Glaucoma Research Paper

Glaucoma is a disease that damages the optic nerve because of extra fluid increasing pressure in the eye (Boyd). It is also the leading cause of blindness if left untreated in people over sixty Boyd states. Varieties of options are available for treatment regarding glaucoma and all are intended to lower the blood pressure and protect optic nerve (Radhakrishan and Iwach). Glaucoma can be treated with eye drops, pills, and surgery or a combination of these methods. (“Treating Glaucoma”). Right now eye drops are the first choice of treatment because they lower eye pressure, helping fluid drain better or decreasing fluid made by the eye (Radhakrishan and Iwach). As is states in the article “Treating Glaucoma” when eye drops cannot control the glaucoma,

Do you know what the leading cause of blindness is in Americans from ages 20 to 74? It is diabetes an illness that changes the way the body breaks down and absorbs sugars. These changes, doctors feel, take away oxygen that the retina needs. (The retina is the back layer of the eye and it is where sharp images are formed.) When this happens’ some small blood vessels may become weak and break, vision problems occur when this blood leaks into the areas around the retina. Diabetes can also cause glaucoma and cataracts. Glaucoma is a disease that causes a lot of pressure in the eye because too much fluid builds up. Cataracts, on the other hand, cloud the lens of the eye and this makes a person feel like he or she is looking through a grimy window.

Signs/Symptoms: The way a person would know if they have Glaucoma, an eye disease that can make someone go blind, is by looking for the signs or symptoms. Symptoms of Open Angle Glaucoma are patchy blindness spots in the peripheral or central vision and “tunnel” vision in both eyes. The symptoms for Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma are, as said by Glaucoma - Symptoms and Causes by The Mayo Clinic “eye pain, nausea and vomiting, blurred vision, “halos” around lights - which may be rainbow,” red eyes, and sudden sight loss. The symptoms of this kind of Glaucoma have no typical early warning signs. This is the reason people don’t notice it until it is too late, and they end up losing their vision if it is not treated.

A common misconception is that glaucoma is a singular disease, in fact, it is a collaboration of many diseases in the eyes that cause glaucoma. these diseases can often lead to loss of vision but, if caught early, glaucoma, or the smaller diseases which lead to it, can be treated. Like many other diseases, if caught early, the lasting effects will lessen.

Recently there has been a new study about a secretion from stem cells that is very eye opening! Stem cells are used in lots of studies today due to their ability to transform into any type of cell, but they can also cause complications like rejection. Stem cells contain small membrane bound packages that are known as exosomes. They are filled with proteins and can be used to signal other cells to begin producing certain proteins. Researchers at the National Eye Institute studied the roles that exosomes played on retina ganglion cells. These cells help send information from the eyes to the brain. Glaucoma causes these cells to die and leads to the loss of

Macular degeneration is the leading cause of sight loss in the United Kingdom. It is usually age related, occurring in 1 in 10 people over 65. In macular degeneration, the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) at the back of the macula in the eye, which supports the rod and cone cells vital to central vision, stops functioning. This results in the death of rod and cone cells, resulting in the loss of central vision. There are two types of macular degeneration: wet, and dry. Dry macular degeneration is the most common type and typically causes central vision loss over several months or years. Wet macular degeneration is rare, causing central vision loss in several days or weeks.

Glaucoma treatment often starts with prescription eye drops. These can help decrease eye pressure by improving how fluid drains from your eye or by decreasing the amount of fluid your eye makes. Prescription eye drop medications include:

Glaucoma is a "multi-factorial, complex eye disease with specific characteristics such as optic nerve damage and visual field loss". It embodies many conditions, all of which can harm or damage the optic nerve and the retina, which can solemn lead to blindness if left untreated. Generally, glaucoma is connected to and is associated with high IOP. IOP fluctuates throughout the day, so it can be both high and low and different periods of time. IOP can occur when the drainage channels within the eye become slightly or fully blocked, therefore preventing the fluid located within the eyeball (aqueous humour) from draining or excreting properly and resulting in a build-up of pressure. Once damage or loss of vision has occurred, it cannot be reversed, but treatment can help prevent further harm to the eyes. Often, treatments start with giving eye drops, which can work toward reducing IOP by either reducing the production of aqueous humour or by assisting fluids out of the eyes. Traditionally speaking, the screening which were done for glaucoma happened at an optician’s check-up. Now however, there are tests which measure the IOP, by using snapshot reading. With this method, even borderline cases can be missed. Thankfully, a new, smart electronic contact lens called the Triggerfish Sensor is currently being used for the first time in fight against a leading cause of blindness. This sensor could assist experts diagnose the eye problem earlier and treat it more efficiently and effectively. The Triggerfish lens is made up of soft silicone and is a single use item piece. The sensor on the lens contains a microprocessor, an adhesive receiving antenna and a small battery-operated recorder. The antenna is strapped/fixed to the side of the head and around the eyes and continuously receives data input or wireless readings from the chip in the lens. After the 24-hour period that the lens is on

Glaucoma develops when a fluid called aqueous humour within the eyes cannot drain properly and pressure builds up, known as the intraocular pressure. Under normal circumstances, the fluid would be drained out of the eyes through tubes. This can damage the optic nerve and also the nerve fibres from the Retina. The Retina is the layer of light-sensitive tissue that lines the back of the eye.

It is a type of laser therapy that is non-thermal. It is used to activate the medication that has been given intravenously. This procedure is used to close off the abnormal blood vessels and reduce leaking of the blood behind the retina.

Conjunctivitis is an inflammation or swelling of the conjunctivae; the thin transparent layer of the inner surface of the eyelid. Often called "pink eye" it is a very common eye disease especially in children. Some forms are highly contagious and can spread easily from one eye to the other and through a home and school. While usually a minor eye infection it can turn into a much more serious problem.Virus, bacteria, and allergens can all cause conjunctivitis.

Elimination of the possibility of pupillary block glaucoma by verifying or creating a patent iridectomy is essential. Miotic medications should be avoided, and vigorous cycloplegia as well as the use of topical steroids should be started. Aqueous suppressants and hyperosmotics can be used to reduce the pressure. The effect of medical therapy is often not immediate, but approximately 50% of cases will be relieved within 5 days.

Laser eye surgery can truly change your life - after the system you will be free of the bothers connected with restorative eyewear and the cerebral pains brought about by eye strain. An once off laser treatment can likewise spare you cash over the long haul - no more visits to the optometrist, not any more agonizing over breaking or overlooking glasses and no all the more spending on contact lenses and costly arrangements.

Cataract surgery has become a widespread phenomenon across the world in recent years. Technologies rapid advance has led to new and better techniques to do surgery. Laser assisted cataract surgery is better than the conventional cataract surgery since there is less surgical time, it is more precise, and there are less complications.

Cataractogenesis, or opacification of the ocular lens of the eyes (cataracts), is a multifactorial process that may be initiated by oxidative damage from oxygen radicals [1]. Cataracts are the world's leading cause of blindness, accounting for approximately 42% of all cases of blindness in all nations [1,2]. In most cases, cataracts are age-related [3,4]; in other cases, it may be related to eye trauma, long-term diabetes, corticosteroid medications or radiation treatments [5]. Although surgery is often effective in restoring vision [6], this intervention still remains a major healthcare cost in Europe and other Western countries [7].