Gonorrhea Is The Second Most Prevalent Sexually Transmitted Disease

STD’s have been around for a long time, dating back to 1550 B.C. During this time the first recorded form of an STD was found. They were reported to be found in Europe. Gonorrhea and Syphilis are recorded to be the two most common diseases in Europe. Some men on Christopher Columbus’s voyage brought back syphilis with them. Syphilis causes progressive destruction of the brain and spinal cord, leading to mental dysfunction and hallucinations, speech problems and general paresis (G. Burg). The common knowledge of STD’s have been around but have not been able to be treated up until around the late 1700s.

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is the obligate human pathogen that causes the sexually transmitted disease (STD) gonorrhea. This Gram-negative diplococci/gonococci does not infect other animals or experimental animals and does not survive freely in the environment. The gonococcal infection occurs in the upper or lower tract, pharynx, ophthalmic area, rectum, and bloodstream. During the 1980’s gonorrhea was also referred to as “the clap” when public awareness was quite minimal. This was one of the venereal diseases prostitutes hoped to contract since it resulted in infertility by pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). As documentation, diagnostic testing, and public awareness improved, there has been a decline

It is reported in the work of Wang (2008) that during the years of 1988 to 2003, "84.1% of patients in the GISP were African American, whereas during that same period 83.0% of male patients in the United States reported through the National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System to have gonorrhea were African American." The gonorrhea rate among African Americans was reported at "18 times greater than the rate for white persons." (Wang, 2008)

Chlamydia is the most common sexually transmitted disease in the United States. Most people who have chlamydia don’t know that they have it because they have no symptoms at first. According to my understanding, Chlamydia is not as serious as some of the other sexually transmitted diseases since it is curable. Although it’s a curable disease, it could cause major complications both in men and women. In the following essay, we are going to learn ways in which chlamydia is contracted and how it is prevented and cured.

10- Gonorrhea- is a contagious bacterial infection that’s been known since ancient times. symptoms of Gonorrhea

various shapes of nuclei, of the gonorrhea pustule exudates with humans as its only natural host.

Treponema pallidum bacterium, commonly known as Syphilis, is a disease that has wrought havoc on enumerable individuals and societies throughout the last millennium and some researchers postulate that its origins lie in the periods of prehistory (12 Lobdell, Johns E. 1974). Many modern theories presently exist in the scientific community in regards to the origins of syphilis and whilst a consensus has not been reached,

Syphilis, AIDS, herpes, these are something no one wants, unfortunately, thousands live day to day in hiding with these diseases. The number of reported sexually transmitted disease, also known as venereal disease, have greatly increased since the mid-1900s. There are roughly twenty-five different types of sexually transmitted diseases in the United States that we encounter, such as HIV, AIDS, genital warts, chlamydia, herpes, gonorrhea, hepatitis, syphilis, vaginitis and trichomonas’s. In most states today, medically, accurate sex education is required to be taught in public schools to the youth community at some point to educate about the uncaring world of sexual diseases. However, the processes to educate our youth are simply outdated

Most People might say “what is Trichomoniasis“? Well until today I didn’t know of this STD either. Trichomoniasis or Trich is a very common sexually transmitted disease also called a STD that is caused by infection with a protozoan parasite called Trichomonas vaginalis. Although symptoms of the disease vary, most women and men who have the parasite cannot tell they are infected.

Gonorrhea is similar to chlamydia in that it does not usually have symptoms, and the ones that are displayed are similar to those of chlamydia. The symptoms in men are more obvious than those seen in women, who may not show symptoms until the bacteria has spread to cause infections in other reproductive organs. In both men and women, there is a chance of the bacteria reaching the bloodstream and causing heart inflammation and many another diseases. To treat gonorrhea, only cephalosporin drugs (a type of antibiotic) can be used because of gonorrhea’s developed resistance to penicillin, along with most other antibiotics. The case becomes different when patients have both chlamydia and gonorrhea and a different treatment plan has to be

Neisseria gonorrhoeae, commonly known as gonorrhea, is a gram-negative bacteria found in the family Neisseriaceae. This proteobacteria does not form spores, cannot move (have no flagellum), are encapsulated in a bacterial capsule, and are non-acid fast. They are diplococci, found in pairs of round kidney-bean shaped bacteria. They are small, smooth and colourless with flattened sides. These obligate aerobes need oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other nutrient supplementation (usually chocolate agar) to survive. They produce the enzyme β-lactamase, allowing N. gonorrhoeae to resist certain antibiotics. There are 70 known strains of N. gonorrhoeae, and they produce colonies after 18-24 hours of incubation.

Syphilis is a contagious disease caused by the Treponema pallidum bacteria. Its primary means of transfer is through sexual activity that includes oral and anal sex. Though our society can now cure the disease with antibiotics, there are no united consensus as to its origin in fifteenth century Europe. Though the Columbian theory is the most accepted theory used to explain the mysterious arrival of the disease, two other prominent contending theories exists. They are the Pre-Columbian theory, and the Evolutionary theory. Within each theory can be found a historical account of what may have contributed to the spread of the disease.

There are thirteen serogroup classifications of Neisseria meningitidis that fall under the genus Neisseria which are closely related to Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Of the thirteen serogroups - A, B, C, D, 29E, H, I K, L, W-135, X, Y, and Z only three genetic strains have been sequenced: Z2491 from serogroup A, MC58 from serogroup B and FAM18 from serogroup C and all three of those strains contain a single circular chromosome that has a GC pair content of 51%. Several strains of this bacteria contain pili which enhances their pathogenicity giving them the purpose to adhere to surfaces, move, and transform their genetics. N. meningitidis are aerobic bacteria containing high catalase and oxidase activity. The reason for a high catalase allows them to compensate for oxidative damage in a low-pressure oxygen environment for their lack of a superoxide dismutase enzyme. Neisseria meningitidis is characterized as a parasitic, aerobic, gram-negative diplococcus that is non-endospore with a niche in the human nasopharyngeal. Its genetics consists of a surface polysaccharide capsule. In addition, their morphological colonies tend to appear smooth, moist and gleaming. The bacterium can produce gamma-glutamylamino-peptidase and typically grow on plates with

My article if from the Washington Post titled “Gonorrhea Is More Dangerous Than Ever As Resistance To Antibiotics Grows,” written by Lena Sun. According to the article, Neisseria Gonorrhoeae is a drug-resistant diplococcal (coffee bean-shaped) bacteria, which causes gonorrhea and is the second most common infectious disease in the United States. This bacteria is only found after sexual contact with an infected person after the bacteria attach to the nonciliated epithelial cells of the fallopian tube, they are surrounded by the microvilli that draw them to the surface of the mucosal cell. The types of sexual or direct contact that it can be transmitted by include oral, anal and vaginal sex.

All states have a reportable diseases list. Gonorrhea is one of the conditions on that list. Therefore, the case must be reported (U.S. Department of Health and Human Service). In this scenario, the physician cannot make an exception because it is mandatory.