Golden Dart Frog Lab Report

The purpose of our experiment is to test animal behavior and reactions to a change in environment. Our guiding question is, “Why do living organisms respond to environmental factors?” This is basically a question that is asking why living things will react a certain way to environmental changes. The task to answer this question is to experiment with changing environmental factors with pill bugs.

A total of 59 participants took part in this experiment. They were split into two independent experimental groups, one being the control group, and the other the experimental group. There were 30 participants in the control group, and 29 participants in the experimental group. The male to female ratio was fairly equal with

At the conclusion of the experiment, the two hypotheses were reviewed. Because the water temperature did affect the normal respiration patterns of the goldfish, the null hypothesis was disregarded and the alternative hypothesis was accepted. From the results of this experiment, it was concluded that although other environmental factors could play

This type of isolation is when populations mate at different times, including seasons, time of day, and years. The measurement data states that the average gestation time of the St. Kitts rodent is 29.3 days and 42.7 days for the Nevis rodent. This means, the period of time the females carry an infant until birth is quite different. According to the data, the average time these particular breeds spent in courtship displays are 12.6 second in the spring for the St. Kitts and 35.3 seconds, also in the spring, for the Nevis rodent. To explain, the extent of seconds spend on attracting a mate with different displays is highly dissimilar. As an elaboration, the diverse time durations of things like gestation and courtship display have become too different between the previously mentioned populations to

An association between enzyme production, gene copy number, and gene evolution was explored by conducting analysis of the salivary amylase enzyme, AMY1A gene copy number, and the ancestral starch consumption in Homo Sapiens (Tracey 2017, p.22). It was hypothesized that the relative amount of starch consumption was very high for my personal ancestral diet, thus my AMY1 diploid gene copy number in my genome and salivary amylase concentration would be significantly higher than the population mean. With a population of 28 subjects (n=28), individual saliva samples were collected and compared to a calibration curve to determine the approximate amylase concentration by analyzing absorbance values. Individual samples of buccal cheek cells were

In this set of materials, the reading passage states the attempts to stop the spreading of cane toads in Australia and provides three reasons of support. While in the listening, the speaker opposes the passage and says that the attempts are unsuccessful and could cause environmental damage. Also, she refutes each of the author’s reasons.

In the set of the reading and the listening, they both discuss how to destroy cane toad in Australia. On the one hand, the reading argues that it is three easy ways to stop the spread of the cane toad: building a national wall, telling volunteers to capture the cane toads, developing a disease virus to destroy them. On the other hand, the professor opposes by stating that the three methods that present in the reading passage is not useful but also cause more harm to the environment.

In each experiment , the pillbugs showed taxis. We observed how pillbugs incline toward dark and warm environments. There was a major distinction when the pill bugs picked between the dark and warm condition, 48 pill bugs went to the dark condition and 12 went to the light condition. By utilizing the chi-squared analysis, the calculated value ended up being 9.6 for the light and dark condition. This value was more prominent than the critical value of a 3.84. This implies the null hypothesis rejected in light of the fact that there is no contrast between these two conditions.When it came picking between the warm or cold condition there was a major distinction , 42 went to the cold condition and 18 went to the warm side. By utilizing the chi-squared

The Rhinella marina or Cane Toad has a diet consisting primarily of insects, such as beetles, honey bees, ants, winged termites and crickets (Cameron, 2016). The Rattus norvegicus or Rat is a mammal which has an omnivorous diet, common foods within the rat’s diet are grains, fruits, vegetables, seeds, nuts, insects and other small animals (Dray, 2017). A strong connection between the diets and digestive systems within these animals is highly apparent. The exterior anatomy of the toad connecting to the digestive system is a wide jaw, a long tongue and no teeth. The extendable and lengthy tongue of the toad is used to catch living prey, which is then swallowed whole. Contrastingly, the rat has four long and sharp front teeth, these are the incisors

The most limiting factor present throughout this investigation was the limited sample size of the Freddo Frogs. As stated several times throughout this investigation, a larger sample size produces more accurate and reliable results, however, only a sample size of 20 Freddo Frogs were used to minimize the economical costs involved. Therefore, the results obtained through this investigation may not have been very accurate or reliable due to the limited sample size. Therefore, a larger sample size should be used to obtain better results and allow the mathematical functions (Central Limit Theorem and Confidence Level Intervals) to be applied effectively and produce reliable

The goal of the experiment is to determine whether sniffy the rat will associate a flash of light with the tone which is presented with a conditioned stimulus of a tone. It is predicted that sniffy will eventually learn to associate to light with the tone and this will elicit a conditioned response in terms of the shock presented in stage one. There were four stages in the experiment each consisted of five trials over the course of five minutes, the first stage was shown with the first stimulus of a medium tone followed by a second stimulus of a shock on high. The second stage had a first stimulus of a medium light followed by a medium tone. The third stage included only a medium tone and the fourth stage was presented with a medium light.

ways to adapt the frogs and other animals for their protection. They use them as fighting

What are the biological constraints in Classical Conditioning? Report the procedure and results of two studies supporting your answer.

Behaviourists regard behaviour has a response and stimulus which is determined by the environment one lives in. With this reductionist idea, it is therefore easy for behaviourists to control experiments. Behaviourists carry out experiments with control over variables, precise measurements objectivity and observability, resulting in very reliable results. However, some critics may argue that behaviour is studied under artificial conditions which do not match real life environments, resulting in low ecological validity. Furthermore, another strength of this approach is that all three of its theories, classical conditioning, operant conditioning and social learning theory have succeeded when applied to its studies. For instance, classical conditioning is when new behaviours maybe acquired through association between an environmental stimulus and a neutral stimulus. An example of this is Watson’s little Albert experiment (1920) where the neutral stimulus (white rat) and

Biodiversity presents occurrence of variety of species and their natural community in which they live. By the definition it is “The degree of variation of life forms within a given species, ecosystem, biome, or an entire planet. It is a measure of the health of ecosystems and is in part a function of climate.” (Rutherford) Ecosystem is on the other hand, “ community and its abiotic environment”( Rutherford). Biodiversity exists in every ecosystem, weather it is big one, or just ecosystem of one garden, it has the same importance because without it nature loses its ability to perform major functions needed for life on Earth, as it is oxygen production. Trough this investigation, two different ecosystems will be explored and