Genetic Diagnosis ( Pgd )

In the article “Selecting the Perfect Baby: The Ethics of “Embryo Design,” is an article about a married couple, name Larry and June Shannon. They have a daughter, four years old, name Sally, who is diagnosed with Fanconi Anemia. Therefore, the Shannons are getting help from a research team, to find the perfect bone marrow transplant for Sally. The Shannon couple is also interested in having another child and they are aware of the risks and odds of success. However, a PGD process has to be performed and the couple must undergo an IVF procedure more than once, before the implantation is successful, to be able to produce a healthy full-term baby.

Purdy defends surrogate mothering from a consequentialist point of view. Her case is founded on two premises: firstly, that surrogacy is favourable (that is, it brings about pleasure and reduces pain), and secondly, that the practice is only non-traditional and not morally reprehensible. She thus concludes that "appealing to the sacrosanctity of traditional marriage or of blood ties to prohibit otherwise acceptable practices that would satisfy people 's desires hardly makes sense", and thus, surrogacy should be permissible (Purdy, 1999).

Have you ever wanted a child? For those that are not dealing with pregnancy, this is a very simple question, that can be answered with only a, “Yeah, having one wold be neat in the future,” or, “No thanks, I don’t really like kids,” But what about those that are pregnant? Having this question of whether or not someone truly wants a child or not can be very complicated for those that maybe aren’t financially stable, have been sexually assaulted and the child is a result of that, or maybe, its just that the person isn’t ready. For those that are not equipped for such a task of responsibility, what would they do? There are several possible options that could be done for those that do not want to have children, or for those that are pregnant but

Jessie Quinn and Gregg Gordon were diagnosed with an acute myeloid leukemia that is the type of blood cancer with a fast progression (Berger, 2016). Besides the courses of chemotherapy and radiation, they both needed a bone-marrow transplant. Jessie Quinn did not get the match because of her mixed racial heritage. Berger states that the same situation happened with Gregg Gordon – no perfect donor match. In addition, Berger tells that a patient’s likelihood of finding a donor match on their registry ranges from 66 to 97 percent, depending on ethnic background.

Another case that was mentioned in the book is Kim Goodsell. She was diagnosed with two rare diseases called Charcot-Marie-Tooth, Type 2 and arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia. None of her family members showed signs of either diseases, therefore, her case was found to have a rare chance of 4 in 10,000,000. Although, her doctor considered it as a “just a bad luck” case, she ended up finding a rare mutation of a gene called LMNA in her DNA sequence. Kim was able to change her diet and alleviate her symptoms.

This abnormality is caused by a gene translocation

preimplantation genetic diagnosis. Saving Henry is directed at an audience of the same class as

There are worse problems than not knowing whom their donor parent is, though. Lots of donor children grow up not knowing that they have a greater chance of having a medical problem. To donate, a person does not have to take any certain tests. They just have to show up and if their sperm or eggs look fine the hospital staff take it. “Regardless of socioeconomic status, donor offspring are twice as likely as those raised by biological parents to report problems with the law before age 25. They are more than twice as likely to report having struggled with substance abuse. And they are about 1.5 times as likely to report depression or other mental health problems,” said Karen Clark, an investigator. Not only are donor children more likely to get into problems with the law, they are more likely to get into problems dealing with their health. That is why donor children and their parents, the ones who raised them, should be allowed to know who the donor parent is.

Saviour sibling practice is medically proven to be successful in curing the affected child and all the procedures involved are safe for both the child and the donor. In 1989, the Ayalas family attempted to create a saviour child that could provide stem cells for their child, Anissa, who had leukemia. Marissa Ayala was then conceived and she was a perfect match for her older sister thus, bone marrow transplant was done and it was successful. It was then reported that today, “Marissa is now a happy and healthy teenager, who was cherished and held dear by her parents as they promised she would be.”2

The Ayala Case presented in Case 2 from Chapter nine explains that Anissa “was diagnosed with chronic myelogenous leukemia (174),” at the age of sixteen. None of Anissa’s family members or candidates from the National Marrow Donor Program was a match with her bone marrow. The only option left was for Anissa’s parents to conceive a child with compatible bone marrow. “…The odds of having a child that could save Anissa’s life (175)” were only 6.4%. Against the low odds, Anissa’s parents had a child named Marissa-Eve that was compatible with Anissa’s bone marrow. At fourteen months, Marissa-Eve’s “bone marrow was used in a transplant to save Anissa’s life. Anissa’s life expectancy surpassed the original numbers she was given, which was three to

genetic testing, everything has changed. She notes that clinicians now have the ability to diagnose, treat, and monitor a patient’s illnesses or disease progression in an entirely different manner. This is a far cry from the old medical model of responding to a disease (or defect) only after it appears, and then prescribing the recommended medication or intervention. These genetic medical advances sound miraculous and promising, but the ability to test, screen and provide early intervention does not come without many major ethical dilemmas.

The author’s experience of donating eggs to an infertile couple was life-changing to her point-of-view of new life and the reader’s knowledge of egg donation. At the end of her story, I started to agree the author’s perspective of giving her eggs to someone else. During the story, I noticed that she started to worry about the health of the unborn child and donating eggs takes a long process by checking her health and injecting many needles to her body. In addition, she does not want to let the couples down because they wanted a child of their own and cannot do it without her eggs. My personal belief about egg donation is almost the same as a child adoption. Beginning of the process is where the couples find the right egg donor like a perfect

C. Thesis: Although not an ideal medium for harvesting, and will not replace other types of stem cell sources, umbilical cord blood should be an integral part of the blood/tissue bank repertoire.

If Lisa conceived this child naturally, it would have a 25% chance of developing the condition also.

Because Harrison has an antibody in his blood that helps cure severe anemia, he was able to save countless number of babies dying from this disease. His blood was considered