Goldman Sachs IPO Case

Tidal Community bank is a success business for a period of time until the day the management realized that the growth has been slow down and to maintain the growth, Matt, chairman and CEO and John, president and COO, have decided to expand their market by acquire a bank in a larger metro area. While both John and Matt, as well as Granary’s management believe that this will be a right direction for the long term development of the bank, Eagleeye, the largest investor and other institutional investors do not have the same opinion on the expansion plan. They believe that the strategy to success in a local community area will not be the same as in a larger metro area, which means they will receive an undesirable outcome.

Businessmen in New York establish Wells, Fargo and Company, destined to become the leading freight and banking company of the West.

We also know that Louis was contemplating a possible IPO exit strategy before the end of the holding period term. To estimate a multiple for this IPO exit, we need to look at the Price/Earnings ratio for Dollarama. Using the same methodology as above, we compared Dollarama to the same group of companies and computed the average P/E ratio for the set, see Exhibit 6a. We will consider the values for the year 2005 and will take a multiple of 24.6 for an eventual IPO exit.

Like any other “Robber Baron” during the late 1800’s, J.P. Morgan was no different. He controlled finance and industrial consolidation and was well-known for being a banker. Credited for being one of the few to shape the U.S., Morgan did have a lust of power and greed, but that doesn’t stop him from being America’s leading businessman. His impact goes as far as the present with the many companies he created.

The management of JetBlue and its underwriters can also price the IPO using valuation multiples. JetBlue can employ the most current comparable data of the most appropriate competitors in terms of value in the airline industry. Valuation multiples that can be employed include, but are not limited to P/E multiples, EBIT multiples, EBITDA multiples. In this scenario, I choose to use Southwest airlines and Ryanair as the major benchmarks, because they are both considered as major low –fare airlines, and are key competitors in the United States and Europe. Nevertheless, I believe the P/E ratio is the stronger valuation tool to determine the true value of a firm. Using this method we come up with a share price of $19.32 for Southwest

Q1: What role do market makers play in the trading system? How do they profit from this role? How do the market makers compete with one another?

The problem to be investigated is the application of business ethics. In the business world, ethics are extremely important. Ethics are prime elements that help a business to grow and to become more productive. It is by applying proper business ethics that a business can operate in a moral or ethical business environment and managed to conduct all activities in a manner that maximizes profits while not compromising all other non-economic concerns(Schwab, 1996). Businesses have over the years failed to nurture business ethics in order to fulfill shareholders' interests and to have a culture that is oriented towards profit maximization and high performance(Jennings, 2012; Sims & Felton, 2006). This has led business to have gray areas in their activities. Gray areas are those situations or problems that do not fit exactly into any ethical analysis. These are the activities which may be represented to be immoral as a result of lying and false representations on the part of the business.

4. The article said that K12 was the closest comparable company to Rosetta Stone. Rosetta Stone is marketable to a larger consumer base than K12, so I think that it should be able to charge a higher IPO. The case said that book was more than 25 times oversubscribed during its road show which means Rosetta Stone could charge a much higher price. But these subscriptions are volatile and the economy is recovering, so a price too high could deter many investors. For my analysis I took the EBITDA margin for years 2006-2008 and found the average increase during that time to be 9.93%. I then took the estimated share value from 2008 and multiplied it by 1.0993 to factor in the average increase in share value. This resulted in a price of $19.22. Given this number I would increase the current range from $15-17 to $19-24. The reason for the increased range is because of the

In 2000, Louis Elson, managing partner of the U.K. based private equity firm, Palamon Capital, is pondering acquiring a 51% stake in TeamSystem S.p.A for the growth opportunity that TeamSystem possesses, hoping that such move would increase his firm’s presence in the increasingly competitive international private equity market. Even though Palamon has the opportunity to acquire the 51% state, Louis Elson must convince his colleagues at Palamon about what 51% stake is TeamSystem is really worth, how the deal would benefit Palamon standing both financially and in the equity market and whether Palamon Management should go ahead and make the investment considering both financial and non-financial implication of the deal.

Group Case: JetBlue IPO Valuation
Finance 6806, Fall 2014

Abrar Khayyat
Rajesh Maraj
Veronica Paez

November 10, 2014

Q1 – What was up with Wall Street? The Goldman Standard and Shades of Gray.

There can be a number of reasons for a company to go public or private. There are benefits, as well as disadvantages that go along with either course of action (Exhibit 1 for details). When firms decide to go private, they are no longer listed on any stock exchange market. The pressure of keeping accounting regularity and reporting to the public is no longer an issue. Instead, firms can be more flexible to reorganize the business profile as well as the management team. In many cases, shareholders and board members receive very rewarding financial benefits from this transaction. However, in some situations, public firms do not have a choice in the matter, as is the case in a “hostile takeover”.

Buying influence or engaging in conflicts of interest: Goldman engaged in activities were the companies and their customers’ interest conflicted. Still they moved forward in making money off them. Also, although not specifically stated on the case, the fact many formers Goldman executives held government positions proved to be a conflict of interest itself. Some of those people still had strong relations within Goldman and it can be said that one way or the other Goldman took advantage of that.

(1) According to the case, global IPO activity during the first quarter of 2012 fell to $14.3 billion, which was dramatically down from $46.6 billion during the first quarter of 2011. In addition, we can see in Exhibit 5 that IPO activity in US have dropped sharply since the second quarter of 2011. Number of deals dropped from 383 in the second quarter of 2011 to 157 in the first quarter of 2012.

So investors should worry that Alibaba wouldn’t be share a significant amount of the value created with them over the time. Actually, lots of global public companies have a large shareholder with a lock on control, but normally controlling shareholders often won a substantial portion of the equity capital that provides them with beneficial incentives. In the case of Alibaba, investors need to worry about the relatively small stake held by the members of the controlling Alibaba Partnership (Bebchuk, 2014). All those factors shows Alibaba’s structure does not provide adequate protections to public investors. So investors expect Alibaba changes its Corporate Governance strategy, for instance Jack Ma need to reduce his stake in Alibaba within 5 years, including by having shares in Alibaba granted to Alibaba employees. It also should give more power to the shareholder’s to guarantee shareholder’s right which will seeks to allay investor concerns. If Alibaba change their strategy, giving its stockholders’ strong confidence, the business success of Alibaba might be large enough to make up for the costs of diversions and give public investors with good returns on their investment in the