Glaeser City Sociology

LArch 60.1 Paper of Landscape Comparison Oguz Cangoz Fairmount Park vs. Central Park Spring 2015 The United States is home to a numerous amount of popular cities. Within all these cities, there are parks. Urban parks are though of as a getaway from the city lifestyle, and used for relaxing and entertainment through activities anywhere from picnics to concerts and parades. United States is home to a few of the most well known and architecturally impressive park achievements in the world.

Many of the cities described in Invisible Cities, apply to concepts of urban theorists discussed in class. Calvino focuses on specific subjects for each of the fifty-five cities. A few of the cities that correlate with theories studied in the second half of class are Zobeide, Chloe, and Anastasia. Zobeide greatly corresponds with Elijah Anderson’s “Code of the Street,”. Anastasia corresponds with this, as well, but a different piece of it. Anastasia can be associated with the “decent” orientation, and Zobeide with the street families/role of the “man of the house” and cultural exclusion. Chloe can represent the hierarchies of relationships, purposeful associations, and patterns of interaction discussed by Whyte, Putnam, Mumford, and Wirth.

The two models of urban recreation were New York’s Central Park and Chicago’s Columbian Exposition of 1893. Both played a major role of how Coney Island was created because Kasson states “the two projects represented a broad common effort: to provide cultural leadership for an urban industrial society; to present a model of social order, cohesion, and tranquility for fractious people;” (pg. 11). Frederick Law Olmsted was the designer for both New York Central Park and Chicago’s Columbian Exposition of

When looking at the economics within City Heights East it is 17% lower than the San Diego average for the cost of living. Yet it is 12% higher for the cost of living than the National average. Living anywhere in San Diego is going to be expensive when comparing it to the national average because we live where people vacation. Yet it is relatively cheap to live here when comparing it to the San Diego average. With this comes crime and other aspects of lower poverty level neighborhoods.

Prospect Park is a 585-acre park located In Brooklyn, a borough in New York City. This borough in particular was in great need for an open space for activities and relaxation, which is exactly what this park provided. Parks are a very important piece of land to a town because it gives people the opportunity to improve their physical health and parks also help strengthen communities because it gives people more opportunities to interact with one another. Public parks are especially very important to have in a big city like New York City because a park gives people a chance to get out of the hustle and bustle, and relax and unwind. The two creators of Prospect Park named Frederick Law Olmstead and Calvert Bowyer Vaux also designed and created a park in Manhattan called Central Park. Central park is eight hundred-forty acres of city-owned land and is a piece of land that was much needed in 1857 when it was officially opened. Vaux and Olmstead became two well-known architects by building Central Park that soon became a big success, but didn’t equally benefit both the rich and the poor. Calvert Vaux and Frederick Law Olmstead worked in a partnership to build Prospect Park.

In the city of Baltimore, people have decided to tear down their urban slums, which are heavily populated urban informal settlements that are characterized by substandard housing and squalor. Baltimore is also lowering its land taxes endeavoring to encourage wealthier people to move into the central business district. Other methods are increasing the creation of various public places such as parks. In New York, for example, Central Park serves as a perfect example of a space that was built to bring people together. Parks, change the urban landscape of the area, and impact society as well. With more parks such as Central Park, the central business district will be affected. Central Park an urban park in middle-upper Manhattan, within New York City, heavily impacted the CBD for it is one of the most popular parks within the world. Thus, urban policy has resulted in the alteration of central business and residential districts though the creation of various parks and the reconstruction of

World cities are markets for a vast range of goods and services as they are areas of massive accumulations of wealth and have extraordinary purchasing power. The importance of these cities as markets is shown by patterns of concentrated retailing in high-order consumer goods, such as clothing, jewellery, and art. Streets such as Fifth Avenue in New York are famous for their retailing of very expensive goods.

The experiment of the city needs some fine-tuning. Social reformers from all different stripes come out in full force to correct some of these urban problems. One of these campaigns is for the establishment of parks and its close cousin the playground. Landscape architect Charles Eliot whose work heavily influences the Boston Metropolitan Park System strongly pushes a park system to combat the growing urban

Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux's choices in the design of Central Park reflect a key movement toward sustainability. In leiu of ornate structures prefered by the upper class, Olmsted and Vaux chose designs that would encourage people from all classes to enjoy the park. Olmsted and Vaux selected plants and additional fixtures in the park by considering ecological implications. One of the main goals during the creation of Central Park was to provide a serene space for city dwellers to go and escape the troubles of urban life. Olmsted and Vaux promoted sustainability in the design of Central Park by maintaining class equality, making environmentally sound decisions, and supporting the needs of the surrounding community.

The purpose of this paper is to highlight how Robert Hammond and Josh David’s visionary idea transformed an unused, abandoned railroad line into a spectacular green space in the sky –New York’s High Line. Hammond and David were locals who believed that tearing down the railroad line was not a good idea. Meanwhile other people in the community, including property owners and Mayor Giuliani wanted the unused railroad demolished. With the help of photographer Joel Sternfeld who captured the abandoned railroad line’s overgrown greenery and fields of wildflowers that changed with the seasons, they were able to get people to recognize that this was a green space in New York city that was worth keeping.

Living in the inner-city and suburban neighborhood can be challenging and beneficial for some individuals, especially for career opportunity. Many people who live in the urban communities have a better advantage in finding a job of their choice. Most corporations are located in the inner-city which makes it easier for people to find a job. Despite the job opportunities in the inner-city, many of these corporations do not provide parking for their employee which makes it difficult for many individuals. On the other hand, employment in the suburb is very limited and many of the professional jobs are

This claim is based on an employee survey. Nonetheless, there are no information about how many workers were surveyed, and whether or not the group surveyed is varied enough in order to make conclusions about the whole company. The survey has to include workers of different genders, ages and origins in order to be trusted to make conclusions about the employees' preferances. Furthermore, the author does not specify how Corporateville is less urban than Middlesburg. This proves contradictory to a previous claim that Corporateville has a larger number or homeowners. Thus, the author claims that Corporateville is a better place to live in without providing the necessary information about the type of land, houses, population, and traffic there. This leads to a weak argument.

Charles Booth’s, Inquiry into the Life and Labour of the People in London was a survey, primarily focusing on the working class during the 19th century. The preservation of the documentation provides historians with insight to the Victorian mindset, specifically regarding the distribution of wealth, and it’s relationship with crime. The map produced by Charles Booth with the use of his findings depicts the social blueprint of London, from 1898 until 1899. This map distinguishes class using a legend highlighting seven distinguishable classes and their spot within society. This map also highlights the Victorian belief that poverty and crime are inherently interrelated. Beginning in the late 17th century and extending throughout the 18th century,

Imagine a city where no green space can be found. Where concrete and steel buildings rise up and block the sun. Where streets are chaotic and gridlocked and citizens are stuffed in cramped, dirty and unsanitary apartments. This was the world of 19th-century cities where human health and happiness were disregarded for economic gain. These horrid conditions shaped the lives and ideas of three very influential men: Ebenezer Howard, Le Corbusier, and Frank Lloyd Wright. They took their own experiences and redesigned the sprawling metropolis to improve the lives of the residents. Each man created urban utopias that included green spaces, farms, and parks to improve air quality and the livelihoods of the people. Despite theses similar views, each design differed from the others. Howard, Le Corbusier, and Wright all completely reimagined the urban city in differing ways based on scale, distribution of land and technology. Their design concepts have been adapted across the globe and implemented into modern urban planning everywhere.

The urban environment that I live in is my nature. My nature is filled with birds, cats, grass, and flowers. It may not be as abundant with mother nature’s resources compared to most places, but it still provides me with an experience of nature. Nature is not limited to just what we see anymore. However, you must use your senses to truly achieve the full experience of nature. In nature, you must smell the wonderful odors from the flowers, you should use your sight and observe the natural beauty of the ever-changing sky, touch the rough and jagged bark of the trees, and hear the spectacular songs of the birds that fly above you.