Genetic Changes And Its Effects On Children

Neurodevelopmental test scores differ between both genders; preclinical evidence suggests a potential gender specific vulnerability for anesthetic neurotoxicity (86). Further, male gender is related to an increased incidence of PS and inguinal hernia repair (64, 65).

It is believed that faulty genes can cause some disorders that have a psychological effect. A way in which this can be tested is by doing studies on twins as they have the similar genetics. McGuffin et al did a study in 1996 where they compared 109 sets of twins in order to investigate how likely each twin was to develop depression. They looked at the concordance rates for depression in MZ and DZ twins, they expected that MZ twins either both have depression or neither have depression. So therefore its expected to find a higher concordance for depression in MZ twins that in DZ twins. The results showed that if one non identical twin developed depression that there was a 20% likelihood that the other would too, in identical twins this rose to 46%. This study therefore proves that genetics can have a massive impact on abnormality.

DNA modification could normalize disability in families, but the process is difficult and has many known and unknown consequences. Genetic modification has already proven successful in crops and animals. In humans it would allow DNA to function properly ultimately leading to healthy individuals. But it is possible that genetic modification may not be the answer and that improving the environment of DNA will allow DNA to function properly (Ghose). However, the process is more complicated. Changing one trait doesn’t just depend on the environment, it depends on dozens if not thousands of genes (Parry). Sheldon Krimsky, an expert on the topic says, "Even [for] height, one of the most heritable traits known, scientists have found at least 50 genes that account for only 2 to 3 percent of the variance in the samples," (Parry). If researchers and doctors were able to find a way around this problem, they could allow parents who couldn’t genetically give their child a healthy life the opportunity of developing a baby with disease or other medical conditions (Ghose). Currently there are laws against prenatal genetic modification, protecting people from the unknown consequences. Therefore, when it becomes allowed there will be trial and error runs that may result in unfortunate events. Not only will there will be potential consequences at birth, but there will be consequences further down the road.

"For the majority of conditions, what you've inherited is a susceptibility to a disease or condition," Dr Barlow-Stewart says. "To happen they need a triggering factor and, although we don't know what all these factors are, there are some like smoking and poor diet that we do

Imagine having a baby. You are completely in love with this baby. You watch him grow, learn to rollover, and say his first words. After getting to know this baby so well, and being in complete adoration, your precious 1 year old dies. Or what if you get to know your child for 12 years, but then you have to watch them die slowly from suffocation because their lungs have inflamed too much for them to breathe. This happens because of genetic disorders. The first example, SCIDs, second example, Cystic Fibrosis. Where do humans get these diseases? From human genes. Researchers are just beginning to use genetic technology to reveal the genomic contributions to these different phenotypes, and as they do so, they are also discovering a variety of other

People with a family history of a disease are more likely to get it. But, this is not always the case. Some people without any history of disorder in their family can still be at risk as well. Family history gives an idea if a person is more likely to get common disorders, including: heart disease, high blood pressure, strokes, cancers, and diabetes. Less common mutations on a single gene, like cystic fibrosis, can also be evaluated given a person’s family history (Inheriting Genetic Conditions 1). If natural selection is taken out of the equation for people that have diseases, then these genetic abnormalities get passed on. “Survival of the fittest” has always been the motto for Mother Nature. When medicine can cure or sustain a younger sick people’s lives for longer than biologically natural, they have an opportunity to reproduce. Reproduction for people with genetic diseases has possible negative consequences. The diseased individual passes on their mutated genetics to their offspring, who in turn pass it on to their offspring, and so on. Now, more humans have genetic problems than in the past. Down syndrome is a

an affected gene, and a normal gene, and being a disease carrier like their parents. Scientists

Genetic disorders are present from birth, but they may not be visibly seen until a later age. Some mutations could be heritable, or from your parents genes. Some forms of cancer can be inherited form a parent. Although, in most cases, these mutations are new changes to the DNA. “All humans have the same basic set of genes”. This means that everyone has the probability that they could get a genetic disorder. The thing that makes us different is the

Have you ever had a reaction to a medicine? Headaches, nausea, drowsiness and irritability are common side effects of both prescription and non-prescription medications. There are many reasons that people react to medications. Age, sex, weight and overall health are a few factors that affect how a drug reacts in your body.

Genetic disorders can also be hereditary and can be passed down from generation to generation. There are two types of genetic disorders, single gene and multigene. Single gene focuses specifically on one gene while multigene disorders affect multiple genes and there are more of them. Moreover, single gene disorders are far more numerous than generally assumed, and as a group, they are certainly not rare (Ropers, 2010). As stated by Hans-Hilger Roper, single gene disorders are more rare than many might think. The chances of being born with a certain genetic disorder could possibly range from 1 in 500 to 1 in 10 million. While these numbers for a single genetic disorder might not be significantly high, the tens of thousands diseases bundled together adds

Human genetics can play a major role in determining ones physical condition. One slight change in a genetic sequence can cause a disorder that can be life threating to the organism. Most of the genetic disorders are caused by recessive allele. In most cases this recessive allele is undetectable due to the disorder not being presented in the physical appearance. Hypercholesterolemia is an example of a human disorder controlled by a single gene. This human disorder causes high levels of cholesterol in an individual due to the absence of the low-density lipoproteins.

Something so pervasive that it can wipe out majority of the population if the right medical help is not provided. A large portion of these hereditary issues are brought on by recessive genes: where is takes two duplicates of the gene to really build up the fitness being referred to. However, if the individual has only one match of the gene we would consider that individual a carrier of the hereditary disease. When individuals are carriers for a specific disease they tend to not have any symptoms, at least nothing life threating. This shows that there is a great advantage to being a carrier, but keep in mind that you can still pass on this gene, and if one should mate with an individual who also is a carrier, a one (1) in two (2) chance of having trait, a one (1) in four (4) chance of having the actual disease, and a one (1) in four (4) chance of having no disease. [7] Though being a carrier can be a disadvantage in terms of passing on a disease, it can also serve as an advantage of helping one overcome symptoms or death from a another harmful disease. Reports demonstrated that there is a frequently favorable position to being a carrier for a portion of the high-pervasiveness disease when living in a particular environment. [7] This advantage keeps the gene circulating higher- than- normal rate inside a population, as the carriers have a favorable position over the individuals who have no trace of the hereditary mutation. We call this great benefit the Heterozygote Advantage: genotype has a higher relative wellness than either the homozygote predominant or homozygote recessive genotype. The particular instance of heterozygote advantage is due to a single locus known as over

Genetic disorder is a disease that caused by an abnormality in an individual’s DNA. Genetically inherited disorders has only been discovered within the past 150 years. The Incidence of new disorders in our society has led to change into societal attitudes to disease. Some disorders that affect multiple family members are caused by gene mutations (one or more genes) which can be inherited. There also other conditions that appear to run in families that are not caused by mutations. Which instead, environmental factors such as dietary habits or a combination of genetic and environmental factors that are responsible. Passing on mutations are known as monogenic conditions. Monogenic conditions can be inherited in three main ways; autosomal recessive

Genetics play a huge role on the development of children. Many people should consider their own overall personalities. How much of whom we are today was shaped by our genetic inheritance or is it something that we picked up as our lifetime experiences? Research has shown that genetics have played a role in learning disabilities. Then again, this is a complex territory to study subsequent to there is extraordinary variety in the number and sorts of handicaps. While learning handicaps have a tendency to run in families, their expression differs from the parent to the child. Kids who need aptitudes required for reading, for example listening to the different sounds to separate the words for understanding usually have a parent that shares the same disability. However genetics may play an important role on ones learning disability, one’s

Resident Evil, Andromeda, The Walking Dead, Guardians of the Galaxy, for people everywhere these names ring a bell, but what do these names share in common? They are all popular movies-shows-books titles, centered on genetically engineered humans, that are part of a much larger obsession with genetic modification. Take a stroll into the nearest Barnes and Nobles and in less than an hour one could procure enough books about genetically engineered humans to last their lifetime; that is if science doesn’t allow them to extend their life span another 50 years or so first. What’s with this obsession to create a superhuman, or to be able to choose our capabilities or the looks and smarts of the next generation? This acute fascination is precisely why I believe that alteration of the human genome should be approached with equanimity, not impulsivity. As of yet, we do not have the full information we need to be able to confidently progress forward the process of genetic alteration in humans. While researchers in the medical and science fields are finding themselves caught in the middle of a highly contentious ethical debate, movie makers and writers alike are lining their pockets undermining the possibilities that are teetering on the precipice of our fingertips. To approach this situation we have to be able to sort out what’s fact from what’s fiction. Currently, the rate of success is far too low