Gene Visualisation, Part 2 Research And Development

The basis of genetics were established by Gregor Mendel, an Augustinian monk in the mid to late 1800’s. Through the observations from cross-pollinating pea plants, Mendel was able to discover the basic laws of inheritance. Mendel’s experiment was to cross pollinate pea plants and observe how traits were passed on. He started his experiment with two true breeding pods,

He was the second of three children. As a child he worked in the garden and studied beekeeping. As he grew, his love for the garden did to. He received his early schooling in his own small village but had to be sent to a nearby town to get his secondary schooling (High School). After that he went to the University of Olomouc where he studied philosophy and physics. When he was done with collage he became fascinated in genetics. His most famous experiment was one he did with peas. He would plant and replant a the peas and record the differences between them. From that he recorded that very rarely there was a slight change between some of the plants; he also noticed that the changes grew increasingly in numbers. He had discovered the law of inheritance witch means that genes are passed on by the

The first people to start specializing their plants into actual agricultural crops were still working with mostly wild plants. Over time, they used experimentation to figure out how to make better crops. Controlling

3. When Mendel transferred pollen from one pea plant to another, he was ___ the plants.

The “Brassica rapa” is a fast plant known as the field mustard. This plant is well known for its rapid growing rate, which makes it an easy breeding cycle and easy to pollinate. In giving so this makes “Brassica rapa” a great participant for testing Gregor Mendel’s theories of inheritance. The “Brassica rapa” acts like a test subject in testing cross-pollination giving the understanding to the dominant allele of colored stems. There are different colors that are visible on the stem that are above the soil; the colors vary from green to purple. P1 seed was ordered, germinated and cross-pollinated until germination of the next off spring of plants were also done. It was

who recognized that plants could be easily domesticated. It was because of the domestication of

While studying eugenics, genetics plays a detrimental role in determining heredity. Genetics is the study and behavior of genes ("Genetics"). These genes are encoded pieces of information that comes from both parents, these genes are found on any of the 23 pairs chromosomes; these chromosomes that contain genes form the human genome. 22 chromosomes all contain the same genes although slight variations of alleles, alleles are alternate forms of genes, and the 23rd chromosome contains the information for the zygote's gender.

to the way crops have been used. Also, mentioned in “World of Chemistry”, he was born into

Genetics is the study of heredity genes, and traits. Like how our parents' traits and genes are passed down to us. Chromosomes are the huge chunk of genes that wrapped around the proteins. Humans are supposed to have the total of 46 chromosomes. Females have XX chromosomes and males have XY chromosomes. Chromosomes are passed down to offspring, as well as, genes. Also, Genes are strands of DNA; they are like the instructions manuals for our body. Genes are the one that code for the traits. Dominant and recessive traits are the two types of traits are that passed down to the offspring. Usually the offspring show the dominant traits since this trait is a lot stronger than recessive traits. There is a less chance that the offspring will show the recessive traits. Since the recessive traits can only appear if the dominant traits are absent.

Genetics is the study of heredity, which is a biological process where certain traits are getting passed from parent to offspring or child (“What is Genetics”). All of our genetic DNA lies within the nucleus of all living cells in a persons body. The DNA found in the cells make the human genome. “There are about 20,000 genes located in one of the twenty three chromosomes found inside the nucleus (“What is

30. What attributes of the garden pea plant made it an excellent organism for Gregor Mendel’s genetic studies?

The increasingly dramatic effects caused by this side experiment came to a climax when a book titled “The Secret Life of Plants” was featured in a 1971 New York Times best-sellers list. Backster’s experiment split the scientific community to two main sides; a side which completely disregard the possibility that plants are intelligent, and the side that argues plant have much more in common to intelligence found in animals than it initially seems. In his article Pollan writes, “Plants are

2. The idea was called blending inheritance. Gregor Mendel and other scientist as well, discovered that traits were inherited whole, and not blended. This discovery also led to the law of inheritance, which basically talked about traits. The law of inheritance explained that a trait might reappear if it once disappear in further generations. And since Darwin failed to provide an explanation for how traits could be maintained over subsequent generations, it gave an open for other scientist as well to make their own discoveries.

Heredity – the transmission of traits from one generation to another, from parents to offspring; the protoplasmic continuity between parents and offspring

Another man who contributed greatly to the study of genetics, was an American biologist by the name of Thomas Hunt Morgan. He studied the ways that characteristics were passed from one generation of fruit flies to the next. He learned that the genes in fruit flies behaved in the same way as the genes in pea plants. He also noticed that certain genes were inherited together more often than random chance should allow.