Geography Sba

In site one there was a high proportion of very unspherical rocks. According to this the hypothesis is right, in site two there is a lot more smother rocks medium sized and in site 3 there are very small pebbles which are very smooth and spherical. The pebbles get smoother and rounder while it goes downstream. Due to us only taking about 10 rocks our result may have been not right as there were some pebbles which were largely over sized. Most of the other load is dissolved by solution such as limestone and chalk

With our observation of the Shawangunk formation, we see a sedimentary rock formation containing a range of grain size. Such sizes range from pebbles (3cm-5cm), fine-grain sand, and medium-grain sand. There is some grading towards the bottom left of the outcrop known as a reverse grading with some small cross beds present (Figure 2). The grading occurs towards a slight part of the outcrop where we see the grading beginning as fine grain sediments and working up to coarser grain. With moderate sorting we see variations of degree of sorting per bed. As the degree of sorting varies as does the sphericity. The sediment bedding is well seen ranging in sizes of +/--20 cm to 40 cm. This outcrop has thick beds as one can see the basic units with cracks in between each (Figure 3). With mostly tabular beds consisting of sub-angular, and sub-rounded sediments, this outcrop also consists of some ventricular beds (Figure 4). When looking at figure 4, we have a small space of a ventricular bed present. This is because the bed comes in, pinches thicker bedding,

A smooth mountain rock surface enhances runoff because it is freeway passage without any chance of retaining any sediments. Other rough rock surfaces alternatively hinder runoff by retaining materials thus less runoff.

Next, these rocks undergo erosion, which is the process of moving sediments from one place to another. Then, these sediments are deposited all at one place and over time they start to converge and cement as layers which are also known as strata. As time keeps going, new sediments deposit and cement together over old ones forming new layers. This is a repetitive process that eventually build up layers to make up a Sedimentary rock. Approximately 40 major sedimentary rock layers exposed in the Grand Canyon National Park area range in age from about 200 million to nearly 2 billion years old. As you can see, sedimentary rock formation takes an excessive amount of time.

There are six different types of water erosion: splash erosion, sheet erosion, rill erosion, gully erosion, valley or stream erosion, and bank erosion. Splash erosion is when raindrops hit soil and small soil particles are displaced. Sheet erosion is when raindrops remove soil in thin layers. During rill erosion, small concentrated flow paths are created. “These paths create a sediment source and delivery system for hillslope erosion. Areas where precipitation rates exceed soil infiltration rates are more prone to this type of erosion. During gully erosion, water flows in narrow channels during or after heavy rains or melting snow. The gullies can erode to considerable depths. Valley or stream erosion is created by water flowing alongside land. It extends downward, deepening a valley, and extending the valley into the hillside. This occurs more frequently

Starved rock and St. Peter Sandstone are an erosional remnant of Ordovician period. These remnants contain Pennsylvanian clastics that survived the washing out of the Illinois River at the end of the Ice Age. Evidence for swift, turbulent, and deep water includes gravel bars and erosional features as high as 160 feet above the current level of the river, massive cross bedded sand, and gravel deposits along the river course.

One major way Connecticut got its shape was from glaciation. For example, glaciation formed Jobs Pond. Jobs Pond is a giant kettle hole, which is a depression caused by the impact of a massive chunk of ice, or a glacier. According to The Mystery Of Jobs Pond, geologists and hydrologists the water level rises and falls with the groundwater level in the area, because porous sand and gravel make up the bottom of the pond. A kettle hole is formed by a glacier, so glaciation formed Jobs Pond. Another landscape formed by glaciation is recessional moraines. A recessional moraine is a pile of rocks left behind when a glacier recedes, or moves back. As a glacier moves, it picks up rocks in a process called plucking. Then, as the glacier starts to melt, it recedes. As it does this it drops off rocks, forming a recessional moraine. Recessional moraines, formed from glaciation, are found all along the Connecticut shoreline.

The land is uplifted crust blocks that form parallel ranges but surface water doesn’t run to the ocean. Instead, it evaporates over time leaving a salt flat.

Explain how the type of rock can affect the formation of stalactites when impacted with rainfall in Princess Margaret Rose Cave?

Wakulla Springs is one of the largest and deepest freshwater springs in the world. The spring flow rate is about two hundred million gallons of water a day. The water flow of the springs develops at the caves of the Florida Aquafers. The water then forms the Wakulla River and flows 9 miles southeast. After flowing 9 miles the Wakulla River joins the St. Marks River. The St. Marks River then empties out into the Gulf of Mexico at the Apalachee Bay. Part of the Wakulla Springs water system is the Wakulla underwater cave system. The Wakulla- Leo Sink cave system is the longest underwater cave system in the United States (Friends of Wakulla Springs).

“Drainage patterns, the hilliness of the ground, the range of soils, the nature of the bedrock,

As this river of ice moved slowly over the hidden rocks, the base of the glacier grazed millions of sediments in the Earth. The after math composed of soil, pebbles, cobbles and boulders that pushed forward, smashing rocks into glacial dust. Then the climate began to warm. Melted water from the glaciers carried the soils and rocks away from the dissolving glacier, depositing its leftovers throughout the landscape. This combination of soils and rocks deposited. Then low hills, or moraines, were created across the state. Michigan's glacial drift averages 200 to 300 feet. The scraping of boulders created particles. The heaviest pieces formed ridges, which made the stream's flow in a certain direction. Lighter materials were carried further, dropping on the way as the flowing water slowed. These materials dried forming enormous, flat colored areas of sand, silt, clay creating a mixture called the outwash plains. The weight of the glacier over the Michigan basin was dropping, and the Earth began to recoil, like a sponge coming back to its original shape. The Michigan landscape began to appear. Plants began to approach on the shriveled landscape. Individual plants found a suitable growing environment near each other, which created a suitable home for

The Ellicott City flood was destructive because it was on a high gradient stream. The high gradient stream made it flood faster, and had low stream discharge. Discharge is cross section of stream channel. It was also capable of moving large particles, which is an example of deposition and erosion. In the experiment, the ‘Main Street Ellicott City’ stream was more affected than the Meandering Stream. The Main Street Ellicott City stream was flooded faster, and more houses and cars were destroyed compared to the Meandering

This total erosion is a result of a number of factors caused by both natural and human activity.1

When looking at a map of the United States, finding the state of Michigan is not a difficult task. Michigan is a unique state in which it has a distinct and familiar shape, therefore commonly referred to as “the mitten” state. In addition the Lower Peninsula that is shaped like a mitten, the great state is composed of an addition peninsula. These two peninsulas are surround by 5 “great lakes”, which contains 18% of the world’s fresh water supply. The diverse shape and topography of Michigan can be attributed to the processes of weathering, erosion, and deposition throughout the area. The beautiful landscape we enjoy today began to take shape over tens of thousands of years ago under a sheet of ice.