Glomerulonephritis Research Paper

* Ultrasound. An ultrasound uses high-frequency sound waves to generate images of your internal organs, such as your kidneys and bladder, on a computer screen.

An abdominal ultrasound is a useful way of examining internal organs. Because ultrasound images are captured in real time, they can show movement of internal tissues and organs and enable physicians to see blood flow. This can help to diagnose a variety of conditions and to assess damage caused by illness.

Another form of imaging is ultrasound. Ultrasound, which uses very high frequency sound, is directed into the body. And because the tissue interference's reflect sound, doctors are able to produce, by use of a computer, a photograph or moving image on a television. Ultrasound has many application uses on the body, but is more commonly used in examinations of the fetus during pregnancy, because use of radiation may affect the outcome of the baby. Some other practices for ultrasound include examination of the arteries, heart, pancreas, urinary system, ovaries, brain, and spinal cord. And because sound travels well through fluids it is a very useful technique for diagnosing cysts( which are filled with fluid), and fluid filled structures such as the bladder. And since sound is absorbed by air and bone it is impossible to use a ultrasound on bones or lungs.

PET is the only method that can detect and display metabolic changes in tissue, distinguish normal tissue from those that are diseased, such as in cancer, differentiate viable from dead or dying tissue, show regional blood flow, and determine the distribution and

Injury to the glomerulus and the tubules presents the onset of Intra-renal failure (Matzke, 2011). Some of the frequent causes for Intra-renal failure are glomerulonephritis; pyelonephritis; and tubular injury. Post-renal failure develops from things like ureteroliths, tumors, or anatomic impediments. Opposite of the acute form, the chronic form has a slow onset that has no early stage symptoms. It is important to know that following an acute episode a chronic renal episode often follows, and at this juncture the damage is irreversible. Glomerulonephritis and pyelonephritis combined, has been reported to be the forerunner in as much as half the cases from acute to chronic renal failure. Diabetes mellitus, renal vascular disease, such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, polycystic kidney disease, drug damage, and nephrolith are all examples of other causes of CKD (Pradeep, 2014). Biopsies of kidneys that suffered with CKD reveal smaller kidneys with scarring on the tubules.

Nephritis is the inflammation of one or both kidneys. Causes may include: kidney conditions, lupus nephritis, neuropathy etc. Types of nephritis include: acute, chronic, glomerulonephritis, and autoimmune. Symptoms include: cloudy and bloody urine or reduced urine, and loin pain.

There is no cure for CKD however it can be treated to relieve symptoms and give the patient a better life and to stop the condition becoming worse. During the early stages of CKD treatments can be given by your GP and mainly involve lifestyle changes such as becoming healthy, doing more exercise and taking certain medicines to assist in controlling blood pressure which then prevents further damage to the kidneys. However if the disease gets worse to the point where the kidneys stop working and functioning properly either a kidney transplant or dialysis which will be explained more in D2 more and it can impact a patient’s life a lot.

The description of a medical Sonographer given by a woman named Eileen Mathers, a vascular specialist. Provides information of how a diagnostic ultrasound can be used to detect different aliments that evolves around the human organs, veins and arteries. The job of an Sonographer can examine the patient’s body so that the doctor knows what to do based off the personnel’s finding. For example an ultrasound can detect a blood clot in a person’s leg.

In nuclear medicine diagnosing techniques, a very small amount of radioactive material is introduced into the body. Because medical isotopes are attracted to specific organs, bones or tissues, the emissions they produce can provide crucial information about a particular type of cancer or disease. Information gathered during a nuclear medicine technique is more comprehensive than other imaging procedures because it describes organ function, not just structure. The result is that many diseases and cancers can be diagnosed much earlier.

This will also help exclude bilateral obstructions in high risk patients. Sonography has the ability to use Doppler, which aids in assessing renal perfusion. This procedure is non-invasive, does not use radiation, or contrast. There is less long term effects that may affect the patient later on down the road. The technologists have the ability to see blood flow of the kidney. This imaging modality has the capability of detecting cysts, obstructions, fluid collection by using sound waves. With many patients having allergies to contrast, having claustrophobia by being in a MRI or possibly a CT, this modality allows the patient to be comfortable without any fears. There are some factors which can affect the diagnosis such as obesity, barium in the intestines from a previous barium study, and intestinal gas (Hopkins medicine.org, 2018). Sonography seems to be the best way to go when it comes to diagnosing a patient with renal failure. The ability to determine fluid, abscesses, shape, location, and size of organs seems to best way to help protecting patients from radiation damage and contrast allergies. Kidneys are an important part of life, it is imperative we do what is needed to make sure they are functioning to keep us

CKD will cause the body to retain many excess fluids and waste that are normally filtered out to prevent internal harm throughout the body. With kidney disease there will be a rise in blood pressure due to the amount of extra fluid that is retained in the blood vessels. This fluid retention will cause the passageways to become narrow and make blood passage through the vessels increasingly difficult, in turn causing an increase in blood pressure. There will also be an increase in protein and blood found in the urine because it is not filtered out properly by the kidneys. Swelling will occur in the extremities and around the eyes because of the fluid retention as well. The longer the urine goes unfiltered the harder it may become to urinate due to pain or blockage or there may be more frequent night time urination (The National Kidney Foundation, 12).

Chronic kidney disease is a progressive disorder defined by the loss of renal function. The primary causes are hypertension and diabetes mellitus, but CKD may also be the result of lupus, chronic glomerulonephritis, chronic pyelonephritis,

Kidney failure is the result of kidney disease that has either not been treated, or failed to respond to treatment. Some kidney diseases are: Acute kidney failure (potentially reversible), Acute nephritic syndrome, Goodpasture syndrome, Atheroembolic renal disease, Glomerulonephritis, Polycystic kidney disease, and chronic kidney failure (end stage) (United States National Library, 2010). The usual treatment for kidney failure is medication and dialysis. Dialysis is used for end stage kidney failure, when the patient has lost

obstruction to the kidneys, an imaging test which include CT scans or MRI to reveal a more

Glomerulonephritis is a disease that affects the glomeruli of your kidneys that filters the waste in your blood. Your glomeruli becomes damaged because of a problem with your body's immune system. Salt and extra fluid begin to build up in your kidneys, making them unable to filter properly. There are two types of Glomerulonephritis- acute or chronic. Acute Glomerulonephritis can be caused by a skin or throat infection or by other illnesses such as lupus. Chronic Glomerulonephritis can develop over time without any symptoms. Sometimes the disease runs in the family, but with most cases of glomerulonephritis disease the cause is unknown. Glomerulonephritis can affect anyone with diabetes, or other kidney diseases. It is commonly seen in young