Gfba Gene Essay

Genetic profiling is a contemporary issue relating to the individual and technology which restricts access to unbiased decisions and privacy. Genetic profiling interferes with the individuals bodily, genetic and behavioural privacy, as it can be used for the benefit of identifying bodies to using the results of a DNA test to choose whether to employ one individual over another, due to future concerns. It can easily be argued that genetic profiling is in the need of law reform as a result of legal implications and the lack of individual’s rights.

I inoculated a T-Soy agar with bacteria number 118, for this I used a streak isolation method. Next, in order to distinguish between Gram positive and Gram negative I used a streak isolation technique on a CNA plate, then performed the same exact procedure on a MacConkey plate. The results from the CNA plate showed the Gram Positive bacteria was an Alpha hemolyzer. Next, I used a P Disc on a T-Soy agar inoculated with bacteria 118 and determined the Gram Positive bacteria was not sensitive to P Disc antibiotics. This revealed the Gram Positive bacteria to be Streptococcus Mitis. The results from the MacConkey plate proved the Gram Negative bacteria to be a lactose fermenter. With the Gram Negative bacteria I performed a lysine test with positive results. Next, I performed an ornithine test on the Gram Negative bacteria, with negative results, therefore I concluded the Gram Negative bacteria was Klebsiella pneumoniae.

The species ID from the Biolog was confirmed to be Staphylococcus epidermidis with a probability of 99.2%. The observed results of utilization of D-Mannitol, citric acid, D-fructose, and α -D-lactose matched the expected results. The bacteria sensitivity to NaCl differ from the expected results; the bacteria should be tolerant to NaCl up to 10-15%. The fermentation results of glucose and lactose from phenol red broth was different from the results observed in the Biolog. The Biolog results matched the expected results for S. epidermidis with a few exceptions. From the citrate slant test, it was observed that the bacteria was unable to utilize citrate; however, the observed results from the Biolog test was inconclusive indicting a positive and negative result. The bacteria was indicated to not be sensitive to Vancomycin, however, the bacteria is expected to be sensitive to the antimicrobial

The BLS states that the employment outlook for the genetics counseling field is quite promising. They project it to grow at 29 percent until the year 2024, which is much faster than average. Keep reading to learn why the employment outlook for this exciting medical field is so good.

The bacterium is capable of producing biofilms that allow microorganisms to stick to solid surfaces forming an attachment, which is enclosed by a slime layer ("Staphylococcus epidermis"). Biofilms protect pathogens from being destroyed by disinfectants inside human bodies ("Staphylococcus epidermis"). In other words, biofilms aid pathogens in causing diseases by releasing microbial products ("Staphylococcus

After inoculating an agar plate with the bacteria taken from a phone screen in Durham during winter, various tests were performed to attempt to identify the organism’s genus. We hypothesized that the bacteria was a member of the Staphylococcus genus. The Gram Stain results indicate that the bacterium is either Gram negative, but the KOH test indicates a Gram-positive isolate. Upon further consideration, we decided that the bacterium is a Gram-positive destainer. Gram-positive bacteria have a thick cell wall composed of peptidoglycan. As expected, the Gas Pak and TSA stab results indicate that the bacterium cannot grow in the absence of oxygen. A motility stab indicated that the bacteria were motile. Motility provides an ability to change direction and move away from repellents and toward attractants. Thus, the microbe can avoid unfavorable conditions, and live longer. The positive lysine decarboxylase test indicates that the microbe can use the amino acid lysine as a source of carbon and energy for growth. First, the bacteria use glucose as its primary carbon source, which causes the pH to drop. The enzyme lysine decarboxylase degrades lysine to produce basic products. This change in pH is what causes the broth to turn purple again, a positive result. An endospore stain indicated that the bacterium does not produce spores under stress to protect the cells from dying. Spores are metabolically inactive and

Do you ever wonder why your hair is the color that it is? Or where you got your height? Well this is all dependent on your genes. The genes that you have were passed onto you from your parents. Geneticists the people who study our genes and heredity. They do extensive research and study how genes work and how they are built. Geneticist don’t just learn about humans, depending on what part of the field they are working in they may also learn about plants and animals. All of the data that they collect from research they use to find new medicines and cures for all different kinds of diseases. Like I said they also work with plants and animals. They work with plants by trying to change the genetic makeup of crops to help improve the

Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive coccal bacterium, 1µm in diameter, forming grape like clusters or clumps, and is the most important pathogen amongst Staphylococci bacteria. A gram stain was performed on unknown bacteria #41, producing a purple, gram positive cocci bacteria appearing in grape like clusters or clumps under microscope. A streak plate test on nutrient agar was performed resulting in yellowish colonies on the nutrient agar. A catalase test was then performed with a positive Staphylococcus result. Mannitol Salt Agar plate was then used to determine between Staphylococcus aureus and Stapylococcus epidermidis.

Indeed, this study showed the evidence that when Staphylococcus spp grown together with Acinetobacter spp or Micrococcus spp, could influence the growth of Staphylococcus spp. Additionally, Staphylococci influenced the growth of Acinetobacter spp, but mixed response was seen with Micrococcus spp.

In the United States, the fourth most leading cause of death are hospital-acquired infections. Furthermore, it is estimated that greater than 65 percent of all bacterial infections are associated with biofilms. A greater understanding of biofilms is essential if we are to find effective methods to combat their formation in order to promote public health. Unfortunately, with bacteria in space behaving widely different than on Earth, this can cause a huge problem when it comes to health in space. First of all, biofilms could contaminate and bio-deteriorate the space habitats, the health of the crew, and the function of waste recycling or food production systems in extremely different ways then handled before on Earth. All of these issues would

Bacterial urinary tract infections represent the most common type of nosocomial infections. Often, the ability of bacteria to both establish and maintain these infections are directly related to biofilm formation on indwelling devices or within the urinary tract itself (30). Enterococci (especially E. faecalis) are one of the main causative agents of urinary tract infection and Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) besides gram-negative pathogens (31, 32). In these infections Biofilm provides a favorable milieu for microbial survival within the host as the organisms are shielded from the host immune response, as well as antibiotics and antimicrobial agents (33, 34). Several studies conducted to introduce main virulence genes of enterococci that are associated with biofilm formation in these bacteria (11, 13,-17), but virulence mechanism and related genes for biofilm formation are not well understood (35). In this study we investigated biofilm formation of clinical enterococci isolates isolated from Urinary tract infections. These strains were characterized for presence of adhesions and secretory virulence factors. Isolates had diverse presence of virulence from lack to highest amount of virulence genes. Several previous studies investigated relation of virulence genes and biofilm formation, especially presence of esp and gel. Enterococci esp has been implicated as a contributing factor in colonization and persistence of infection within the urinary tract

Mastitis can be best defined as inflammation of the mammary gland and udder tissue. Mastitis is usually an immune response to a bacterial invasion in the teat canal, but it can also be caused by chemical, thermal, or a mechanical injury to the cows’ udder. There are several bacteria that can cause the disease. The bacteria are easily spread through the bedding cattle are kept in and through the production system; making mastitis a multi-factorial disease. Some studies have shown that environmental factors play a large role in the spreading of the disease. Mastitis is a major endemic in dairy cattle. It is easier to find mastitis in dairy cattle because they are handled every day, and their udders are much more visible than beef cattle that

Biofilms are hard to treat for many reasons. The main reason is because they are highly resistant to antibiotics. This is because the outer cells protect the inner cells from the antibiotic. Therefore, a long-term treatment of antibiotics is required to help the biofilm related infection. Living in groups, give bacteria properties they didn't have when living alone. Another reason they're hard to treat is because they are undefeatable by the body's natural immune defense system. Biofilms avoid chemical disinfection in two different ways. The first is that a gel-like polysaccharide layer provides a physical barrier against any outside agent, biological or chemical. The second is that even if a biocidal agent is introduced in a large enough quantity to eliminate the living bacteria, then

2. Introduction: Each student was given unknown bacteria and was instructed to perform a variety of experimental tests that would help to identify their bacteria. During the process of identification, the unknown bacteria was added to many different testing medias using aseptic technique. They are as follows: lactose fermentation on eosin methylene blue (EMB), TSI (Triple Sugar Iron agar), Phenol red sucrose, the SIM test, H2S by SIM, IMViC (indole, motility, voges-proskauer, and citrate), Urease (urea broth), PDase (Phenylalanine Deaminase), Lysine Decarboxylase, and Ornithine Decarboxylase. Colonial morphology on EMB was used to

Broth cultures of E.coli, Micrococcus luteus and Vibrio natriegens were streaked onto the respective sections. The plate was then incubated at 37oC for 48 hours. The process was then repeated on nutrient agar plates with 5, 6.5 and 10% salt.