Global Warming Has A Effect On The Size Of The Vector Population

Malaria is a very contagious parasite transmitted through mosquitoes to humans. Those at risk are individuals living in areas conducive to the breeding of mosquitoes, especially those that allow the mosquitoes to complete their growth cycle. Everyone is at risk

Climate change has affected us in many ways, but it was even more influential on organisms and their community. The Earth is gradually heating and we are left to deal with the consequences. Homes are being destroyed, organisms are dying, and resources are running low. Since 1880, Our Earth’s temperature had increased by about 0.8 degrees Celsius. Climate change is affecting the Earth and scientists say that one more degree will greatly affect people from all over the world. There are many consequences of climate change and each one has a great impact on all of us, but organisms’ homes are being destroyed and thousands of species are dying out. These organisms are imperative to our world and how it functions.

Current environmental health problems that will likely exacerbate due to climate change include changes in air and water quality, and increase in parasite growth and chemical pollutants.

(WHO 2015) It is now generally acknowledged that the global climate is changing as the earth becomes warmer, in particular due to the burning of fossil fuels. Human health may be impacted by shifting the geographic range and seasonality of infectious diseases, possibly increasing vector borne disease rates, disturbance of food-producing ecosystems, and increasing the frequency of extreme weather events such as droughts, cyclones, floods and bush

Malaria (also called biduoterian fever, blackwater fever, falciparum malaria, plasmodium, Quartan malaria, and tertian malaria) is one of the most infectious and most common diseases in the world. This serious, sometimes-fatal disease is caused by a parasite that is carried by a certain species of mosquito called the Anopheles. It claims more lives every year than any other transmissible disease except tuberculosis. Every year, five hundred million adults and children (around nine percent of the world’s population) contract the disease and of these, one hundred million people die. Children are more susceptible to the disease than adults, and in Africa, where ninety percent of the world’s cases occur and where eighty percent of the cases

Currently, one of the major problems in the world is the rapid change of our climate. Years of research and studies have linked climate change to the spreading and occurrence of many infectious diseases. Vectors and pathogens that were not able to spread to certain countries before because temperatures were too low for them to survive in are now being able to habituate these parts of the world because of how much warmer our planet is becoming. This is concerning to us because infectious diseases can increase death rates. Therefore, if our planet continues to get warmer, the more infectious diseases will spread, and the more humans will die. This research paper attempts to provide a better understanding on how diseases are spreading more

Climate Change affects the T. Cruzi parasite greatly, if the host (humans, animals, etc.) live in average/”good” housing conditions then the bug will not be able to affect them. T. Cruzi is a silent killer. In the acute phase, you will not have many symptoms, but the ones that you will have will be hard to link with the T. Cruzi parasite itself. With rising temperatures, the colony will expand North and more people will be at risk of exposure. Since you can’t really be affected by this parasite while living in any good housing conditions, the animals around you may still have a high chance of infection. This may increase the expansion of the colony greatly as well. Charles Darwin once said while in Argentina, "It is most disgusting to feel

According to the World Health Organization, a 2008 study showed that in the last 100 years, the world has warmed by approximately 0.75oC (Cruickshank 354). This warming has been and is a major factor that has contributed to the increase of destructive weather events. Such could be true in the case of the deadly typhoon that struck the Philippines in November of 2013. These weather events, in turn, contribute to the fact that infectious disease is the cause of approximately 37 percent of all the deaths in the world. This statistic is only expected to increase as a result of global warming. Additionally, over 40% of the citizens of developing countries and less than 2% of the citizens of developed countries are infected at any given time (Chan et al. 330). This is a staggering inequality, and it is undeserved that many of the countries that are being the most affected did little to contribute to the cause of global warming. This is why developing countries were specifically chosen to be looked into opposed to the entire earth population. Now, that some context has been given, more specific examples and studies can be looked into.

In the past, the only ticks found in Canada were those in southern Ontario. Now, ticks can be found in all provinces in Canada as shown in figure 1. In 2014, there were only 500 reported cases of lyme, however, it is expected to reach 20000 by 2020 (Mangione, 2015). With temperatures averaging 2 degrees more than what they were 50 years ago, Canada has become an ideal breeding ground for these ticks (Weather Network, 2013). There are issues with this because many doctors in Canada are not trained to deal with lyme since it was never relevant in Canada. With the numbers rising, many people have to go to the United States to get diagnosed with lyme and to receive proper treatment. Even in the US, many doctors are unable to diagnose a patient with lyme. Another example of an environmental disease that is now prevalent in Canada is west nile virus, which is spread by infected mosquitoes. These two environmental diseases are not serious with proper treatment, however, other environmental diseases that have not made their way to Canada have the potential to become very deadly, for example, the dengue fever. Dengue fever is transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito, which is currently found in only tropical and subtropical regions. If the average temperature in Canada were to continue to increase at this rate, dengue fever and other environmental diseases would become

Global warming may increase the risk of some infectious diseases, like malaria, dengue fever, yellow fever, and encephalitis. These diseases are spread by mosquitoes and other insects, and could become more common if a rise in temperature allows those insects to live farther north. Also, the increase in rainfall that is likely to occur with an increase in global temperature would serve to help increase the reproduction of the vectors. In February 1999, Britain's Institute of Animal Health linked outbreaks of the lethal horse fever virus in Africa to the El Nino phenomenon. The warming and increase in rainfall in Africa caused by El Nino led to many more horses being bitten by infected vectors. The scientists said their research shows this pattern is likely to happen with other vector-borne diseases when global warming occurs. Increased temperatures could also reduce the gestation periods of disease vectors, which could aid the breeding of strains resistant to pesticides. Scientists also hypothesize that algae

Animal- borne diseasesbefore there was high climate change, obviously there were less diseases that could be spread by pathogens

In the introduction of Thomas Gale Moore’s essay, he states that “Threats of global warming are bringing on a plague… infestation we speak of is a plague of misinformation, infecting the public consciousness and blurring the issue of the effects of climate change on human health in a swarm of anxiety and confusion”. One of his sources states that “global warming is not the current problem. It is a collapse in public health measures, an increase in drug resistance in parasites, and an increase in pesticide resistance in vector

The population of ticks would increase in response to climate change and the range of ticks are expanding due to warmer winters. I believe an outbreak of tick borne diseases will occur soon and cause a rapid decline in population.

The ability of populations to survive and reproduce in specific environments are measures of adaptability (Dobzhansky, 1970). So when environmental conditions change, polar bears have an increase in environmental stressors. Rapid climatic warming may change the diversity of pathogens in polar bear populations. Pathogen diversity is the variety of viruses and diseases being spread in a population. Climate change exposes the Arctic species to new pathogens. The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) has a crucial role in vertebrate immune systems (Weber, et al., 2013). According to Follman, Heuffer, and O’Hara (2011), living in the Arctic is a way the polar bears avoid such pathogens. However, slight environmental temperature shifts can translate

other ways. The heat that is produced can damage our crops. The temperature will allow