Grey Wolf Research Paper

Wolves and coyotes are very smart animals. They have extremely good eyesight and sense of smell. They can hear calls from very far away and they both have dog-like appearance, but although wolves and coyotes are very similar physically, they have very little in common in terms of social behavior.

o Yoite was born intersex between female and male. His mother had died during childbirth. While he was just a kid his family had wanted to kill him and telling him to die and that he wasn't wanted by his biological family. He had came to where Grey Wolves are and Hattori had taken him in. Then he had went to live with Yukimi. As Yukimi was his guardian from the Grey Wolves. He hadn't spoken to Yukimi during all that time. Then one day, he was in such agonizing pain. Koharu had been trying to fat him up, but nothing works. One night, he had been on the sofa and not talking not until Yukimi had said Yoite. He had liked the name, so that became his name.

On Earth years ago, wolves were a daily struggle for our ancestors. During the Ice Age, it was a harsh time for the humans and dogs so, they made a beautiful friendship. When humans made that friendship between dogs, scientists teamed up and stared learning

Figure 2. Hunting behaviour of grey wolves: A) chasing, approaching, and tracking prey (B-D) pursuiting[12]. harassing, and encircling (E) stationary situation and attack [2]

As a direct descendant of the wolf, the modern dog exhibits something like 85 to

Well how that came to be is dogs are related to wolfs because they came wolfs but not like in to the family or nothing like that it just means that they have a lot of similarities like they both howl and walk on all fours they also have sharp teeth and some of them are nice and some are not they all have fur to keep them warm but they also have non thing in common which means they don't all have things in common because some of them are what us humans like to call meat eaters they eat meat. and they travel in packs and some are very territorial some are even dangerous but regular dogs are different

There are several theories on how the evolution from wolf to dog came about. One theory is that the human environment attracted wolves. Wolves started following people around to take advantage of food scraps that were left behind. Eventually, wolves lost fear of people, and people lost fear of wolves. The benefits of this new relationship were not just one way. Wolves also helped humans by sniffing out prey and helping them hunt. Success likely meant the humans would share their food with wolves. This is a very popular theory, but it has been disputed. Archeological digs show that the early dogs were not eating the same mammoth meat that the humans were eating. Instead, their main diet consisted mostly of less popular human meat such as reindeer. The prehistoric dogs also had many broken teeth and severe facial wounds. Although these injuries could be from fighting with other dogs, many scientists believe the dogs had been beaten with sticks, leading many to assume the relationship between man and prehistoric dog was not as companionable as the theory would suggest.

During the long, cold ice age, there were these wolves that transformed into dogs over a very long period of time. They transformed into a very unusual way. The wolves and human's used to be mortal enemy to each other, so the wolves would stay from the humans and the humans would stay away from the wolves so no one would get hurt. Then at night when the scraps from the human's supper was put out the wolves would go and eat it. When the wolves went to eat, they grew closer and closer to humans. Generation after generation some of the wolves transformed into soft cuddly dogs.

While modern morphometric analyses have had greater confidence in early dog identification, the conundrum of multiple origin points has made it difficult to postulate where the origin point is located using this type of analysis alone (Larson et al., 2012). Genetic studies have been more accurate in identifying the origin point and time frame, but have often contradicted each other (Larson et al., 2012). Determining the differences found between village dogs and wolf populations is the first step in evaluating data from genetic studies (Shannon et al., 2015). The process of genetic evaluation makes it possible to identify wolf/dog differences far better than morphometric analysis (Druzhkova et al., 2013). For example, after evaluating the haplotype of remains found in the Altai mountains of Russia, it was found that they were more closely related to modern dogs and prehistoric New World canids than contemporary wolves, suggesting that the Altai were one of the breeds that underwent early domestication (Druzhkova et al., 2013). Conversely, SNP comparison has determined that Middle Eastern wolves are the source of a large volume of genetic information in domesticated dogs (VonHoldt et al., 2010). Correspondence has been found between genetic and phenotypic

In the article "Using DNA sequencing, study says dogs evolved from European wolf” it states that some dogs back in the day were used as pets. In other places of the world they were used for farming or for meat purposes. Some dogs were used as hunting helpers. Scientist claim that dogs were tamed around the Ice Age in Europe. They say that many dogs have evolved from the european wolf, which is now extinct. Scientists believe at first we stayed away from wolves because they were big and mean. The wolves from today have nothing to do with dogs said one scientist. In fact many scientists claim that tracing dogs’ ancestors has been very hard because many dog bones are similar to wolf

Wayne and his associates who conducted Mitochondrial DNA control region sequences on over 302 species of canines ranging from dogs and wolves, not only supported the original belief that wolves are the ancestors of dogs, but that dogs originated more than 135,000 years ago. (Science, Robert K. Wayne et al., 1997) Abstract Note this data suggests the first origin of the dog and not the wolf, which further cements the fact that the domestication of dogs had to have happened shortly after they were founded, only ranging in a 500-1000 year gap from the first sighting. But going further back it states that wolves and coyotes coincided and are said to have originated around 1 million years ago, and then later found near the bones of hominids around 1 million - 400,000 years ago, which shows that there had already existed a hominin – Canidae relationship potentially even 1 million years ago. (Science, Robert K. Wayne et al., 1997) Journal Furthermore, studies in the late 1990s have confirmed that Gray Wolves were the direct descendants of dogs today as they share 99.9% of DNA. (Science, David Grimm 274) Journal Due to this fact, it is plausible that wolves and coyotes were already domesticated, and travelled around with their hominin companions, and since dogs are the direct

Dogs are believed to originate from wolves, but theories investigate and lead to the cross breed of a wolf and a coyote. "Scientists have used DNA evidence to show that, more than likely, the dog did indeed descend from the gray wolf". (HowStuffWorks) Other research such as the mitochondrial DNA of a dog suggests that dogs and wolves were a completely different species about 100,000 years ago. In DNA scientists have found more dogs have a higher percentage of wolf genes from wolves native to the middle east. With these studies scientists believe that the middle east was the original location where domestication occurred. Historians believe that dogs were first domesticated by humans before any other animal. Much scientific evidence was based on the behavior and appearance of dogs. Canines were specifically said to be just tamed wolves but in other cases researchers believe wolves were attracted by humans waist. (Beam) This means these wolves were attracted to human settlements. These canines first were socialized because they were brave enough to approach humans, yet not so aggressively because they were getting fed. After a period of time passed dogs features adapted to being fed and not having to hunt anymore so their features changed overtime. As more time passed and these dogs became more appreciate to humans, humans started to breed the dogs to help with hunting, herding, taking guard, and carrying heavy stuff. The earliest finding of dog bones that were discovered were in Belgium in 2008 and they are believed to be from 31,700 years

Claims of early fossilized dog-like remains include a 33,000 year old canid from the Altai Mountains in Siberia (OvoDov et.al. 2011). However, the fossil record may not be reliable in distinguishing the emergence of dogs as a separate species. Wolves and humans have lived in the same habitat and interacted for at least 500,000 years. A genetic survey of gray wolves and dogs has shown that the two species have very similar DNA control region sequences. There is only a 1.5% average divergence (Wayne and Ostrander 1999). This difference suggests that dog domestication began approximately 12,000 years ago, most likely in South East Asia and the Middle East during the agricultural revolution (Axelsson et.al. 2013). The role that tamed and trained wolves played in societies prior to the agricultural revolution would have been dramatically

The eager to please and endearingly tame animals that we know today as the domestic dog (MacHugh, Larson, and Orlando 2017) evolved from Pliocene variants of Canis Lupus, the wolf (Vilà et al. 1997). Late Pleistocene canines that fall morphologically somewhere between this wolf and the modern dog have been directly associated with early European human settlements as long ago as 40,000 BP (Germonpré et al. 2009). The close relationships that one can see today between humans and their canine companions have endured tens of thousands of years; more so than any other domesticate, Canis lupus familiaris is indeed humanity’s best friend (Larson and Bradley 2014; Bennett 1977).

are the same species. They also have the same DNA. Hunting dogs are more related to wolves.