Gibberellin Acid Lab Report

The hypothesis behind this experiment is that the Gibberellic acid has a positive growth effect on the plant and causes it grow larger in height.

Abstract: It is important to understand the consequences of elevated light on the reproductive process of kidney beans. The main objective of this research work is to determine how light affects the seed germination in plants. Through our research we concluded that the seeds that were kept in dark were more germinated than the ones that were exposed to light. On bases of p value we can say that there is a significant difference in seed germination in light and dark condition.

Germination is the stage of plant growth through which a seed becomes a seedling plant. First, the seed begins to absorb water and the radicle root emerges from the seed coat and into the water. Then, the primary roots grow, the cotyledons move above ground, the stem begins to grow, and leaves develop. The process is complete when the first leaves open and the cotyledons fall off (The Learning Garden 2001).

When planting a seed, many factors allow the seed to grow and become a plant. To sprout from the ground, and to survive, seeds need water, air, and a certain temperature. Seeds can get water, oxygen, and sun by being placed at the proper planting depth. Planting depth is the depth at which a seed is placed in the soil. If a seed is exposed to these important needs, it goes through a process called germination. According to the Wise Geek article, “What is Germination?”, “Germination is a process in which a seed or spore awakens from dormancy and starts to sprout.” (“What is Germination?”).

However, there are more factors that determine the growth of a plant and germination process. Germination of seeds is greatly influenced by environmental stressors such as soil water conditions and salinity, eventually affecting revegetation success http://www.sciencedirect.com.ezproxy.uttyler.edu:2048/science/article/pii/S0925857417301179 . Environmental conditions must be favorable in order for the germination process to begin. First, temperature must be optimal for the plant. Depending upon the plant species, some seeds may prefer a cooler temperature than others. Light is another factor that can affect the germination process. Some plants prefer direct sunlight while others may prefer partial shade or total shade. Soil acidity can also impact the rate of germination. Salts reduce the osmotic potential of water, increasing the energy that plants use to

There are many ways to obtain seeds to grow flowers in the springtime, but not all seeds were created equal. Sunflower seeds, for example, can be bought at a garden store in a packet for $1.5 dollars per 6 gram packet, but they can also be found in bird seed for $3.53 dollars per 10 pounds. This experiment intends to find if the germination of a store bought packet of sunflower seeds matches the germination rate of sunflower seeds obtained from a bag of bird seed. While both seeds will germinate, it is believed that the bird seed will not be as robust in growth as the garden seed, due to the fact that the garden seed is made to be grown, while the bird seed is made for consumption.

The results observed do not correspond with the outcome predicted by the hypothesis. Despite the nature of the subjects of the experiments, no substantial growth was observed. Only one seed of the 36 planted germinated, and it could only survive for a period of a week. The one seed that germinated reach a height of 1.2 cm. Table 1 presents the average growth observed in each quad. Each quad had a total of 12 seeds. No seeds were removed during the course of the experiment.

This then not only prevents the germination of the seed; however, if the plant were to initially germinate, it would be unable to grow any further, as without enough water, photosynthesis, nutrient transfer, or transpiration would be unable to occur; therefore, the plant would be unable to sustain (Growing Anything,

When looking over my results, I found that the pH level increased from a neutral pH to a basic level of pH. The Miracle- Gro fertilizer that I used is supposed to have a pH of 7. This surprised me because I would think that adding a 10% fertilizer solution would make the water acidic. I thought that the fertilizer would be more acidic because when we learned about rivers, we found out that acid rain decreased the dissolved oxygen levels; also, Eutriporication results in low dissolved oxygen levels. Therefore I believed that the fertilizer would be acidic because of my background knowledge of dissolved oxygen in water. Regardless, the basic water killed the algae, elodea plant and the snails in the water. I also thought that eutrophication would occur in the water when

2. (5 pts) List and explain the names and affiliations of the various characters/stakeholders in this story – I’m looking for us to use the story to map out the complexities that are generally associated with solving public health puzzles – the stakeholders you list and explain here should apply to many of the cases we consider going forward.

While experimenting with the green beans, the seeds exposed to the organic plant food germinated within five days of the experiment and the seeds exposed to the chemical plant food germinated within six. The seeds that acted as the control had been expected to grow the least, however, it was surprising that they did not grow at all. Both the chemical and organic fertilizers proved to have positive results on the plants. It was also unexpected when the seeds exposed to the chemical plant food surpassed the height of the other experimental seeds after being shorter. The predicted reason for the increase in growth with seeds given Miracle Grow was because chemical fertilizers automatically store up the nutrients and disperse it constantly throughout

The second step of the experiment was to soak the seeds in water overnight. This action was made to prepare the seeds for germination and making them more softer and less rigid. The seeds were placed in a bowl and were covered by tin foil. It was set up on the refrigerator to minimize any outside interference that may come to it. After a full night of absorbing the water, the seeds were ready to start the next stage.

The tobacco plant like many plants contain a cell callus. A cell callus contains somatic undifferentiated cells and can be used to differentiate into specialized tissues of the tobacco plant, or any plant used, by being induced with the addition of different types of hormones, such as cytokinin and auxin. Cytokinin and auxin are mostly used in plant tissue culture simultaneously to provoke the formation of a plantlet or callus. There is a common use of Kinetin in plant tissue culture since when added it will promote cell division to initiate shoot tissues from calluses of the plant. Kinetin is a type of cytokinin hormone. In regards to auxin related hormones, Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is also commonly used since it promotes the initiation of roots for the root tissue of the plant. In this

This data shows a strange outcome, in the hypothesis; it says that “If acid is introduced to the seed during germination, then the roots will not grow as long as the seeds that are given water”. This statement proves to be untrue, because the roots grew longer with stronger acid than weaker acid, and in some, cases, grew better with strong acid than it did in water. This may be true because of the acid growth theory. The acid growth theory states that auxins cause the elongation of stem cells by promoting wall loosening. It was determined that this wall loosening is caused by hydrogen ions. This idea and subsequent supporting data gave rise to the acid growth theory, which states that when exposed to auxins, susceptible cells excrete protons into the wall at an enhanced rate, which in turn decreases the pH in the wall. The lowered wall pH then activates the wall loosening process which is essentially doing the same thing as the auxin hormone.

austriacum were taken as explants. The result of the present study shows that TDZ is most effective for direct shoot regeneration from decapitated cotyledonary-stage seedlings and cotyledon explants. Experiments on the decapitated cotyledonary-stage seedlings and cotyledon explants demonstrated that the greatest shoot formation was on the medium containing 0.25 mg l-1 and 0.5 mg l-1 TDZ, respectively. Thidiazuron (TDZ), a substitute of phenyl urea (N-phenyl-1,2,3–thidiazol-5-ylurea) is a potent cytokinin used in experiments related to in vitro shoot induction (Mok et al., 1982; Thomas et al. 1986) and its ability to induce multiple shoot formation has been demonstrated in other plant systems (Kerns and Meyer, 1986; Fellman et al., 1987; Fiola et al., 1990). Adventitious shoots elongating over… cm in length, which were easy to handle and suitable for transferring to rooting medium, were also obtained most efficiently with a lower concentration of TDZ, while further addition of TDZ concentration resulted in decreased shoot regeneration and elongation. Higher TDZ concentrations lead to reduction of shoot regeneration and resulted in stunted shoots. Previous studies have been reported the inhibitory effects of high concentrations of TDZ on shoot elongation (Preece and Imel, 1991; Malik et al. 1992; Feyissa et al., 2005; Raghu et al., 2006; Kumar and Reddy, 2010; Kumar et al., 2010a,b, 2011a,b), and our results are in agreement with the above