Globalization And Cosmopolitanism By Thomas Friedman

We are said to be living in a world with a transparent and yet to develop war. But how can anyone really see it and understand it if no one is aware of how tragic events happen, who and how many people, countries and nations are behind it and how it all connects to technology. At least, that is what Thomas L. Freidman writes about in his article “Globalization: The Super-Story”. Friedman's article was a very interesting read, especially since it touches upon some pretty dense and forgotten subjects, such as global politics, technology and history. When I read the title of this article I expected Friedman to discuss about global markets and the interaction of nations yet I was amazed when he expanded on the supermarkets and how globalization

James Howard Kunstler is an environmental author residing in the state of New York. He contributed a piece to The Guardian Weekly, in 2005, entitled, “Globalization’s Time Is Up”, which acknowledges that our social infrastructure hangs by a thread, and that thread is cheap energy and global peace. Globalization, Kunstler notes, and its irresponsible consumption of linear resources, will drive humanity to war, in the race for the worlds remaining oil. His argument is a strong but there is an enthymeme left unaddressed. Business ethics, linearity and planned obsolescence are problematic attitudes within the essay’s arguments but Kunstler never emphasizes on them beyond colorful words and finger pointing “cheerleaders”. The author also fails to supply solutions to the issues he raises, which leaves readers numb and helpless. Nonetheless, he touches base on things that most of us refuse to admit in order to keep our comfort zone intact. It is neglected facts like these that have led us into an age of ignorance and that is strange considering we live in a time where information is more accessible than ever before, thanks to the internet.

Provided the themes talked about in this course, “Greed, Globalization and the Gift,” various anthropologists offer informative explanations to how the economic and reciprocal system evolved throughout many decades. Anthropologists claim that through it’s earliest historical findings of societies (i.e. AD-21st Century), reciprocity played an important role when it came to human relations between one another, our moral remits and belief that goes along with it. Economic anthropologist such as David Graeber would coin reciprocity as various levels of morality, values and fairness, mutuality and balance within today’s society (Graeber 2011:91). In the economic aspect of reciprocity, social beliefs such as religion and culture influence the formulated

Neoliberal globalization is an economic system that promotes free market policies of liberalization, deregulation, privatization, and the cutting of social support systems. The International Monetary Fund and the World Bank help promote these policies by making structural adjustment programs conditions for any aid or support. Unfortunately, once structural adjustment programs are put into place they tend to disrupt developing countries’ economies and end up making them even worse off than before. Before the 1980s, developing countries had a per capita growth rate of more than 3%, once these policies were put into place growth rates dropped to 1.7% (Hickel 2012: 7). This provides evidence that these programs are pushed at developing countries

New technology has played a major role in spreading the idea of cosmopolitanism because it allows people to share their beliefs with clarity around the world. The use of computers allows people to publicize their conversation on social media which limits the amount of false information people receive. It makes it easier to learn about events that are not happening in a person’s hometown. Appiah thought “we have obligations that stretch beyond those to whom we are related by the ties of kith and kind, or even the more formal ties of a shared citizenship” (69). The philosopher wanted people to step outside there comfort zone and learn about other communities and their values and customs, being educated about different cultures along with respecting

There are many opinions about globalization. Most people that I know agree that globalization is a good thing. Appiah’s essay uses religion to display the ways religion has changed due to globalization. Appiah himself says that he is a product of globalization because he has a Ghanaian father and a British mother. He uses Ghana as one example of how globalization has affected religion.

What is Globalization of the local? In this chapter, the way of looking at globalization is that is contrast the traditional view of Americanization. The phase of globalization began to get exposure when the fall of the Berlin Wall there was a justification around the world that globalization means “Americanization”. Globalization is known to have haven an American look, an American face and an American taste. The American clothing designers and American-fast food chains was the best advantage if the fallings walls in the flattering of the world Friedman states, that there was concern that globalization was really “Americanization” in the form of American cultural imperialism. The reason behind this statement is because many of American cultural products such as, (music, films, restaurants, etc.)

Kwame Anthony Appiah, who is the author of the book Cosmopolitanism is also the Laurance S. Rockefeller University Professor of Philosophy and a member of the University center for Human Values. Appiah believes that conversation can help end separation and boundaries people have around the world. Conversation can allow for cultural exchange, acceptance and resolve differences. After reading “Making Conversation” and the “Primacy of Practice” I believe conversation works as a positive model for resolving and managing world problems to a certain extent, depending on the individual/people you are talking to. Overall, some people you will try to converse with may be hard-headed and so stuck on their views and others will be willing to compromise. Either way, conversation opens doors to new thoughts, perspectives, and voices to unheard views.

In The Globalization Paradox, Dani Rodrik articulates a reasoned, cohesive argument which calls for the temperament of unbridled, dogmatic globalization as advocated by the current international status quo.

“The World is Flat” by Thomas Friedman, all came about because he wanted to warn the environment for governments, businesses and individuals that they must stay informed and learn to become ahead of the trends to compete in the ever-evolving world. Friedman's point is obvious that we need to be well-prepared and be educated about this matter, because this trend is undeniable and unstoppable. He finds that it not just exciting, but that is also terrifying because it is not just companies competing, it individuals as well. His notion of world becoming flat emerges from the convergence of two ideas; the global is becoming an entirely new playing field; and the complexness of 21st century globalization. In explaining what is causing the world

Kellner’s essay is a theoretical articulation of the transformations in global economy, politics, and culture made possible through the reciprocal relationship between technological and communicative revolutions and the global restructuring of capitalism.  He hopes to understand globalization as a dialectic between the progressive and emancipatory features and negative attributes.  His articulation of globalization also recognizes that change in globalized systems is not only imposed from above but can also be contested and reconfigured from below.  Taking all of these elements into account, Keller argues for an understanding of globalization that moves beyond technological and economic optics toward an understanding of

Joseph E. Stiglitz in his book, Globalization and its Discontents, seeks to explain how an institution that is set to ensure economic and political stability in developing nations often fails to contribute to their progression. Loans made by international institutions, such as the IMF, and the World Bank, are often promoted as to have the ultimate aim of enhancing a state’s domestic economic stability and international capabilities. The author mainly focuses his arguments on critiques of the IMF and its actual motives for lending enormous amount of money to countries facing dire circumstances. In addition, Stiglitz elaborates on his argument as he contends on issues affecting developing nations that come as consequence of receiving loans from international lenders. Such issues are result of liberalization, privatization and deregulation of markets.

The paper effectively highlights a research gap on the interesting topic of service innovation. In addition, the paper makes a theoretical contribution to the economic theory of globalization (Huttons and Giddens, 2001). On a constructive note, the unit of analysis needs to be clarified and the mix of top journal articles in the literature review needs improvement. A flaw in the paper is the lack of a conceptual model which would depict the relationships between the constructs and provide support for the hypotheses. The research method is straightforward, but the applicability of the dated Hofstede (2001) data requires further explanation. Without further rationale, a fair criticism could be the paper is a belated spin-off from arguably overused Hofstede (2001) data. Moreover, the lack of attention to detail, including numerous grammatical and reference errors, distracts the reader from the content. Lastly, the results and analysis are well presented and supported with practical guidance to transnational businesses.

Transnationalism as an economic process which involves the global reorganization of the production process, in which various stages of the production of any product can occur in various countries, typically with the aim of minimizing costs. Economic transnationalism could also be known as Globalization. Multinational corporations could be seen as a form of transnationalism since in those they seek to minimize costs, and hence maximize profits, by organizing their operations in other countries by expanding borders and giving opportunities to people from all around the world who then later, interact with each other through work. However, I think the most interesting space for discussing transnational cultural practice is in the realm of technology. The world grows smaller as modes and types of communication become faster, more efficient and more easily accessible globally. For example, WebEx and even Facebook is in many ways a transnational cultural meeting space where people from different nations, groups or cultures are all updating status, liking and scrolling together.

Globalisation is a multi-dimensional manifestations, a process of interaction and integration within the world, and is a highly discussed and contested topic in today’s context. Globalization includes aspects like: economics, politics, ideas, knowledge, culture, society, environment, health, social etcetera. Though globalization can be traced back into time immemorial, but the extent and magnitude of present globalization is unprecedented. The integration and interdependence of globalization implies that today local event can have global impact and vice-versa. With the ongoing globalization process, it raises concerns about international security. Academic debate of whether globalization is bringing more security and stability or it is creating more security concern, is on. Globalization in one hand offers possibility of economic development, stability, political liberty and peace but it on the other hand raises precarious vulnerabilities and thus offering violence and instability. The international relation theorists are also divided on the issue of impact of globalization. Realism and Neomarxism offer negative view about the effect of globalization on security. On the contrary, Neoliberals and Constructivists treat globalization as a positive contributor to the security and stability. Globalization being a vast topic with multidimensional impact on international security is difficult to accommodate within this essay. Therefore this essay will highlight economic