Genetic Factors Associated With Melanoma

The American Society of Clinical Oncology explains that Familial melanoma is a genetic or inherited condition where the risk of melanoma can be passed from generation to generation (ASCO). Therefore, if both of your parents are at risk for melanoma, you automatically are too. They go on to state that familial melanoma also refers to families in which two or more first-degree relatives have melanoma (ASCO). When a type of melanoma is referred to as familial melanoma, know that this means someone has a risk or has developed melanoma because of their genetic relations to someone with the risk or with melanoma. The American Society of Clinical Oncology explains this gene mutation by stating, “a parent with a gene mutation may pass along a copy of his or her normal gene or a copy of the gene with the mutation. Therefore, a child who has a parent with a mutation has a 50% chance of inheriting that mutation. A brother, sister, or parent of a person who has a mutation also has a 50% chance of having the same mutation” (ASCO). Parents with the melanoma gene mutation have a 50% chance of giving it to their child, if the child does receive this mutation, they too, have a 50% chance of passing it to their offspring. However, in recent years, studies have made it possible for parents carrying this gene to not pass it on to their children. Scientists discovered a

The skin is the body's greatest organ, and it serves as a guarding deterrent. Its wellbeing and surface appearance are controlled by common components and furthermore the limit of the parts that incorporate the layers underneath

Have you ever wondered what the less common cancer that hits our skin is? This type of cancer is called Malignant Melanoma. According to the “American Cancer Society” “Malignant Melanoma are from moles that don’t make enough melanin and do make melanin from the skin (2015). From the “American Cancer Society “says that “UV Rays from the sunlight is another type that does cause Malignant Melanoma”(2015). “American Cancer Society” say that the Melanocytes are protected by the dermis, the deepest layer of the skin (2015). From the “American Cancer Society” “Estimates that over 76,830 about 46,870 men and 29,510 women will get diagnose and about 10,130 about 6,750 men and 29,510 women will die from melanoma (2015). Cancer Society statistics states that the most common to find the cancer in is white than African Americans and the average age is 63 and the common in the younger to find this type of cancer is 30 (American

A person may either be born with genetic mutations in all of their cells or acquire a genetic mutation in a single cell during his or her lifetime. Most melanomas (about 90%) are considered sporadic, meaning that the damage to the genes occur by chance after a person is born and there is no risk of passing on the gene to a person’s children. An increased risk of melanoma is sometimes called familial melanoma. An inherited risk of melanoma is suspected if 2 or more melanoma is suspected if 2 or more first-degree relative (parent, brothers, sisters) are diagnosed with melanoma. Many people who have an increased risk of melanoma never develop the disease; only 10% of melanoma is familial.

There is a higher chance of you being diagnosed with melanoma if you have fair skin, a history of sunburn, excessive UV light exposure, if you live closer to the equator or are at a higher elevation, have a large quantity of

Congenital means that it is present at birth, it is not hereditary. Melanocytic means that it is pigment-based on the surface of our skin. And Nevus can just mean birthmark, it can sometimes be used for describing a mole. Congenital melanocytic nevi are brown-to-black patches of skin that start at birth. Congenital melanocytic nevi also go by: “hairy birthmark”, “giant mole”, and “swimming trunk nevus”. Congenital melanocytic nevi are benign, tumor-like deformities that are caused from faulty development of pigment cell (melanocyte) precursors in the embryo, and made up of a mixture of elements in the skin. Anybody of all races and colors of skin can be affected with giant congenital melanocytic nevi. However, there is a slight more chance

Some of these symptoms are losing weight without any reason, feeling pain in the places which are infected, changes in the moles like getting bigger, changing their color, bleeding, looking crusty inflamed, and loss their symmetry the two halves of the moles do not look the same. In some cases There are specific reasons increased the possibility to be affected called risk factors. There are several risk factors causing melanoma, such as weakened immune system, sun exposure, skin type, family history, and the number of the atypical moles, yet the commonest cause is sun exposure. Moreover, atypical moles, which known as (dysplastic nevi), are the start of melanoma. In addition, family history is very important because if someone has any member of the family has a melanoma, even in the past this makes the possibility to be affected

Epidermis – This is the elastic outside layer that is continually being regenerated. It has the Keratinocytes, which is the main cell formed by cell division at its base. The new cells will move from the base to the surface and the old cells will die and flatten. The corneocytes or the stratum corneum or horny layer is the protective layer of the skin that continually is worn away or shed. The melanocytes give the skin its color and produces the pigment melanin that protect the skin against the UV

Epidermis, which is the most superficial part of your skin. It provides waterproofing, protection and secretions to regulate temperature as well it contains melanocytes which produce melanin that pigments your skin. Dermis, the layer deep to the epidermis, contains blood vessels, sensory nerves and accessory organs. Hypodermis, the deepest layer of skin, attaches itself to the underlying muscle.

The skin is made up of 2 main layers called the Dermis and the epidermis. The

The skin is the largest organ in the body and there are four primary tissues that make up the organs of our bodies are muscle, nervous, epithelial, and connective tissues. Of these four tissues, two are responsible for the formation of skin. Epithelial and connective tissues make up the layers of the skin. The epithelial and connective tissues have different functions, however they both make up the layers of the skin.The epidermis is the epithelial tissue layer of the skin while the dermis is the connective tissue layer.

The skin is one of the most important organs of the body because it protects the body from outer dangers, like, bacteria that can cause infections. There are many structures that compose the skin, such as, the epidermis layer is the first layer of the skin that is made of keratinized stratified squamous epithelial cells and has no blood supply, and therefore it gets its nutrients through diffusion. This layer has many layers before it reaches the second layer of the skin. The deepest layer is called the stratum basale, this layer has a row of stem cells that are the most mitotic and nourished out of all the layers of the epidermis. When the mitotic basal cells divide, one of the keratinocytes daughter cells continue into the second deepest layer of

This gene codes for an enzyme that enables error-free cellular replication by “bypassing” UV-induced damage, thymine dimers. Individuals with XP, that have the variant type of XP, have mutations on this hRAD30 gene which results in impaired replication of UV-damaged DNA and have a higher chance of getting diagnosed with UV-induced skin cancers.

It is often recognized that skin pigment is associated with skin cancer risks as more melanin in the skin can help to protect individuals from sun damage. Though it is less understood, it has also been hypothesized that eye color could have implications about an individual’s susceptibility to skin cancer. This topic will be discussed below in regards to which genes are involved in both eye color and possible skin cancer risks. Furthermore, when it comes to understanding albinism, it important to recognize that not only is skin pigment influenced, but also eye-color and hair-color, thus it becomes apparent that iris pigment

Skin itself is make up of several layers and is important for several reasons. Functions of the skin