Gender Stereotypes Of Domestic Violence Against Women

Prior to the 1800’s, the majority of legal systems regarded ‘wife beating’ as a way in which a husband could assert his dominance and authority over his wife. Within the 1970’s, attention to domestic violence began with the woman’s movement, principally through the introduction of feminism and women’s rights. In recent years however, the way domestic violence is viewed has changed. Previously, domestic violence only occurred within marriage, predominantly against wives and therefore formalised through the use of a marriage contract. Within modern society, domestic violence can now refer to

The earliest literature reference to domestic violence against men can be found in the studies of Suzanne Steinmetz (1977,1978) entitled, “The Battered Husband Syndrome.” She hypothesizes that the incidents of husband-on-wife beatings rivals the incidents of wife perpetrated batterings, and that it was husband abuse not wife abuse that was underreported form of domestic violence. Steinmetz used two United States populations, a broadband nonrepresentative group and a random sample in New Castle, Delaware in the form of police reports and family surveys. The small study found only small differences in the percent of men and women who resorted to violence in the context of pushing, shoving, or hitting with hands or an object. This suggested early on that domestic violence is not a one way street. Husband beating is a serious issue and needs attention due to the fact that it is grossly underreported. Steinmetz received numerous criticism from her colleagues on this concept. In later studies, Murray Straus, Richard Gelles, and Suzanne Steinmetz (1980), authors of the book, Behind Closed Doors: Violence in The American Family, supports Steinmetz’s earlier studies in finding that women acted violently during marital affairs compared to a similar number of men who act violently in the United States. The study used 2,413 family surveys, finding in majority of them that the level of violence was a mutual or bilateral activity, with only 27% of cases finding that husbands were the

Domestic violence, alternatively referred to as Intimate Partner Violence, is defined by the Department of Justice as “a pattern of abusive behavior in any relationship that is used by one partner to gain or maintain power and control over another intimate partner.” While domestic violence is commonly thought of as only physical or sexual abuse, domestic violence can also be emotional, economic, or psychological. Domestic violence has remained constant in society throughout history, even though over time society’s response to the issue has changed. While domestic violence affects everyone regardless of race, gender, age, etc. it is estimated that approximately 90% of all victims are women. For the purpose of this paper, I will be focusing on

The article constructs domestic violence as an issue of gender, race and socioeconomic status. Women are identified as the “majority” of victims (Taylor 2014). Consequently, the article conceptually represents domestic violence as events of intimate terrorism where one partner violently terrorizes the other partner to gain complete control over the relationship, which is entirely perpetrated by men (Johnson 2012). With that said, Johnson (2012) points out that majority of domestic violence is situational couple violence, where both the man and the

The United States has a long history of domestic violence. Nearly six million American women will be battered by their spouses every year (United Way, 1998). Tradition gives men the right to control their family including their wife. Violence

Stereotype/pg. 110: “Assumptions of what people are like, whether true or false.” Around 34 minutes into the documentary, the people being interviewed said that gangs need people to fear them in order to exist. Because of this, MS13 is ‘ultra violent’ to make people continue to fear them. MS13 is trying to make a stereotype for themselves of violence. This way, if people have this idea, they will not try to mess with them, cross into their territory, or harm them.

Education is key to tackle gender-based violence against women. Women learn through society to stay quiet and let it go. They are living in fear and society are too judgemental towards women that do come out and speak about the situation. The society we live in puts men as the important gender and women are their to support men. Girls at a young age are influenced to please their significant other. Women are pressured to look promiscuous in order to be found attractive for men. Stereotyping gender roles also misleads many people on what is the “right” way to live their life. Men are looked at as powerful, provider and protector, while women are the caregiver, stay at at home to take care of the house and children. This dependment mindset that some women have will ultimately put them in a situation where their voice will not be heard. Women that are stay at home wives, mothers need the men to take care of them because he provides the income. When violence occurs, women has no choice to stay quiet because they are afraid they will lose everything. This constant living in fear is a vicious cycle that women cannot get out of unless there are institutions that are willing to help them. Other than the government, I feel that the school system is one of the biggest institutions that can help. Educating young boys and girls about equality is key. Gender should not stop anyone from receiving equal justice. Teaching you boys that it is wrong to hurt girls and teaching girls it is okay to tell someone if they feel

Cindy L. Seaman, Linda J. Rubin, and Sally D. Stabb, all affiliated with Texas Woman’s University, composed the article: Women Domestic Violence Offenders: Lessons of Violence and Survival 2007. In result of the growing problem of women that are more frequently being arrested for assaulting their partners, the need for exploration and research to investigate this phenomenon, along with women’s motivations for current violence, was necessary. The author’s purpose and intent of the article was to highlight current intervention methods of domestic abuse and causation of why women choose to assault. By exploring this epidemic, perhaps treatment intervention methods could be discovered and implemented. In the introduction Seaman, Rubin, and Stabb brought necessary insight to the controversy over family conflict studies opposed to crime studies. The inconsistency with both reports is crucial when looking at women in relation to domestic abuse. This is because data conflicts. Family studies show an increase in both men and women abusers; claiming women abuse just as frequent as men. However, in crime studies and police statistics, reports indicate a much lower assault rate for women. Therefore, the authors chose a qualitative study, in hopes to discover why such data conflicts and to shed light on, perhaps, two different concepts altogether. The idea that couple-conflict is different from the idea of patriarchal terrorism, committed by

Domestic Violence (DV) is a critical social issue that negatively impacts not only our own culture in America but as well as all other cultures around the world. Domestic Violence is a global issue reaching across national boundaries as well as socio-economic, cultural, racial and class distinctions (Kaur & Garg 2008). Domestic Violence is a serious problem that can be seen around every society from families of both developed and underdeveloped countries and of different backgrounds. Although there are various cases of domestic violence against men, children and the elderly; women account for the majority percentage of victims of Domestic Violence. This violence can take the form of physical assault, psychological abuse, financial abuse or sexual assault (Kaur & Garg 2008). Domestic Violence is a trend that is on the rise and will continue to plague our society if nothing is done on time to address this social issue.

In his 2003 paper Jeffery Adler states, "social scientists generally link domestic violence to strains and tensions in gender relations, especially men's efforts to preserve masculine authority. According to many criminologists, sociologists, psychologists, and anthropologists, wife beating represents a "strategy of patriarchal power, typically employed either to discourage women from challenging men's authority or reign in those who stray from established or expected gender roles." (Adler, 2003) In 1995, Michael P Johnson introduced two distinct forms of domestic violence. One is where families suffer from occasional outbursts of violence from either husband or wives (common couple violence) While others are terrorized by systematic male violence (patriarchal terrorism). The distinction between the two is important because it has implications on how policy is implemented, the development of intervention strategies, and educational programs. (Johnson 1995)

Domestic abuse has been subjected to an extremely restricted investigation that is based on stereotypes of what a victim looks like and what an abuser looks like. Naturally, the "victim" is represented as female, little, shy, oppressed and the abuser is represented as male, large, ruthless, and aggressive. Such gender stereotypes may become dangerous or deadly (Pandora’s Project,

Gender stereotypes surface from an early age, from the toys we’re told to play with as children to the type of behaviors we’re encouraged to display. These stereotypes paint an over generalized picture of the population to which they pertain to. They can be very damaging to a person especially when they are imposed on people who fall outside of the norm of the stereotype. One stereotype for example, is that men do not face rape or other domestic violence.

According to Kimmel, he states that that some women use violence as a tactic in family conflict while also understanding that men tend to use violence more instrumentally to control women’s lives. (Kimmel, 24 Researchers like Straus try to prove that women are the instigators to these physical altercation, and that creates a high amount of domestic violence. He said that according to 466 women involved in a violent relationship, their partner struck the first blow 43 percent of the cases, they hit first in 53.1 percent of the cases, and they could not

Domestic violence is being a behavior problem which is used to establish power and control over another person through fear and intimidation, often including the threat or use of violence. Domestic violence is not a new phenomenon in the past women were used to punish be. However, different types of feathers were compared to today. Decades ago, domestic violence was often seen as a way that husbands used to rightfully "correct" their wives. At the same time, male violence posted questions to the the patriarchate, which is defined as the power of husbands and fathers over wives and children (a specific form of male dominance). The power accumulation threatened the integrity of the family, if the husband murdered or seriously injured his wife. In addition, the violence began to change the idea that marriage was based upon love or at least partnership and companionship. The ideal husband was

Domestic violence refers to abusive behavior in any relationship that is inflicted on a partner to gain or maintain power and control over another partner. Domestic violence can be physical, sexual, emotional, or psychological. Domestic violence includes behaviors that intimidate, manipulate, humiliate, isolate, frighten, terrorize, coerce, threaten, blame, hurt, injure, or wound someone. Domestic violence can happen to anyone, regardless of their race, age, sexual orientation, religion, or gender; and it also occurs in both opposite-sex and same-sex relationships; domestic violence also affects people of all socioeconomic backgrounds and education levels (Justice, The United States Department of, 2017). This topic has attracted a lot of discussion and research because of its dominance and complexity. This essay, therefore seeks to look at the causes and effects of domestic violence.