Gilgamesh Categories

Those were the only places where farming was able to out-compete hunter gatherers. In modern times, due to globalization, places with better climates and more fertile soil are able to out grow the original hearths because the animals and plants are easily obtainable everywhere. Once that was the case, the species’s native lands had no advantage over more fertile lands. The Fertile Crescent for example developed some of the most valuable species and were able to develop more advanced technology and armies and were able to spread their genes father and farther west until they got to Europe and Northern Africa. There, the climate and soil was better for growing these crops and the Fertile Crescent now had no other advantages so the agricultural power shifted toward Europe and Northern

Beginning with Mesopotamia, according to McKay Mesopotamia was part of the Fertile Crescent, which was where the first agriculture developed (McKay, 35). Moving from Mesopotamia to the city-state Sumer, many farmers brought with them their farming tools and trade abilities so that they could successfully farm in warmer, more arid climates (McKay, 35). Irrigation was a major part of the process and was needed for them to succeed. As the civilization grew, people built temples in Mesopotamia, where farmers would use them to store food items and animals. To the Mesopotamian people, the belief of Polytheism, which is that of many Gods controlling the earth and world, brought a distinct outlook on life (McKay, 36). Sumerian

The transition to farming was a turning point in human history since people who remained hunter/gatherers couldn’t produce food as quickly as farmers, and couldn’t produce food that could be stored for a long period of time. Instead of roaming to search different locations for food, farming allowed them to drop seeds in soil that grow next to their

It is possible that a social hierarchy was created when such densely packed communities were created, as now human interaction became all the more important, as the relationships between neighbors, and social groups would most likely create tension in the situation. It was also during the time of the Early neolithic in which the first clues of plant domestication began to appear. Though it was the Pre-Pottery Neolithic B period in which domesticated crops including wheat, barley, lentil, peas, and legumes were found. These domesticated grains showed an increase in size and durability . Animal domestication was quick to follow, as Sheep were found to be domesticated in Turkey, Iraw, and Iran, while the reduction in size of the animals, and the discovery of the animals outside their habitat became common finds. Finally, it was during the Late Neolithic period in which a reduction in the number of large villages across the Middle East began. We can see the shift toward a way of life focused on the grazing of domesticated animals, as villages began to shrink, and the population became once again scattered across the land. It was also during this period in which a decline in the role of hunting for subsistence became apparant, as well as Late Neolithic societies reliance on plants that were domesticated during the Early Neolithic periods. We can see from this that the origin of agriculture in Europe came from the usage of Middle Eastern

The Mesopotamian civilization was located in the valley between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. The soil was very fertile because of the layers of silt deposited over the years by the waterways. Agriculture was easily produced in this territory with the help of human intervention through irrigation and a drainage system. The abundance of food allowed for a greater population to form and eventually build up. With a larger society, the civilization was able to form a very refined culture.

began to cultivate edible plants and to breed animals. " This change from food-gathering to food-producing initiated the Neolithic Age. Instead of living in scattered hunting communities, farmers lived in villages. Because food was available where they lived they were able to live in a certain place for a long time instead of having to move from place to place. Near these villages, small towns grew up and later cities did too, this made civilization possible.

Humans have always had to find a way to survive in the changing environment of our world. Humans have had to find many ways to adapt and find different practices to feed their communities. Humans were able to keep their communities alive due to their ways of hunting and gathering. Gender played a role in this way of finding food source. Men were set to be the hunters and the women were responsible for gathering any crops they could find. There was a transition that occurred and a new way of cultivating food emerged. Agriculture became a way of survival for human beings. Agriculture played an intricate role in providing a food source and it had a major impact on the Neolithic societies in the Near East. It provided a new way for society to be permanently transformed from what they once were, hunter gatherers to becoming something more stable and stronger.

The Epic of Gilgamesh tells

Agricultural allowed both Mesopotamia and Egypt to create both distinct and social interaction amongst other people. Also, the second highest class where priest and scribes who were in favor of gods. They even had similar

The epic of Gilgamesh is an ancient Sumerian story that was found in the mid-1800s, about the King of Uruk who reigned around 2700-1400 B.C, written on clay tables, retold and rewritten by Assyrian, Babylonian and Hittite. Gilgamesh, which was preserved by the ancient Mesopotamia of rival societies and continues to exist as the oldest epic in literature today. The eleventh tablet, discovered in the mid-1800s by archeologists, pre-dates the Biblical version of the flood of Noah. It is believed that the tomb of Gilgamesh was discovered in Warka, in 2003.

Before the Neolithic Revolution, civilization had not existed because humans traveled in nomadic groups. However, the environment began to change and disrupted the nomadic lifestyle human’s had led. People constantly migrated to follow their prey and relied on their hunting and gathering skills to provide nourishment to survive, until they discovered farming, which later resulted in the development of group living. The development of agriculture and group living provided food surpluses, causing the development of trade and population growth. Soon after, the population growth and established trading system led to the division of labor, eventually creating a government system. The discovery of farming changed the way the nomadic people had lived; they had to settle down in communities for their crops to be able to flourish and this created civilized societies, because of this agriculture created a new system that would soon be used across the world, a Neolithic economy.

The advancement of man from hunters and gathers to farms was not a hasty process. People did not just put down there bows and spears and pick up the hoe. Farming came about through a long process of domestication. We have looked at places like Wadi Kubbaniya where people harvested nut grass to eat. Without people continually gathering the nut grass it would grow to the point that it would choke the soil.

From the earliest times, humans lived in big groups spending most of their time hunting and gathering. This caused them to constantly be traveling looking for new resources, essentially they lived as nomads. For the most part they followed gender roles, men hunting game and women gathering berries, fruit and other edibles. These early people crafted simple tools such as axes and spears made from bone, wood, and stone. Around 10,000 BCE in South West Asia and other Areas they started to cultivate crops and animals.

So, farming and agricultural systems have contributed greatly to the development of some of the world’s greatest powers, Mesopotamia, the USA, and China, by providing food to sustain populations in these countries.     To begin, the fortunate location of Mesopotamia made the growth of crops much more effective, due to the environmental conditions and fertile soil. Mesopotamia was located in a region known as the Fertile Crescent, due to the fertility of its farm lands. Since this civilization was located in an area that had always been notorious for high fertility rates, Mesopotamia had an advantage when it came to growing food crops. The proximity of rivers to Mesopotamia was also a factor in crop growth, as irrigation systems were created using the river to aid in the production of food.

Agriculture spread in the Neolithic Era much like people spread in the Paleolithic Era. Agriculture spread a while after the people had all spread out. The main difference is that agriculture started and spread out of the Middle East instead of starting and spreading out of Africa like the people had done. By about 10,000 B.C. all the people had just about settled the world. Later from 8,000-5,000 B.C. is when agriculture started being used in the Middle East but not as a main source of food. The hunting of game animals was still the dominant source of food at the time. It was not until about 3,500 B.C. that agriculture could support most of the population in the Middle East.