Genetic And Genomic Education And Practice In Nursing

An important aspect that one must look into with respect to personalized medicine is the family health history, which is an invaluable tool reflecting upon a person’s genetic risk factors

In the course, we discussed different aspects of biology such as photosynthesis, evolution, and, most importantly, genetics. During this unit, my fascination with the inner working of the body increased exponentially. All I could think about was the relationship between gene mutations and diseases. Thoughts of alleles, DNA, and how mutations of them can wreak havoc on the body ran through my head during and after class each and every day. As I continued to learn more and more about genetics the realization came to me that I was meant to study the human genome. The strong feeling that it was also my calling to help those affected by the possible negative effects of gene mutation began to surface. However, as I began to delve into genetics I started to worry that there would not be a career available that would match the criteria I hoped that my future job would possess. As if my biology teacher, Mrs. Barro, knew of the turmoil running rampant inside of my head, days after these concerns first came to pass she gave a lecture during class about the careers that were available if we were to continue our education in the field of science. One of those careers was genetic counseling. After Mrs. Barro explained in class what the job entailed, I ran home and researched it for myself. Soon, I discovered that this career path was perfect for what I wanted to accomplish through

When there is a complication of the regional anesthesia which might include anaphylaxis, overdose, incorrect delivery technique and systemic absorption, the nurse will monitor for systemic toxic reaction which comprises of monitoring the central nervous system (CNS) stimulation along with CNS and cardiac depression. The nurse will also assess the patient for incoherent speech, restlessness, blurred vision, excitement, headache, nausea, vomiting, metallic taste, seizures, tremors, increase blood pressure, respiration and pulse. The patient may become apnea, hypotensive, unconscious, and have a cardiac arrest which may lead to death if the toxic reaction is not treated. Nursing intervention for the complication of regional anesthesia include establishing an open airway, administering oxygen, and notifying the surgeon. Treatment usually comprise of a fast acting barbiturate with epinephrine being administered for cardiac arrest. Edema and inflammation is an early sign of local complication with abscess formation, tissue necrosis and /or gangrene occurring later (Ignatavicius & Workman, 2013). Since general anesthesia was administer in addition to the regional anesthesia, the nurse and anesthesiologist will have to also monitor for complication of general anesthesia which range from a minor sore throat to death. Certain drugs used for general anesthesia may cause an acute, life threatening complication know as malignant hyperthermia (MH). The exposure of these agent to the skeletal muscle causes an increases in serum calcium and potassium level, metabolic rate leading to increased body temperature, acidosis and cardiac dysrhythmias. MH might occur immediately after the administration of the anesthesia, or several hours into the

ii. Hypothermia, defined as a core body temperature less than 36C, is a relatively common occurrence in the unwarmed surgical patient. A mild degree of perioperative hypothermia can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. (Hart et al., 2011)

The purpose of this paper is to complete a Genetic and Genomic Nursing Assessment to analyze family genetic health risks. Genomics is the study of genes in the human genome and their interactions with each other and the environment and genetics is the study of individual genes and their effect on clinical disorders (Kaakinen, Coehlo, Steele, Tabacco, & Hanson, 2015). Nurses should be able to perform an assessment of a family 's genetic health risks by using a three-generation family pedigree to obtain information regarding possible genetic inheritance pattern and recurrence risks. The family chosen for this paper has a history of chromosome balanced and unbalanced translocation. A balanced translocation is a chromosomal abnormality that if unbalanced (too much or too little genetic material) can lead to infertility, multiple miscarriages, or a child with congenital abnormalities, developmental issues, etc. A balanced translocation does not have a straightforward inheritance pattern. It depends on the chromosomes involved, if the carrier is a male versus female and how much genetic material is involved in the translocation itself.

This paper will discuss and complete a genetic and genomic nursing assessment utilizing the information provided. A brief history of three generations of this family will be presented, including a concise reproductive and ethnic background of all relevant members. This history will address all areas of growth and development, along with articulating if individual family member understand causes of health problems and potential genetic risks. Finally, nursing interventions that have been recognized and that will benefit

Family health history is a powerful tool for screening patients. Family nurses tracing the illnesses suffered by a patient’s family members can help predict the disorders patients and their families may be at risk for, and take appropriate action to help them maintain a healthy life. In this report I will complete a Genetic/Genomic Nursing Assessment on my friend and her family. I will discuss three generations of family members, identify health issues, and genetic traits. This report will contain the family’s ethnic background, reproductive history, and any growth and development variations. To further expand on this information I will evaluate my friend’s understanding, as well as her family, of their genetic health risks, identify health risk problems, and include nursing interventions. While most Americans have some degree of awareness regarding the importance of family heath history, most do not have a written profile, that being said, welcome to Patti’s genetic world.

If the genetic information is only accessible to the individual then there is a decreased chance of such discrimination occurring because the information is disclosed to who the individual wishes to. Genetic information can raise questions about personal responsibility, personal choice versus genetic determinism, and concepts of health and disease. Personal factors, family values, and community and cultural beliefs can mould the reactions to these issues. For example the response to the genetic information and suggestion from physicians after the test will be drastically different in a society where traditions and religion determine life choices, such as India, than to a more individually liberal society like the USA. Even in a progressive society that has had specific ethnic groups for multiple generations disparities with medical technology are common. A study conducted, using the national representative data, in the USA with the sample that consisted of 1724 men and women of non-Hispanic whites, Latinos, and African American background. Results exposed significant differences by racial/ethnic groups in knowledge and concerns about the potential misuse of genetic testing. Significantly higher levels of mistrust in a physician and the medical system was a common thread within minorities. The genetic tests can be a way of ridding anxiety attached to the assumed inheritance of genetic disease due to family background whilst for others the genetic test reveals their reality. The results can have a great deal of a psychological impact upon the individual. The possibility of developing a genetic disease alone can create anxiety within some. The psychological impact from the results revealed is another issue that society is concerned about. A

Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a genetic disease that can be inherited. If a person has FAP, they are likely to get colorectal cancer. If FAP is not treated, there is about a 100% chance you will receive colorectal cancer. FAP produces growths with mucus on the inside walls of the colon and rectum. The growths are called polyps. You can get between 100 and 1000 polyps in just 10 years. The genetic test that they run for FAP is a blood screening test for the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene. The blood test is for checking for a mutation in the APC gene. If the results are positive, closely related family members should be tested too. You should also be tested if colon cancer is hereditary, or if you have a history of more than

Imagine having an almost 100% chance of developing colon cancer. That is what people are told with Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) if they do not have their over 100 polyps, or growths, removed. FAP is a genetic disorder where normal cells that line your large intestine can grow into cancerous tumors. These tumors must be removed before they become cancerous. This disorder is passed down from parents on the APC gene which is on your fifth chromosome. If the APC gene is mutated you are more likely to develop these growths which lead to cancer in your lifetime. This disorder has an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern, which means if either parent has just one dominant mutated APC gene you have a 50% chance of inheriting it. Symptoms of FAP do not just include the growths in your colon. They can also include skin changes, osteomas or bone growths, and extra or missing teeth.

The National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) and the National Coalition for Health Professional Education in Genetics (NCHPEG) have expressed the need for the education of physicians about the ethical, legal and social implications (ELSI) related to Lynch Syndrome assessment, genetic testing and counseling (Metcalf, Tanner, Buchanan, 2010). To address this need, a local medical organization has called upon a health consultant and educator to conduct an educational assessment and training on Lynch Syndrome for primary care physicians and other healthcare professionals in their organization.

Obtaining a family history can link together past medical problems and can also reveal future problems that may need to be addressed. Identifying a problem before it occurs allows time for changes to be made and gives patients a better understanding of preventative care. In this paper, I am going to identify and three generation pedigree of my family, and provide a brief health history as well as a complete reproductive history of each family member. Next I will describe the ethnic background for each of these individuals and identify any growth and developmental variations they may possess. After this the state to what extent each family member understands the cause of their health problems and any questions may have about potential genetic risk will be addressed, finally I will describe what nursing intervention strategies the family health nurse should relate to my family based on the obtained assessment,

This was a peer reviewed journal article. The article identifies particular ethical, legal and social issues nurses encounter when incorporating new knowledge about genomic information into health-related practices. With the fast emerging development of new genomic technologies and discoveries, nursing education is imperative for delivering exceptional patient care. Therefore, nurses will also need to be able to answer challenging questions that surrounds this new evolution of an advanced healthcare. This article will give the group project an ideal glimpse of how science will continue to push forward while also enhancing nurses ability to deal with difficult ethical implications.

The sequencing of the human genome has a new approach to health care in regards to promotion, maintenance, and treatment. Genetic research is defined as a new approach to a better understanding of the genetic components of common diseases: Cancer, diabetes, stroke, and creating new gene-based technologies for screening, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of both rare and common diseases. Nurses are a main aspect within the first line of care, and therefore will contribute fully in genetic-based and genomic-based practice activities such as collecting family history, obtaining informed consent for genetic testing, and administering gene-based therapies. Lea, D, (January 31, 2008). My paper is based on an article Genomics in the public

genetic testing, everything has changed. She notes that clinicians now have the ability to diagnose, treat, and monitor a patient’s illnesses or disease progression in an entirely different manner. This is a far cry from the old medical model of responding to a disease (or defect) only after it appears, and then prescribing the recommended medication or intervention. These genetic medical advances sound miraculous and promising, but the ability to test, screen and provide early intervention does not come without many major ethical dilemmas.