Government Bureaucracy And The Economy

Syria and Lebanon are two dramatically different states with a deeply intertwined history. They were both born out of French interventionism following World War 1, and have experienced complex and strained relations ever since. The two nations have both experienced prodigious political turmoil since gaining their independence, with both suffering from civil wars and conflict with their mutual neighbor, Israel. The war and turmoil that has plagued these two countries can be traced back to various competing national interests, as well as a struggle for regional power. The various religious groups in the area have historically formed transnational advocacy networks with the intent of influencing regional politics. These groups have proved to of been a major factor in the history of both nations.

s the head of the federal executive, the President is in charge of the vast federal bureaucracy. With the power to appoint department and agency leadership, dismiss Cabinet officials, issue executive orders, and control the budgeting process, the President can exercise considerable control over the federal bureaucracy. At the same time, the sheer size of the bureaucracy itself often undermines the ability of the President to influence and control it. By exercising bureaucratic discretion, agencies may mitigate the problems caused by the size of the bureaucracy.

“The government, which was designed for the people, has got into the hands of the bosses and their employers, the special interests. An invisible empire has been set up above the forms of democracy.” This quote by Woodrow Wilson fits perfectly with the topics that will be discussed. The major theme of this paper is bureaucracy. Bureaucracy refers to an administrative system in which agencies staffed largely by non elected officials perform specific tasks in accordance with standard procedures. The work of the bureaucracy involves implementing laws and procedures. Does this sound familiar? That is because most bureaucrats work for the executive branch of the government. The executive branch is the one that enforces the laws. Some of these law enforcing jobs include mail clerk, police officer, fireman, and first responder. These jobs are essential to our lives as Americans and are greatly appreciated. This paper will expound on the history, usage, and the Cabinet

Even still, many farmers are losing their businesses and unemployed laborers are forced to look elsewhere for jobs. Iraq has become more depended on oil reserves to support its economy, and its main industries include petroleum, chemicals, textiles, leather, construction materials, and food processing. Syria's two main sources of economic revenue are oil and agriculture. The Euphrates river plays a major role in the agricultural economy of Syria by supplying it with 80% of its water resources, but ever since the civil war began in 2011 against president Bashar Assad, the economy in Syria has undermined. Inflation has soured in Syria's economy and unemployment is at an all-time high of 60%. Another change from ancient history till now is that Mesopotamian trade has expounded from domestic trade along the Tigris and Euphrates rivers to the importation and exporting of goods worldwide to this day.

Bureaucrat is a dirty word to some people in modern society, so how can a bureaucracy be a good thing? Many Public Administration theorist, argue that bureaucracy is essential to the growth and expansion of the United States. Most of the criticism of the bureaucracy within the government is based on myth versus reality. Federal agencies play a critical and a valuable role within society and are indispensable to the operations of the federal government. Bureaucracy can be simply defined as the system in which decision are made by Public Administrators rather than elected officials (legislator) within the government. However, when the average citizen of just says the single word bureaucracy thoughts and images of evoked over how negative

The word “bureaucracy” has a negative connotation to many people. The fact is that our current system of government would not be able to survive without bureaucracies. The bureaucracy has become the “fourth branch” of the government, it has quasi-legislative and judicial powers and in it’s own field its authority is rarely challenged. The presence of these large, inefficient structures is necessary if the American people want to continue receiving the benefits that they expect.

The appropriate role of government in the economy consists of six major functions of interventions in the markets economy. Governments provide the legal and social framework, maintain competition, provide public goods and services, national defense, income and social welfare, correct for externalities, and stabilize the economy. The government also provides polices that help support the functioning of markets and policies to correct situations when the market fails. As well as, guiding the overall pace of economic activity, attempting to maintain steady growth, high levels of employment, and price stability. By applying the fiscal policy which adjusts spending and tax rates or monetary policy which manage the money supply and control the

Americans depend on government bureaucracies to accomplish most of what we expect from government, and we are oftentimes critical of a bureaucracy’s handling of its responsibilities. Bureaucracy is essential for carrying out the tasks of government. As government bureaucracies grew in the twentieth century, new management techniques sought to promote greater efficiency. The reorganization of the government to create the Department of Homeland Security and the Bush administration’s simultaneous push to contract out jobs to private employers raises the question as to whether the government or the private sector can best manage our national security. Ironically, the criticism of the bureaucracy may be a product

Discoverers found Syria’s large deposits of oil fields in the 1980’s. Following this discovery, the government had decided to form partnerships with the foreign companies ConocoPhillips and Shell Oil. With Syrian economy being vastly socialist, there was a hindrance to most foreign investors. In January 2007, some reform came by way of new investment laws allowing foreign companies to export more of their profits. Therefore intriguing new foreign investors to have increased value in Syria (Unknown, “Background Note: Syria", 2011). The country’s large agricultural field is somewhat crippled due to many variables. Its farming and agricultural goods come largely from its rural areas. These farms and crops are 95% privately owned. Yet the government still controls selling locations for the goods. In addition, the transportation means for shipment of these goods (Raphaeli, 2007). The traditional farming and lack of modern irrigation equipment is a trend that largely hinders this department as well. Farming has crippled during droughts and times of seldom rainfall. Due to the 80% of farmers that depend on rain fed sources rather than irrigation systems (Dougherty, 2004). Much of the Syrian economy stands to need some degree of modern reform with internet, cellular, and credit card services

Within the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries American a supports a common tone. Racism and discrimination based on sex was commonplace as white men were primarily recognized. Such a tone expresses one’s individuality only for those with fair skin and oppression for those in slavery.

In 2011, Egypt’s economy was disrupted by a revolution that resulted in the dethroning of its president. During this period of economic and political downturn Egypt’s economy grew

Economic growth and development are hindered by the presence of barriers that in turn nullify the trade opportunities with which the country is endowed. Cutting tariffs and quotas is the main barrier for trading because it would decrease government’s revenue. It is difficult for Tunisian government to decide whether cut tariffs and quotas, although it would increase the trading volume.

The economy in the United Arab Emirates has experienced substantial increases in the last 40 years. The UAE’s capabilities with the pearling and oil industries have given the region its necessary budgets to expand so rapidly. The economic policies in the UAE have gone through stages, since the birth of the region in 1971. Changes in economic welfare of the markets, and privatization policies are also key aspects in understanding the UAE’s economic liberalization and growth. In order to understand the UAE’s economic standard, economic liberalization must be analyzed. The argument of this paper will discuss how economic liberalization has occurred in the United Arab Emirates and is continuing to grow.

The Middle East region is a conservative cultural and religious area that grew at only half the rate of other developing countries during the 1990s. A number of factors such as structural imbalances, the so-called 'curse of natural-culture and religious conflicts, are highlighted for the slow economic development in the Middle East. Similarly, Abed (2003) identifies five main causes holding back the economic growth of the Middle East i.e. lagging political reforms, dominant public sector; underdeveloped financial markets; high trade restrictiveness and inappropriate exchange regimes. apart from these , some of the others factors include the lack of integration into the global

In Lebanon is it hard to finance the government because of the slow money growth and dollarization, which results in a burden to the ‘Central Bank’. Some of the measurements that the government has put primary emphasis on privatization are: the telecom sector and electricity, Beirut port, and water utilities. Lebanon’s is U.S’ fourth largest source of imported goods; the U.S has more than