Geocentric Theory During The Scientific Revolution

The Scientific Revolution brought a new way of thinking about the universe, and brought an end to Europe’s medieval past. Many scientists have devoted their lives to creating new ideas about the physical universe. These scientists created the assumption that the universe and nature are governed by mathematical laws. Each of the three scientists, Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler, and Isaac Newton contributed to the breakdown of the medieval world view. Nicolaus Copernicus thought past the idea of a geocentric universe, and established the idea of a heliocentric theory, or a sun-centered universe. Johannes Kepler presented the idea of an ellipse, otherwise known as the planets following an oval shaped orbit, and not a perfect circle. Finally,

Claudius Ptolemy and Nicholas Copernicus were two famous astronomers known for their opposing views of the universe. Ptolemy founded the Ptolemaic system, which stated that the Earth was at the center of the universe. His idea was also known as the geocentric theory. The geocentric theory stated that the Earth was in the center of the universe, standing still, while all the other planets and stars revolved around it. The lack of scientific knowledge led his theory to be widely accepted. The Copernican theory, which revolved around a heliocentric idea, claimed that the sun was at the center of the universe, while the planets, including Earth, circled around it. His idea was not widely popular because of the already accepted propositions with

The Scientific Revolution changed society with the birth of “modern science”; it changed the way people thought about the physical world around them. The same spirit of inquiry that fueled the Renaissance, led scientists to question traditional beliefs about the workings of the universe. The conflict all began with Copernicus’ heliocentric model being introduced to the world- going against the Church’s traditional teachings. Nicolaus Copernicus developed the heliocentric model of the universe- stating that the sun is the center, and that other planets revolve around it. Despite his calculations, people disagreed and kept on believing in Ptolemy’s geocentric model.

Copernicus published "On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres" in 1543 , sparking off the scientific revolution and a new era of astronomical thought. This theory explains that the sun, not the Earth, is the center of the solar system and planets move in a circular motion around it. This had many social, intellectual and religious made of huis idea. For instance, this theory brought into question the strict reading of the Bible and philosophies of the Catholic Church.

PBS Interview on Italian and Northern Renaissance The Italian Renaissance, in the 1300s and 1600s, is more significant than the Northern Renaissance, which started after the Italian Renaissance was in countries North of Italy. The reason that the Italian Renaissance was more significant was because it was portrayed as a reintroduction to classic arts and large discoveries, as compared to the Northern Renaissance which had many religious changes and technical advances. The Italian Renaissance was centered around the rebirth of classic Roman and Greek arts and studies.

When writing an essay, different drafts are created that can change the original idea on what the essay should be about multiple times. The same is true for many different things; including the views on the structure of the universe and Earth’s place in it. Many different people have studied and come up with idea about the universe, but two people who challenged what they were told and changed everyone’s minds were Copernicus, and Galileo.

The Scientific Revolution was during the 16th and 17th centuries, in which new astronomy changed many peoples thought the process and the methods within society. The Revolution was a major milestone in the mental evolution of man and is responsible for the change of science as we know it today. Nicolaus Copernicus and Isaac Newton were two of many intellectuals who made a major contribution to the changing of thoughts, methods and challenged the inspirational viewpoint of the Catholic church with logical reasoning during these times. Nicolaus Copernicus is a Polish astronomer, who put forth the heliocentric theory that the sun lies at the center of the universe and the planets revolve around the sun (Sheila Rabin "Nicolaus Copernicus (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)."). His theory challenged the geocentric view of the universe, in which other astronomers believed the earth was the center of the solar system, and the planets and sun revolved around it.

To begin the explanation of the Scientific Revolution (1543-1815), you must first remember the Renaissance and it’s creation of new idealism and thought. The Renaissance opened many doors for modern society like the invention of the printing press, modernized art, and humanism. The Renaissance also strayed away from religious ideals. This stray away led to the switch in geocentric theory, to heliocentric theory. Before the Scientific Revolution, many Renaissance philosophers such as Aristotle and Ptolemy believed that the earth was centered at the very heart of the universe, but it wouldn't be until the Scientific Revolution that philosophers like Copernicus and Galilei would

The Scientific Revolution is the qualitative jump in sciences in the 17th century. New discoveries in natural science, engineering, geography rejected many traditional ideas and a common picture of the world. Aristotle, Claudius Ptolemy, and Christian Theology represented the universe as geocentric conception where the earth was motionless and in the center of concentric spheres. (479) Such representation was supported till Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543) argued Ptolemy's conception and suggested heliocentric understanding. His conception opened the Earth as a planet where the moon took place as Earth's satellite and the sun was the center of planets. Also as Copernicus, Tycho Brahe and Johannes Kepler disagreed with Ptolemy's geocentric system. Based on the Brahe's work, Kepler came to conclusions that each planet moves in an ellipse and were able to calculate relations between planets' size and

3. How did Petrarch’s writing in the early Renaissance differ from most writing from the Middle Ages?

Nicolaus Copernicus was an astronomer who arose the Heliocentric Theory which caused the scientific revolution. Copernicus discoveries were very important, and impacted science to this day. Copernicus constructed his data from his astronomical observations of sun-centered cosmology. The Heliocentric theory is the belief that the sun is in the center of the universe and all the planets revolve around it. The Heliocentric Theory contradicts The Geocentric. “Copernicus's heliocentric solar system named the sun, rather than the earth, as the center of the solar system”. (http://www.biography.com/).

Ideas in science, especially astronomy and human anatomy, changed how many viewed man and led to a path of enlightenment. One example of the variation in science was the shift from a geocentric to a heliocentric universe. Pre-renaissance the Catholic Church conveyed that the center of the universe was earth. At the time, arguing with the church was considered a sin, so rarely did anyone try to contradict this idea. The geocentric viewpoint had been long affirmed until Nicolaus Copernicus, a Polish astronomer, reversed this idea, solely based off of mathematics and observations. Promptly after during the Renaissance, scholars studied Ptolemy and realized the idea that the center of the universe was actually the sun, not the earth. The heliocentric doctrine that Copernicus came up with was first denied because the Catholic church had claimed the earth, and humans, were at the center of everything, and the universe revolves around man. This was a real epiphany to people at the time because it made them rethink that perhaps without them being the center of the universe they aren't the most important things. This helped to expand means, though out of just religion and themselves. These ideas changed how many viewed man because it was proven that humans were not the center of the

Humans have always wondered what the universe looks like. Creating theories and refuting against themselves, by the 16th century, the geocentric view of the universe was the most accepted assumption of what the universe looks like. Copernicus and Galileo were two who challenged the theory and convinced the world that the geocentric view is, in fact, wrong. In other words, they decided to fight against the societal oppression of a widely accepted concept to create a controversy that changed the way everyone looked at the universe. By this, that individuals change their minds when given logical reasoning and scientific evidence can be implied, although unhurriedly, regardless of how popular and supported the knowledge is.

The desire for learning more about the world and how it worked helped scientists such as Galileo and Copernicus discover and develop new ideas. Before Copernicus stated that the earth moved around the sun people believed that the earth was the center of the universe. Not many scientists took notice of Copernicus’ ideas. When Galileo heard about his theory he became devoted to it. He improved the telescope and found out that what people thought at

The Copernican Revolution involves the exchange of a “geocentric” worldview to a “heliocentric” view and is inseparably linked to the “scientific revolution” of the seventeenth century movement that represents a renewal of all scientific knowledge of the time. Contrary to popular belief, the “idea that the Earth was round” was written by many ancient Greek texts, and was supported by many philosophers such as Aristotle, Plato, Pythagoras, Archimedes, Eratosthenes and Ptolemy, among others. (Cohen, 30) During the