Generation Of Innovations : Frederick Tudor's Ice Trading Success

"Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely (Lord Acton). John Jacob Astor was a man that had absolute power during his era and used his power and wealth to benefit himself and not the "social fabric of society". Astor lived during the time of a post-revolutionary America which allowed him to build a monopolist empire with little restraint from government or society. Starting out in American as a young German immigrant, John Jacob Astor became involved in the fur trading business "without ever having set a trap" (Stokesbury) and eventually built a fur trading company that extended across the United States and into Canada and made him the richest man in

The notion ‘Climate Change’ may seem familiar to people more often these days. In the last century. Nearly every aspect of today’s technology was influenced back then by the Industrial Revolution; therefore, it could be regarded as a significant turning point in history. It also inspired the later emergence of the modern capitalist economy and opened up a new era of manufacturing. Economic historian has no doubt that the Industrial Revolution marks considerably one of the most important event in the history of humanity. (Hobsbawm 27) However, it contributes to other side effects such as global warming and climate change. Still, many of the inventions today are improvement of the Industrial Revolution and other invention paved the way for the technological advancements that we can benefit from in today’s world. (McCloskey & Deidre). Despite the fact that climate change has influenced the environment to a great extend in recent decades, it is not too late to save it from its further negative changes.

Alongside the entrepreneur spirit, Innovation is the process of taking new ideas and implementing them into the market. Key word being “new”, an innovation can be sometimes viewed as the application to better solutions that meet new demand-requirements, inarticulated needs or existing market needs. Innovative ideas range from: goods, services, products, processes, services, technologies or ideas that create value for which customers will pay for. For an idea to be an innovation, it must be replicable at an economical cost and must satisfy a specific need. This means is that one must be ready and willing put their new idea to the test. On the other hand, there is recognition that “innovation is also critical to cultural, environmental, social, and artistic progress as well” (Bullinger, 2006). With this stated, high-tech innovation is ultimately the reason why we can be thankful for the many new conveniences of the 21st century. Although we might see the forefront of innovation being very prominent in today’s world, innovation is truly nothing new. From the start of modern man times, innovative ideas have paved the way for civilization to advance and develop into what we are today and at the same time, we have barely begin to chip away at the tip of the iceberg of our true human potential. Some scholars believe that innovation is a

“Accepting or Rejecting Innovation” by Jared Diamond, discusses about the factors and processes of adopting new innovations. Diamond explained how innovations, no matter how progressive and efficient it is can be delayed or not used at all. The first factor that decide the new technology can be used is the economic advantage. This is the most obvious, according to the author is if the technology can provide an economic advantage, society would more readily support it. The wheel was used as an example in Native American society, compared to industrial nations, it was not as valued economically due to the lack of domesticated animals. The second factor that the author list was the social and prestigious value of the innovation also plays a crucial

Immigration and African American Rights, I think these are the main events that happen during the Gilded Age. The Gilded Age was an eventful time, had lots of things going on from left and right of us. Mark Twain called the 19th century the Gilded Age, by this he meant that the period was glittering on the surface, but corrupt underneath. There were only two different classes, either you were rich or poor. There was no in between because either you ran a successful business and had family connections or people had jobs that paid very poorly.

Whether you are referring to early Israel in the Bible, the transatlantic trade during the 1600s, modern times, slavery has found a way to rear its ugly head in one way or another. It would appear that a person being a chattel to another person, as Merriam-Webster defines slavery, has been around for practically an eternity. Not only has it been –and still is –present, but slavery has been worldwide. No matter what type of slavery –forced labor, debt labor, sex slavery, or child slavery- the topic has proven to be very controversial in history. For American history in particular, slavery is one reason the Civil War began in 1861. In addition to the Civil War, multiple court cases have risen from this culture of forced labor. Cases like

The Comstock Era was very important in the 19th century. It affected a lot of people good and bad during this time. Also, many leaders were presented in this era such as Victoria Woodhull and Tennie Claflin. However, some of these events still occur in current United States politics such as “free love.” Whether or not it’s better or worse free love still continues and is brought up during protests or conferences. In this essay, I will explain the Comstock era and the role Woodhull and Claflin played in it. I will also talk about how free love is part of U.S. politics how it relates to feminism in the 21st century.

Towards the end of the late 1700's, America was no longer under custody of Britain, instead it was a large market for industrial goods and without the doubt the world's major source for cotton, tobacco, and other agricultural products. The Market Revolution during this time was a harsh change in manual labor system originating in the south and later spreading world wide. The War of 1812, fought against Great Britain, was a time of rapid improvement in transportation, continuously growth of factories, and important development of new technology to increase agricultural production. A labor evolvement started to occur in America throughout the early 1800's, a drastic shift from an agricultural

The winter in January in 1805, Lewis and Clark spend time with the Mandan and Hidatsa villages in central North Dakota (lecture). From there they strike into an unmapped territory. The winter time was a rough one for Lewis and Clark. They struggled to find food and diseases impacted them greatly. Malaria was the biggest disease that affected Lewis and Clark.

During the period of 1450 to 1700, Europe flourished economically, leaving a growing population craving access to lush Asian goods. However, with the fall of Constantinople in 1453, the Ottoman Empire assumed control over the coveted trade routes, creating obstacles for European merchants who neither had goods to offer or shared a common religion with such folk. These hurdles, along with the religious zeal of Christian missionaries and curiosity of European mariners led Western Europe to look elsewhere, specifically the Atlantic, for new trade routes. Although the hypothetical “Northwest Passage” was never found, Atlantic trade, more commonly known as the Columbian Exchange, boomed. With its primary commerce in slaves, silver, and spices, this

The large number of practical and useful inventions brought forward during the time leading up to and including the period known as the Industrial Revolution had a significant impact on both American society and the world. The transition that took place resulted in reliance on mechanical sources of power/energy rather than the traditional human or animal sources to produce the products needed (Hackett, 1992). One of

firms It has been suggested that the disappointing performance of U.S. firms during the 1980s in technology-intensive, global markets was from failure to improve upon products and processes. It has been cited that "the U.S. makes the breakthroughs, while other countries, especially Japan, provide the follow-through." Revolutionary innovation has been contrasted with less dramatic advancements. Incremental improvement can turn products over and get more, newer models out. This may all sound dull, but the achievements can be exhilarating. American firms may have failed to follow up on their breakthroughs with such continuous improvements. Where there were successes, they were built upon a combination of breakthroughs and incremental improvements. It is the subject of yet another discourse as to what constitutes an innovation: a breakthrough or an incremental improvement, or both, and/or everything in between. 4. To take advantage of opportunity It is no surprise that surprises, often disappointing surprises, are the seeds of innovation. Take the oil companies. It is no surprise that some oil companies are becoming oil-andgas companies. Why? Because gas is found more often and in greater abundance than oil

It is amazing how humans can steadily develop new and innovative ideas that help make the world a better place economically, physically, etc; From factories and work

The invention of ice cream can be traced back to the fourth century (BC) but was never really “discovered” until the 1600’s. Much about the history of ice cream has been left to the imagination but historians can give credit to the chef of Charles 1 of England. After much preparation, the King's French chef had concocted an apparently new dish. It was cold and resembled fresh- fallen snow but was much creamier and sweeter than any other after- dinner dessert. The guests were delighted, as was Charles, who summoned the cook and asked him not to reveal the recipe for his frozen cream. The King wanted the delicacy to be served only at the Royal table and offered the cook 500 pounds a year to keep it that way. Sometime later, however, poor Charles fell into disrespect with his people and was beheaded in 1649. But by that time, the secret of the frozen cream remained a secret no more. The cook, named DeMirco, had not kept his promise. It is likely that ice cream was not invented, but rather “came to be” over years of similar efforts. Indeed, the Roman Emperor Nero Claudius Caesar is said to have sent slaves to the mountains to bring snow and ice to cool and freeze the fruit drinks he was so fond of. Centuries later, the Italian Marco Polo returned from his

Between her defeat by Napoleon’s armies in 1806 and the rearrangement of European borders in 1815, Prussia had started to reform herself and to provide more freedom to the people. Farmers went from serf to subject and became able to possess their own land, the influence of the guilds was trimmed, occupational choice became free, and internal tariffs were successively abolished. These reforms paved the way for Prussia to become an industrial country. However, the Industrial Revolution was a regional phenomenon (Pollard 1984) – and regional differences in industrialisation cannot be explained by reforms that applied to the whole country. This is why we draw our evidence from Prussian county-level data.