Gender Inequality In Pakistan Research Paper

Gender is defined as being male or female as defined by roles, social status, and attitude. The perception of oneself and what characterizes gender identity. Included in gender identity is hormone and behavior interaction, along with the examination of psychological, biological, and environmental influences on sexual separation.

What is gender? According to the American Psychology Association (APA), Gender refers to the attitudes, feelings, and behaviors that a given culture associates with a person’s biological sex (APA.ORG). Unfortunately, many people tend to think that

Over the course of history, gender inequalities have been a prevalent issue amongst countries around the world. The notion, women are inferior to men has shaped their treatment in all aspects of life. Women were subjected to a patriarchal role in society, the men worked and women took care of domestics to some degree greater or lesser depending the country they resided in. In the late 19th and early 20th century women started rising up against male dominated societies in feminist movements. These movements were campaigns and reform plans to combat issues of equal pay, sexual violence, and denial of suffrage, reproductive rights, equal job opportunities and property rights. Thus observing women in Great Britain and Saudi Arabia today one can see how the role women play in society has dramatically changed from 1800s till now.

From a young age, society classifies us in order to keep our civilization organized and to avoid chaos. However, ambiguity can be necessary at times to question the systematic norms. Gender is a system that categorizes males and females based on their physical appearance, tone of voice, and personality. However, these strict gender roles created by society exclude those who defy classification, such as individuals who are non-gender binary or gender fluid.

The definition of gender is to be either male or female. This refers to: Biological/ physiological characteristics, social behaviours and activities.However in recent times these boxes of thinking have created resistance with modern culture. Equality has always been an issue throughout history. Men and woman alike need to be educated in a great degree by the manners of which society they live in. This creates superficial knowledge by gaining what terms of knowledge of the world is available.The question is where is the sexual difference, when the education is the same? The word masculine is a degree

Gender gap is a serious problem that the whole world is facing, there’s many barriers and reasons behind this issue, the gender inequality changes over time and across different countries. Hence gender inequality is attributable to all communities, where averagely men are much better placed in economic, political and social hierarchies as compared to women.

Gender as defined by society as a division between biological sex and the roles you must take on in society. In reality gender is a true spectrum that does not follow a simple linear pattern. There are three major aspects that make a person who they are inside. These aspects are Sex, Gender and Gender Identity.

Gender roles in Pakistan are completely segregated and unequal. Women have no rights in Pakistan and are looked down on from the day of birth. The women are required to be subordinate to men and the Pakistani’s family honor relies on the woman’s obedience. The women of Pakistan naturally adopt the role of being the primary caretaker for the family. The Muslim faith has a significant influence on decision making and roles males and females must have.

Gender inequality is a social problem that is widespread in society. It is referred to as the unfair treatment of individuals based on one 's gender. Historically, laws have opposed women to go to school, access certain jobs, and purchase property. Gender inequality has been experience through culture – honor-killing, sex-selective abortion, and society – occupation, gender roles, and education. The social expectations of men and women differ between cultures that are constructed socially and culturally. These expectations are displayed in roles, and behavior believed both by men and women and their interdependent relationships. Gender inequality can be further understood through the structure of sexism. Discrimination takes place in gender inequality for the reason that men and women are treated on the basis of gender alone (Amjad, R., Ashfaq, M., Kousar, R., Saghir, A., 2010).

As mentioned earlier, discrimination against girls starts at domestic level, thus it gets its roots strengthened in the very beginning of girls childhood due to parental behavior. When toys for the babies are bought: guns, vehicles and strength showing items are considered for baby boys. Besides, when they turn older, they are allowed to visit their friends, play and roam outside, and be autonomous. This develops the idea in their minds that boys are born brave and they can decide for themselves. On the contrary, dolls, household items like cooking utensils and innocence depicting things are being bought for girls. This treatment makes them feel that girls are born delicate and their primary duty is to do household chores like cooking. In addition, parents put the thought in their daughters' mind that being a girl she should be hospitable, compromising and tolerant, following restrictions like wearing culturally appropriate clothing and are limited to the boundaries of home (Ali et al., 2011). However, no such restrictions are faced by boys. They wear according to their own choice and are not home bound, as well. Parental behavior is followed by the factor patriarchal society, i.e., the male dominated society. Since, Pakistan is a country governed primarily by males so the prevailing culture favors them

Merriam-Webster provides two definitions for the meaning of gender. The first is simply that gender is a synonym for sex. The second, however, states that gender is “the behavioral, cultural, or psychological traits typically associated with one sex (Merriam-Webster).” This is the definition for gender used in this paper, while sex is defined separately, as the biological differences between males and females.

Gender, as defined by the United Nations, includes the psychological, social, cultural, and behavioral characteristics associated with being female or male. It further defines acceptable and allowable behavior in for both men and women in a broad cultural sense (United Nations, 2016). Gender identity impacts our development and how we interact with society. Our daily life decisions are impacted by our gender role beliefs.

Gender inequality is denial of rights to someone based on gender it viewed as problem around the globe but in Pakistan it viewed as western sponsored concept which threats to religious and cultural values “Pakistan’s gender apartheid can be seen through the lens of the World Economic Forum’s Gender Gap Index 2013, where we sit pretty at the 135th spot — second from bottom. With the level of physical and sexual violence, forced marriages, karo kari (honour killings) and structural discrimination faced by Pakistani women redefining their respective nadirs on an annual basis, one actually wonders what Yemen does to its women to take the honorable bottom slot away from us. With the jirga (tribal courts) system, which sanctions honor killings and female persecution, discounted as a ‘cultural’ and ‘tribal’ matter, gender apartheid in Pakistan should continue to flourish” .

Kerbo (1994) refer to gender as the socially constructed definition of what it mean to be female or male. Sex and gender are two separate terms. Sex refers to the biological characteristics. However, gender is completely different. Gender is socially constructed not biological. For example many times when a baby is born male, others would say things like he’s going to be strong or aggressive. These behaviors are usually associated with male characteristics. Society places different types of behaviors, roles and expectations on females and males.

For progressive governments in Pakistan poverty remains as a solitary principle test like other creating and immature nations. Right away, legislative and certain non-administrative association have evaluated more than quarter of Pakistani population living under poverty line. As indicated by Human Development Index (HDI) 2009 report, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and