistently oppressed minorities. A continual discrimination that the women of the world are dealing with takes place in what has been promised to be a fair and unprejudiced environment: the work place. This issue deals with women not being paid the same amount of money as men even though they may be equally, if not more so, trained, educated and qualified for jobs. This historically stems from women being the traditional ‘caregivers’ or ‘homemakers’ while men tended to be the ‘breadwinners’ of the household. This difference in pay based on gender is called the Gender Wage Gap. The Gender Wage Gap is the difference in working pay earned by men and then working pay earned by women. The conventional way to look at the gender wage gap is to compare full-time salaries earned by both of the genders. Up until the 1950’s, it was accepted that men and women were paid different amounts of money. Women were thought not to need to be paid as much as their male counterparts because they were not the “breadwinners” of the family. In the 1960’s, this all changed because people and unions from all across the country fought hard for the Equal Pay legislation. It is now part of the Canadian Human Rights act. Canadian law now requires employers to pay men and women the same pay for the same job and this is called “pay

Nowadays the gender wage gap is an important issue that affects the status of woman in our modern society. Since the middle of the twentieth century, women have not only joined the economically active labor force in ever-increasing numbers but also improved their education and occupational status, and economic rewards. More specifically, during the last decades, women have surpassed men in overall rates of college graduation and have almost

The existing research indicates that this particular subject matter became an area of concern in the year 1970. During this time, women earned approximately 83 percent of what the men could earn (Zheng, Hui, & Linda, 2170). The wage gap has detrimental effects on women of all ages, races, and educational levels. However, the gap has been decreasing since 1980 particularly among the young workers (McCall, 89). Researchers have always found it hard to measure the exact gap between gender imbalances in income due to the diversified nature that both genders choose their careers. In fact, some researchers suggest that women tend to choose careers that are less paying than their male counterparts are. Job segregation has been termed as the main cause of the huge gender income gap (Mandel, 122).

[Although wage gap is well-known and happens around the world, it has benefits and reasons for it. When bloggers and journalists write about ‘gender wage gap,’ they are not providing every detail that comes with it. So, it is true that wage gap is comparing pay, education level, work experience, and also the occupation.] “Other studies have shown that comparisons based of total compensation (in which women receive more ‘fringe benefits’ such as employer-^ that men mostly work in occupations which offer higher wages so that applies to the unequal pay. Women take a break, or leave their careers briefly. Women take these actions because of childbirth, or to develop their children. Also, women are more likely to do those. “Many claim that even

It is possible to notice that in the occupation where women are more present or where they represent the majority “Women represent a particularly high percentage of workers in teaching (65.9 percent), nursing (87.1 percent) and clerical and administrative positions (75.5 percent)”, women have a much lower wage gap than in the occupation that are mostly dominated by the male component, even though that women have strengthen their presence in male dominated fields. (Vincent, 2013)

It is important to address the systemic inequalities of the gender pay gap. To do this, this essay will use Bacchi (2006) approach to analyse the text “Speech to HRINZ: The reasons for the Gender Pay Gap” by MP Paula Bennett. This essay will illustrate the theoretical perspective of liberal feminism to show the understanding of the problem, and the solutions of the gender pay gap. This essay will also look at two other theoretical perspectives, social democratic, and anti-racism and discuss their viewpoints and solutions towards the problem.