Glg 101 Week 8 Checkpoint

The human brain is capable of perceiving and interpreting information or stimuli received through the sense organs (i.e., eyes, ears, nose, mouth, and skin) (Weiten, 1998). This ability to perceive and interpret stimulus allows the human being to make meaningful sense of the world and environment around them. However, even as the human being is able to perceive and interpret stimuli information through all sense organs, stimuli is most often or primarily interpreted using the visual (eyes) and auditory (ears) sense organs (Anderson, 2009). However, for the purpose of this paper, the visual information process will be examined.

Until, it was brought to her attention, she had no idea that she was only drawing half of the picture. This gives us evidence that there is not only a sensory problem, but a problem of consciousness. With 30 areas in the brain for seeing, visual input divides into two parallel streams of processing. One called the How pathway, is concerned with navigation and the other called the “What” pathway is concerned with recognition.

After being shown a picture of an elephant they eye will take the light that is reflected from the object and it will enter the eye through the pupil. Then the light will be focused by the cornea and the lens to form a sharp image of the elephant in the retina. The retina is the network of neurons that cover the back of the eye and contains the visual receptors for a person vision. The visual receptors are made up of cones and rods that contain light sensitive chemicals called visual pigments. Visual pigments reacht to light and cause a triggered electrical signals to occur. These electrical signals will then flow through a network of neurons and this network of neurons is what makes up a persons retina. After the flow through the network of neurons occurs the electrical signals will emerge from the back of the eye in the area

Focusing an image clearly onto the retina is the initial step in the process of vision, but although a sharp image on the retina is essential for clear vision, a person does not see the picture on the retina. Vision occurs not in the retina, but in the brain. Before the brain can create vision, the light on the retina must activate the visual receptors in the retina by a two-element

The way the human brain draws inferences is the main way this is possible. Two methods of drawing inferences in our brains are top-down processing and perceptual sets. To start, top-down processing is when the brain perceives the whole of an image at once and draws inferences off of that, instead of seeing the parts of an image and building a whole set (which is known as bottom up processing). This allows Melissa to see the intersection and quickly judge it without seeing a stop sign as part of the image. Second, a perceptual set is when the brain expects to see something, and therefore is more likely to see it as a result. Melissa is not used to a stop sign at the intersection, and thus did not see the new one as a

Our study of the distinctively visual deepens our understanding of the world and those who inhabit it.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this paper is to defend a broad concept of visual perception, according to which it is a sufficient condition for visual perception that subjects receive visual information in a way which enables them to give reliably correct answers about the objects presented to them. According to this view, blindsight, non-epistemic seeing, and conscious visual experience count as proper types of visual perception. This leads to two consequences concerning the role of the phenomenal qualities of visual experiences. First, phenomenal qualities are not necessary in order to see something, because in the case of blindsight, subjects can see objects without experiences phenomenal

The way a human eye and brain works together to produce visual data understandable to the

The eyeball holds many parts to allow eyesight. The retina holds the key to allowing the human eye to see color. The pupil appears as the black part of the eye that people see, the pupil however does not have much to do with comprehending color. As Clarence Rainwater said in his book “The pupil is simply the hole in the iris through which light enters the eye.” (84) The light then has to pass through many parts of the eye before reaching the retina such as the transparent cornea, the aqueous humor, the lens, and the vitreous humor. Clarence Rainwater described the retina as “... the eye’s sensitive inner surface.” (86) The exciting part of the eye starts here. The retina holds the key as stated by Clarence Rainwater, “... a complex system

However if a person is able to know his surroundings and is able to create a visual imagery, the earlier accepted meaning for “seeing” seems quite misleading. What better way would there be than to take an example of a blind person. Zoltan Torey, was one of Sacks’ case study, did things that Sacks says might be impossible for a blind man. Torey who had been blinded later in his life was eventually able to perform intricate tasks with ease. Sacks says that Torey is able to construct, “a virtual visual world that seemed as real and intense to him as the perceptual one he had lost-indeed, sometimes more real and intense” (332).

The main nerve between the eye and the brain that contains the nerves for vision (optic nerve).

Von Helmholtz hypothesis of conscious inference gives an insight to this, as our brains have already postulated what’s happening in the surroundings, and focuses perception on the task in hand. Simons and Chabris’s (1999) Invisible Gorilla Experiment is an excellent demonstration of this.

There is a main pathway that light follows to get to your brain. The best way I could describe it to you is by advising you to look at an image, all sensory information that enters through the inside half of your eye (so metaphorically speaking, picture your eye and then draw a diagonal line across your eye towards your nose) will cross over to the opposite half of each side of your brain through the optic chiasm, this makes sure that both halves of your brain are seeing the same image. All sensory information that is seen on the outside of your eye (or the area I told you to picture) will stay on that same side of the brain, without the use of crossing over. All sensory information will end up going through the thalamus, a sensory relay station (subway station) and then will be directed up to the occipital lobe because it houses the primary Visual Cortex in your brain. This area of your brain is what is concerned with vision.

1B. Top- down processing is when the brain fills in information when the eye can’t see exactly everything that is suppose to be seen. For example, the blind spot in the eye that is created by the optic nerve is filled in with