Genetic Polymorphism Lab Report

other intense tests can be done to make the diagnosis much clearer such as Doppler echocardiogram, this uses sound waves to show the function of the right ventricle to measure the blood flow through the heart valves, and then calculate the systolic pulmonary artery pressure. There is also an X-ray, this is done on the chest. This can show any increase or decrease in size of the right ventricle and arteries. A simpler test such as the 6-minute walk test, this controls exercise patience level and blood oxygen saturation level during exercise. There is also a Pulmonary function test, this seeks for other lung conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis compared to others. Also there is a 'Polysomnogram or overnight oximetry', this monitors sleep apnea (results in low oxygen levels at night). Also a right heart catheterization, this measures various heart pressures ( inside the pulmonary arteries, coming from the left side of the heart), the rate at which the heart is able to pump blood, and finds any leaks between the right and left sides of the heart.

Basically the article claims that everyone is impacted by genetic testing, either positively or negatively. There are many potential benefits which can arise as a result of genetic testing such as individuals that are identified as carrying potentially harmful genetic alterations can receive regular

The Effect of Natural Selection, Heterozygote Advantage, and Genetic Drift on the Allele Frequencies Over Time

Also, diagnostic lab testing is done from blood and skin samples of progeria children to take a close look at the DNA.

Genetic screening in newborns isn’t uncommon in today’s time. New screenings are done daily to show if there are any lifelong disorders (New York State). If there is an early recognition treatment can be started early and help the child live a better life. The type of disorders and the heritance are different in every state (Starkweather, 2017). Monitoring newborns and disorders are important because it can sometimes be treated. Testing is done on all newborns in New York State.

tests that can be done to help diagnose and treatment options because of the importance of

You can either be a homozygote which is when you have two copies of the same gene or you can heterozygote which is when you have one copy of each gene

The test uses gene sequencing technology to spot traces of DNA related to different cancers in screen blood samples. To be precise, it looks at 96 genetic markers associated with breast, ovarian, lung, colon and melanoma cancers - ones that have specific treatment regimens and are well known. Many cancer

The testing looks for variations within large segments across the totality of genetic material both within and outside the known functional genes of a person. For ex, if its cancer, the testing is done on the cancer tumor itself. This testing provides you and your doctor specific information on how this particular tumor is behaving – whether it is destructive and needs aggressive treatment or is it smaller one and growing at a slower pace and needs milder treatment.

through several test the entire body of the person can be checked for what is

In recent decades the advancements achieved in bioengineering have helped us develop a better understanding of the origins from which humans and other living creatures spur. The discovery of the Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the key to all bioengineering. The DNA is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms and some viruses. The main role of DNA molecules is the long-term storage of information. An allele is one of two or more forms of the DNA sequence of a particular gene. Each gene can have different alleles. Sometimes different alleles can result in different traits. Occasionally different DNA sequences of alleles will have the same

c)a prenatal blood test to determine if unborn baby has it and how severe it is likely to be

Currently, there are four prenatal diagnosis techniques used. The first, and safest method, is an ultrasound. It is noninvasive and can assess and evaluate gestational age, fetal position, growth, development, and any structural birth defects. When performed by highly skilled operators, abnormalities can be detected with as high as 90% accuracy (IOM 1994).

Genetic Polymorphism is caused by the deletions, mutation, duplication of the triplication of the high quantity of the DNA base pairs sequences. It may also caused by changes inside the introns.

SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphism or simple nucleotide polymorphism) are a common type of genetic variation among human being. A SNP is a variation in a single nucleotide which may occur at some specific position in the genome, where each variation is present to some appreciable degree (>1%) within a population (Scitable). A SNP may involve the replacement of the nucleotide in a position in the DNA molecule. In the human genome there are approximately 10 million SNPs, once in every 300 nucleotides. These dissimilarities are found usually in the DNA amongst genes. They act like biological indicators which help