Grapefruit Solar Cells And Blackberry Solar Cell Lab Report

increasing the waste of HCl. Water was also used to wash the vial to remove all solids

The concentrations and absorbances of the red and blue dyes were used to find the concentration of the purple dyes. From the graph of the blue dye, the linear equation for absorbance was y = mx + b. From that formula came the equation y = 7.915 x 104 (x) + 0.02489, where y represents absorbance, m is slope, x is concentration/molarity, and b is the constant/y-intercept. The same set up was performed for the red dye, but the equation produced was y = 1.045 x 104 (x) +.001298. The equations found when graphing absorbance vs. concentration were used to find the concentration of the purple dyes. The absorbance for purple dye 3 on the red wavelength of 470 nm equaled 0.149 and 0.818 for the blue wavelength of 635 nm. For purple dye 1

In Part 1 of the lab, a solar cell was created and tested for its capability to conduct electricity. After researching the processes that contribute to the conductive property, it was found that the oxidized substance is the dye, as it donates an excited electron to the titanium oxide. Consequently, titanium oxide is reduced before it donates an electron to the cathode. The electrolyte solution was found to replenish the dye with electrons so it could continue to act as a reducing agent.

The wavelength of the light should be a different color from the solution’s color. This is because if the color of the wavelength of the light is the same color as the solution’s color, then the color would not be absorbed. The only way that a solution can absorb a color is if the color of the light’s wavelength is its complementary (opposite) color. The color of the light chosen for this experiment was blue because the wavelength was set to 430nm, which corresponds to blue's wavelength. The color of the FeSCN2+ complex ion is blood-red.

This current value could show that there was a lot of resistance within the solar cell. This high resistance resulted in this very small current which has detrimental effects on the power that was output. Due to the power output being very low this meant that the fill factor was drastically effected, which thus resulted in the efficiency being very low. So all in all, the reason why this solar cell was not good in terms of efficiently functioning is because of its internal design specially its resistance. Another reason why the current value was very low may have been because of the size of the cell itself. Overall, cell 2 was shown to have had the lowest efficiency out of all four cells that were

The dyes in the laboratory experiment are made of numerous colors, mainly red and blue, the spectra from each of the dyes corresponded to the wavelengths obtained from each of dye i.e. 620 nm for red and 450 nm for blue.

When the beetroot sample is heated for a longer period of time, it is exposed to the vigorous and frequent vibrating molecules for a longer duration. This further disrupts the cell membranes making them more fragile, thus more pigment will leak out into the external solution. With more leakage of the betacyanin pigment, the % transmittance should be lower, indicating that the % of light that is able to pass through the beetroot solution should be less as duration heated increases.

Pigments-pigments change the colour from the natural colour to make it more pigmented which is making the colour stronger and

We used ethanol when we used the crystal violet dye for instance. The ethanol allows the tightening of the peptidoglycan layer, making it parched and devoid of water, which in turn forces the stain to stay within the cell. When this happens, we can observe the cell accordingly under a microscope.

Washing it with water with dish soap. You could use this in two ways. Preparing water with dish soap

In this experiment, paper chromatography was used to determine what pigments were present in spinach extract. From this experiment, we can see that four different types of pigments are present in the spinach extract used, the following are those pigments: chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, beta carotene, and xanthophyll. The absorption and reflection of these pigments all revolve around the basis of the electromagnetic spectrum. The form of electromagnetic radiation is released as light and overall it is a type of energy that travels in waves. Going back to the spectrum itself, all the different types of electromagnetic radiation combine to form the electromagnetic spectrum, which tells us which colors can be absorbed and/or reflected. Each wave

Solar cell is a structure that directly converts solar energy into DC electrical energy. Solar cell acts as battery because it supplies DC energy.

A major component of photosynthesis is the absorption of light. Light is a form of electromagnetic radiation, and travels in waves (“Light and photosynthetic pigments”, n.d.). The distance between the tops of one wave to the next wave is wavelength. In brief, the shorter wavelength indicates higher energy, and vice versa (“Light and photosynthetic pigments”, n.d.). The electromagnetic spectrum visible to human eye includes wavelengths between 400 nm to 700 nm (“Light and photosynthetic pigments”, n.d.). Red light has the longest wavelength, about 700 nm, therefore, carries the least energy; while violet is the shortest wavelength (400 nm) with the highest amount of energy (“Light and photosynthetic pigments”, n.d.). The middle group ranging from low to high energy are orange, yellow, green, and blue, respectively (“Light and photosynthetic pigments”, n.d.). The main photosynthetic pigments are

data of PV solar cell using Lab VIEW software. First of all, solar radiation will

India is the seventh largest nation with an area of 3.287 million km2. Moreover, it is a relatively rich and rapidly developing country; for this reason demand for electricity is growing on significantly average at around 5% annually. In addition, one of the most fascinating aspects of solar cells is their ability to convert the most abundant and free forms of energy into electricity without moving parts or components. Also, they do not produce any adverse forms of pollution that affect the ecosystem. India’s rooftop solar capacity addition grew 66 percent from last year to reach 525 mega watts. The state power grid system has supplied electricity to approximately 80% of the population living in the state capitals and industrial centres. Based on recent studies, PV technology and application is economically viable to be adopted in tropical countries like India where it receives more than 7 hours of direct sunlight each day throughout the year. Hence, India now tends to move on the new trend of solar energy. To measure the data continuously was not an easy task for earlier technology because of lack in advancement of software technology. So, we have used LabVIEW software for continuous measurement. It provides all the facilities in one place. The LabVIEW software is a national instrumentsTM product that is used to monitor the data for real time applications. Laboratory Virtual instrumentation for