Genetic Theory, Social Role Theory And Social Construction Theory

Talcott Parsons’s sex role theory was based and structured according to a more traditional family structure in that the man was the work-oriented contributor (breadwinners) and the women was the domestically oriented partner (housewives) of the man ensuring the home, children and day to day household functions were tended to. In retrospect this structure was seen to produce future laborers who became contributing members of society which is all part of a capitalist system (Conley, 2013).

Mate choice is a product of mate preferences form in the environment of evolutionary adaptiveness (EEA). Sexual selection suggests that females prefer males who they can gain benefits from such as gifts. This is shown in male birds who make nests for females in order to mate with them and also in insects who give nuptial gifts.

In his article, The Strategies of Finding a Mate, David M. Buss discusses the act of finding a mate and the characteristics that people are drawn to in a mate. He begins the article with a brief look at the history of mating and the theories that have previously been proposed. In particular he addressed Charles Darwin’s theory of sexual evolution and belief in preferential mate choice. Buss proposes that there are three components to human mating. He states that “human mating is inherently strategic… mating strategies are context-dependent… [and that] men and women have faced different mating problems over the course of human evolution and, as a consequence, have evolved different strategies” (Buss, 1994, p. 241). He uses this theory to propose nine different hypotheses to prove that despite humans being varied and different from each other, all humans look for similar characteristics when trying to find a mate (Buss, 1994).

This essay aims to show a comparison between the differences between both female short-term mating strategies and female long-term mating strategies. It will explore the evolution of psychology that has shown reasons for human mating and how these reasons go above and beyond the general idea of physical attractiveness and love. This essay will identify how mate preferences have evolved and further identify psychological mechanisms that women have used to select their mates over the past. This essay will compare and critically discuss the differences and outline them between female short-term mating strategies and female long-term mating

A woman’s only job is to stay at home, take care of her family, and pleasure her man. What is a man’s job? “Men, they do everything,” quoted a fellow male classmate, “Men get the real money.” But it is the twenty-first century! Women are no longer expected to stay at home; they have taken roles as teachers, doctors, C.E.O.s, part of the military, and the list goes on. As for men, it is now acceptable for them to stay at home, take care of their families or even become nannies and nurses. Will Meek, creator of website “Psychology of Men”, defined gender role as a set of attitudes, behaviors, and self-presentation methods ascribed to members of a certain biological sex. Gender roles have changed throughout the course of American history;

Gender roles is a problem that takes place in both the workplace, domestic conditions, and society. Often signified through the age-old stereotype. That men are required of the more "challenging" or more "advanced" jobs, while women restrict themselves to the less grueling and less beneficial positions. Terms such as "that 's a man 's job" is a leading cause of inequality in the workplace. Not to mention, gender roles and standards are set in the homes of many families everywhere. The so-called "picture perfect family" situation; the husband goes to work while the wife stays home to tend to the children. While romanticized as ideal, this concept is the very essence of a patriarchal society. Meanwhile, the brutally vicious society we live in often berates women 's self-esteems in more way than one. Stereotypes of beauty, or who are skinny, pretty, white, and wealthy, are unfortunately the ideal standard of women and

Riann Anderson and Madison Lash based their presentation of an article titled, Female Guppies with Bigger Brains Pick more Attractive Guys. The article hypothesized that the females with the bigger brains would choose males with the larger fins, more color, and one with the elaborate dances. “In order for you( in reference to the female guppies) you have to have a level of large brain power”, said Lash. The idea of females choosing the more attractive male correlates to the scientific concept of sexual selection, the idea that mates choose particular traits because those will help them in the environment. A great deal of the females with bigger brains wanted the more attractive mates, because essentially the more aesthetically pleasing males

J. 2006). This argument combines behavioural solution to problems such as deciding a high quality mate, with psychological mechanisms produces behaviour. There is no explanation assuming that same psychological mechanism cannot produce various behaviours that solved distinct problems. For example, the domain general “mechanism” of social learning, involving observations of role models through imitations of the observed behaviour. Such as, a female employs social learning in selecting an item. She observes her parents selecting an item, and she does the same. If she switches problems domains to the selection of mate, the mechanism of social learning would not guide her to discover a mate. Instead, it would guide her to look and imitate mate-selection behaviour of female role models; leading to the achievement of mate-selection criteria that are particular to the problem domain of choosing a mate. The domain-general mechanism of social learning will generate behavioural solutions to each problem domain in which it operates. This illustrates the domain-general learning mechanism operates on domain specific inputs, creating information specific to those inputs; in order to generate

Crime is a socially created existence that contains deficiencies of any equitable principles that demarcate into existence rather than being revealed. Social construction means that humans have recognized a phenomenon; characterized and labeling it to some interpretive statute that transcribes the differentiations and likenesses contained by the objects or people while classified. Many categorization patterns are not subjective; otherwise, attempting to make sense of classification would be impossible. Categories have analytical and significant denotations and are utilized to execute the order on the variety of social experiences. Gender, race, and class construct the experiences of all individuals. These facts are extensively acknowledged and ordinarily understood.

When the adolescents were rating the different characteristics the results were as followed, boys rated attractiveness higher than the girls and social status wasn’t important to either group. In the vignette portion of the research, when the social status and the attractiveness were displayed on pictures, it showed that both groups found attractiveness important. Social status was only important for the boys when the mate was attractive and the girls found social status was important whether attractive or not. Lastly, as stated by Ha (2009) “self-perceived mate value moderated the relationship between attractiveness and dating desire for both boys and girls.” Also stated be Ha (2009) “adolescents who perceived themselves as having high mate value showed more dating desire if the other person was attractive compared to adolescents who perceived themselves as having a lower mate value.”

Men are believed to be more promiscuous as they are genetically designed to reproduce as many offspring as possible (Stainton & Stainton, 2001). Women on the other hand, are attracted to a limited amount of sexual partners as they have a gestation period of nine months and so they look for a mate that is the most suitable in providing for them (Stainton & Stainton,

A paradigm is a set of beliefs or assumptions that create the reality for a group. The values, moras, and habits, all of which are socially constructed, create the reality for the group. The theory of social construction is a theory that knowledge is constructed by humans for human use. We communicate using rhetoric, allowing others to see into those socially constructed ideas or paradigms. Rhetoric is the ability to ascertain and analyze, in any given context, the available means of persuasion. Persuasion is necessary to convince the audience of one’s paradigms. The play, Angels In America, by Tony Kushner, focuses on two relationships that interconnect throughout the entire play. Kushner informs the reader of a typical dismal life of someone with AIDS during the Reagan and Bush eras. During this desperate time, self-interest overtakes everything else, allowing the power dynamics to become even more clear and powerful. This hierarchy is socially constructed, but sets the reality for the unfortunate, marginalized lives of most of those contracted with AIDS. Through the writing technique, ASAAP, I will establish the act, scene, agent, agency, and purpose for each example. This fully explains each act literally and figuratively, so one is able to fully comprehend the meaning behind each act.

Many researchers believe that certain human traits act as a signpost, advertising the fact that the individual has good genes, or is healthy, or just generally great. As such, finding these traits attractive will result in mating with healthy individuals with good genes. Then evolution kicks in, and the advantages of being attracted to these traits (and possessing them) spread throughout our population until it’s a ubiquitous characteristic of humanity. This is sexual selection. The current study set out firstly to investigate whether the optimum level of men’s facial hair growth and vocal pitch might differ depending on whether we assess attractiveness or dominance. Second, the investigate whether the 2 traits might interact in their effects on attractiveness ratings, such that, for example, higher levels of masculinity in one trait might offset lower levels in the other

Another evolutionary explanation of gender development is mate choice, which suggests that gender role behaviours are related to reproductive strategies. It is thought that men will look for women who are young whereas women are usually more interested in the resources of a mate. This can be explained from an evolutionary perspective as mating with a physically attractive woman

In her paper on the biological differences in cognition between men and women, Doreen Kimura suggests that the social differences between genders arose out of biological necessity (Kimura 46). Even so, it is difficult to argue that social factors do play a large part in gender in society today. A closer look at both biological and social perspectives will reveal more about the processes that determine gender roles.