Globalisation: What's New? What's Not? (and so What?), Globalisation and American Power.

It is not a new phenomenon but it is arguably the most significant, yet problematic and controversial change in the modern era. The report will analyze globalization by first scratching the surface and examining the positive claims associated with globalization and the way in which it has cemented economies and countries like Australia and China. The report will focus on three main claims: (1) Globalisation is about the liberalization and global integration of markets (2) Globalisation benefits everyone; and (3) Globalisation furthers the spread of democracy in the world. However, through the discussion will come to light that Globalisation is a doubled edged sword comprising of negative consequences, which at times may question the validity of this

While the U.S. has always been globally involved, in the late 19th century, the American power grew globally to a larger magnitude. The increased globalization of the U.S. began from the Chicago World’s Fair, which symbolized innovation, integration and exchange of cultures and ideas, travel, and military capabilities. The Chicago World’s Fair was America’s way of claiming to be a world power.1 With the increasing power, however, also came many difficulties. The American workers and businesses were vulnerable due to global trade. More specifically, agriculture in the United States shouldered the burden of industrial development and increasing globalism. Social differentiation became more pronounced and tensions grew.2 However, the U.S. continued

The United Nations states that globalisation “is a widely-used term that can be defined in a number of different ways. When used in an economic context, it refers to the reduction and removal of barriers between national borders in order to facilitate the flow of goods, capital, services and labour… although considerable barriers remain to the flow of labour… Globalisation is not a new phenomenon. It began in the late nineteenth century, but its spread slowed during the period from the start of the First World War until the third quarter of the twentieth century. This slowdown can be attributed to the inward looking policies pursued by a number of countries in order to protect their respective industries… however, the pace of globalisation picked up rapidly during the fourth quarter of the twentieth century” Globalization has expanded quickly in the course of recent years; the primary helping variables are regularly highlighted as:

The theory of globalization today is a field of intensive debate as the efforts towards defining globalization most often highlight its individual aspects. According to Held and McGrew (1999), “globalisation is an idea whose time has come, yet it lacks precise definition”. Despite the ambiguity of the term “globalisation,” the use of the term, according to Held and McGrew, reflects increased interconnectedness in political, economic and cultural matters across the world creating a shared social space. Given this inter-connectedness, globalisation may be defined as: “a process which embodies a transformation in the spatial organisation of social relations and

To begin, globalization is a process of nations, corporations, and individuals moving from a national level to an international level. James Rosenau states, "Globalization seems appropriate to denote the something that is changing humankind's preoccupation with territoriality and traditional arrangements of the state system (Purkitt, 15)." As globalization enters our political, economic, and cultural worlds, it has both costs

Contemporary literature reveals that globalization continues to gain widespread popularity in the political and business world (Yeung, 2015) because of its ability to encompass the diverse set of economic, political and cultural processes (Kelly, 1999). Despite of its popularity, the literature on globalization remains highly ambiguous and chaotic (Jessop 1999, as cited in Yeung 2015). As (Byrne & Glover, 2002) suggest that meaning of globalization differ from scholars to scholars, to one analyst, it may present a way to promote economic growth and cultural exchange (Bryan & Farrell, 1996; Thurow, 1999, as cited in Byrne & Glover,

Gunter and van der Hoeven (2004) holds that, globalization can be defined as: ‘’The unification of economies and societies driven by new technologies and new economic relationships, and the national and international policies such as international organizations, business, labour and civil society’’ (p.1). The process of

Globalization focuses on the increasing connections and exchanges around the world. Instead of simply focusing on regional

First off to understand how Globalization may affect people around the world one must understand what it is. According to one definition in Communication Between Cultures by Samovar, et al., “globalization is ‘worldwide interconnectedness, evidenced in global movements of natural resources, trade goods, human labor, finance capital, information, and infectious diseases.’” this means that globalization strings many pieces of the world together. Though this is one definition of many the aspect that resides in mostly all the definitions is that there are effects on lives from other’s interactions and the blending of cultures. These pieces of the world include many other cultures in the world and is what makes globalization cross culture. It also involves matters such as world trade and international business, technology and travel, and competition for natural resources, families and values.

The world as we know it is vastly changing all around us, becoming exponentially “global”. But what does it truly mean to become global or to globalize? This term is being used by rhetoricians, professors, political candidates and business people alike, yet globalization is a vastly broad and unfamiliar concept to a majority of people. Personally, before enrolling in this class, I thought I knew what the general idea of globalization was, as rudimentary and elementary as my knowledge of the topic had been. However, after only exposing myself to a minuscule amount of cultural literature throughout the course of this class thus far, I have greatly expanded my understanding of what the true meaning of globalization is: a process that is

As discussed earlier, globalisation has great influence in the economic sector of a nation state, most of all if it is a member of Global South. Under the Economic Development theory, countries subscribe to the idea of globalization under the aspiration of raising the living standard of its people similar to what Global

The incident and the growth of globalisation is as complex to figure out as an precise meaning of the phrase. The very first overall look of globalisation is topic to different conversations as there are multitudinous techniques and thoughts. Sklair (2002, p. 29) declares in her guide Globalisation: Capitalism & its Solutions that globalisation is to be seen as a latest understanding in public sciences even the press protected this topic already for a while. On the opposite Mountain (2009, pp. 13-14) associates the overall look of globalisation to the record of company and company and the technical improvements in different times. Schirato and Webb (2003, pp. 1-9) tried first to comprehend the phrase of ‘globalisation’ and the power behind labeling a pattern, what made it available for everyone. Also Albrow (2000, p. 21) indicates the complexness of interpreting a certain take-off for globalisation, but locations it as a sequence of modernization.

Firstly, present economic globalization has opened the door of opportunities for most of the countries. Though developed countries are making most profit from this opportunity but developing and even least developing countries are also exploiting the mutual benefit. Due to open competition local productions in less developed and developing countries are achieving better performance and standard. Economic globalization is also creating employment opportunities in those countries. On the other hand states are losing their monopoly on tax collection due to mismatch of economic and political jurisdiction, and internet-based trade. Thus, on one hand economy has become priority for states, and on the other hand states losing part of its control on economy. Therefore, economic globalization is exerting its authority on political and state power.

Globalization, like most phenomenon, is controversial. It is defined as the “increasing cross-border flow of goods, services, money, people, information, and culture” (as cited in Ariely, 2011). Though, it has been around for many years, the extent at which it impacts economies, international relationships, and everyday life has become more profound than ever before. Due to its controversial nature, there have been many critiques of its process. Postcolonial critics have argued that it is merely the latest stage in a long history of oppression and exploitation by Western nations, and that the idea of “global citizenship” is just another way for the West to impose its values on the rest of the world. This is not the first claim to be made against globalization, with many others throwing around claims of “Americanization”, and “global erasing the local”. This is due to the lack of understanding of globalization as not just a historical process, but also a “conceptual change in which people are aware of world as a single place, … [with] an important effect on various types of social identities around the world (as cited in Ariely, 2011). However, this process does not seek to eliminate local, social, or national identities. “Globalization and localization are inseparably linked” (as cited in Sobol, 2016). It creates a symbiotic relationship between the global and the local, where they complement and aid each other. The process of globalization is not the latest stage of oppression by Western countries, but rather “the global integration [that] hastens the worldwide convergence of cultures” (as cited in Sobol, 2016). Globalization is a phenomenon that benefits our world, as it is responsible for the integration of cultures, the rise in economies, and aids in international relationships.

Globalization is a social process independent of man’s will. It is also a dynamic development process with inner contradictions and a dual nature. Although it provides a rare historic opportunity for many countries to develop, it also creates differences, competition and conflicts of interest. Globalization’s contradictions and dual nature also exert a complicated influence on contemporary international relations.