Global Effort against Malaria

The WHO Global Malaria Programme is responsible for evidence-based policy and strategy formulation, technical assistance, capacity building, malaria surveillance, monitoring and evaluation, and coordination of global efforts to fight malaria. WHO is also a co-founder and hosts the Roll Back Malaria partnership, which is the global framework to implement coordinated action against malaria (The World Health Organization Staff, 2010). The CDC participates actively in global malaria efforts through work with the WHO, Roll Back Malaria Partners, UNICEF, and more in the fight to keep the epidemic at bay (Global Health - Division of Parasitic Diseases , 2010).

Malaria (also called biduoterian fever, blackwater fever, falciparum malaria, plasmodium, Quartan malaria, and tertian malaria) is one of the most infectious and most common diseases in the world. This serious, sometimes-fatal disease is caused by a parasite that is carried by a certain species of mosquito called the Anopheles. It claims more lives every year than any other transmissible disease except tuberculosis. Every year, five hundred million adults and children (around nine percent of the world’s population) contract the disease and of these, one hundred million people die. Children are more susceptible to the disease than adults, and in Africa, where ninety percent of the world’s cases occur and where eighty percent of the cases

Through research, Malaria deaths have fallen by 47% globally since 2000 steps taken against this disease and thanks to greater prevention efforts, including insecticide-treated nets, indoor spraying with insecticides, and better diagnostics and drugs for treatment.

Moreover, when examining the intersection between the medical impacts of malaria on the human and the social consequences, a vicious cycle is revealed in which the body, the community, and the economy are all similarly impacted by the presence of malaria in a

Malaria has been a huge problem among many developing nations over the past century. The amount of people in the entire world that die from malaria each year is between 700,000 and 2.7 million. 75% of these deaths are African children (Med. Letter on CDC & FDA, 2001). 90% of the malaria cases in the world are located in Sub-Saharan Africa. Once again, the majority of these deaths are of children (Randerson, 2002). The numbers speak for themselves. Malaria is a huge problem and needs to be dealt with immediately.

Fortunately this may all change as for the first time there is talk of wiping out malaria, mostly if not entirely from human existence. To first understand how this is possible, we must first discuss why is malaria, such a big problem and why is it so efficient in what it does. Malaria is commonly found parasites, including Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, and P. these parasites commonly infects mosquitoes which feed off of the blood of various animals including humans. Interestingly, only female mosquitos are able to host the parasites needed to spread malaria. When the mosquito puncture people with their hypodermic like nose to drink the blood, typically a bit of the blood is regurgitated and when this is done, some of the mosquito spit is also put back into the person. In the spit exists the parasites which are responsible for the symptoms of malaria. Once the parasites are in the body, they will begin to make their way to the liver and eventually infect a large amount of liver cells until the parasites are mature. Once some of the parasites are mature, some will enter the bloodstream while others will remain dormant within the liver to ensure that not all of the parasites are

Malaria has become a common name throughout the world. While significant efforts have been made since antimalarial treatments in the 1940’s, the disease still continues as an endemic around the globe. Malaria is a global public health issue, with epidemiological methods of tracking patterns, causes, and effects of health outcomes to continuously work toward protecting and saving lives. While current interventions have impacted the rates of malaria, advances have been made to include spatial targeting for predicting risk in certain locations, methods of using microbes to eliminate mosquito prevalence, and opportunities for vaccines to reduce incidence rates can be promising practices to reduce the

Malaria is one of those diseases that have stood the test of time, and still of major concern in many regions of the world, especially in tropical areas. It is an intermittent and remittent fever caused by a protozoan parasite that invades red blood cells. Malaria affects approximately two hundred and fifty million people annually, with the morbidity burden felt most in the tropics. Children under the ages of five and pregnant women in Sub-Saharan Africa are the groups most affected by this disease. Malaria is the leading cause of death from parasitic infection worldwide, with approximately one million deaths each year. Most of these deaths occur in Africa, followed by South East Asia.

Malaria is a recognizable disease around the globe. While significant efforts have been made since antimalarial treatments were introduced in the 1940s, the disease continues as an endemic world-wide. Ongoing efforts by global public health leaders and scientists continue to track disease patterns, causes, and effects on health outcomes to continuously work toward protecting and saving lives. Although current prevention efforts such as insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) have impacted the rates of malaria, other advances are being made to control and eradicate malaria. Novel interventions such as spatial targeting for predicting risk in endemic geographic regions, using microbes to eliminate mosquito

Approximately 3.2 billion people, which is more than half of the world’s population, are currently at risk of developing malaria (WHO, 2015). While, this health crisis is affecting 97 countries in the world, the vast majority of the cases are located in Africa. As of 2013, there were 198 million cases of malaria and an estimated 584,000 deaths of which, approximately 78% occurred in children under 5 years of age (WHO, 2014). The goal of this research is to determine the potential impact of climate change on the future global transmission of malaria. This paper will present a comprehensive analysis of the current data on climate change and examine the potential impact a drastic shift in climate could have on the transmission of

Malaria is a vector-borne, fever-producing disease caused by infection with one of four species of apicomplexan parasitic protozoa in the genus plasmodium. It is the most important arthropod-transmitted pathogen in the world today in terms of numbers of cases, deaths, and economic burden. Acquired from the bite of an infective Anopheles mosquito, malaria caused by plasmodium falciparum in which febrile paroxysms recur irregularly, is the most severe form of malaria. It has the highest levels of parasites in the blood and is a disease that is responsible for 880,000 deaths per year worldwide (WHO,2009). Vaccine development has proved difficult and resistance has emerged for most anti-malarial drugs.

Malaria, a treatable and preventable disease, is still a major public health threat in spite of years of numerous control and intervention strategies. In 2015, the World Health Organization reported 214 million new malaria cases and more than 430,000 malaria related deaths. Sub-Saharan Africa accounted for 88% of the new cases and 90% of the deaths, with pregnant women and children under five being at the highest risk of infection. Malaria is a devastating disease that accounts for about 10% overall disease burden in Africa and more than 40% public health expenditure (Ntonifor & Veyufambom, 2016). The high malaria incident rate in sub-Saharan Africa is attributed to high transmission rates from highly efficient vectors. Hence the World Health Organization recommends vector control and other prevention strategies like use of long lasting insecticide treated nets (LLINs), indoor residual spraying (IRS), and intermittent preventative treatment. This literature review will analyze past studies and World Health Organization reports to examine adverse outcomes of malaria infection among different populations, common interventions that have been used to control malaria infections, challenges faced in malaria prevention, and prioritizing strategies to control and prevent Malaria in Africa.

1. According to Michelle Roberts, “Global efforts have halved the number of people dying from malaria - a tremendous achievement,” the World Health Organization says.

fourteen die each year from Malaria. From these figures it is easy to see that

The World Health Organization has written, “The Global Technical Strategy For Malaria 2016-2030.” The report will be published in December of each year until it's conclusion. This program has set ambitious but achievable goals in the reduction of morbidity and mortality caused by malaria. It aims to do this by increasing proven prevention strategies and increasing access to treatment for those most vulnerable to infection. The program has four goals. The first goal is to reduce mortality by 40% in 2020, by 75% in 2025 and 90% by 2030. The second goal is to reduce incidence of malarial infection by the same percentages during the same years. The third goal is to eliminate endemic malaria in at least 10