Griggs Vs Duke Power Company Case Summary

RULE: The court concluded that the segregation of African American school children “generates a feeling of inferiority as to their status in the community that may affect their hearts and minds in a way unlikely ever to be undone.”

Furthermore, there was a young girl named Linda Brown who attended a school very far away from her house. On the other hand, there is a school not to far from her ,but it’s an all white school. So Linda Brown and her family took it to court saying that blacks not being able to go to any school is a violation of the 14th amendment. The lower courts shut them down so they appealed the case to the Supreme Court. The dissenting opinion was "We conclude that the doctrine of 'separate but equal ' has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal." —Chief Justice Earl Warren. This was the precedent that was established and the final decision.The majority opinion was “The "separate but equal" doctrine adopted in Plessy v. Ferguson has no place in the field of public education.(Find Law)”.Which means that they are saying that since the last case happened on a rail car and not public education it shouldn’t have

In the 1954 trial Brown v. Board of Ed the supreme court majority agreed that “separate but equal” was shown to be inherently unequal. When several cases of African American students being denied acceptance into schools arrose, life in public schools changed forever. In a decision that supported by the fourteenth amendment, the U.S. supreme court ruled against the segregation of schools and allowed African Americans to attend white schools.

What this trial was trying to decide is whether or not having schools segregated by race is taking away the 14th Amendment rights from African American and other minority children. This amendment states that no state is allowed to deprive any person of the privileges that they have while being a citizen of the United States, and one of these privileges is receiving a good education. At the end of the trial it was determined that it did in fact deprive the children of the minority group of equal educational opportunities. This is because, according to court justice Earl Warren in the document Brown v Board of Education, 1954, “Segregation of white and colored children in public schools has a detrimental effect upon the colored children…. A sense of inferiority affects the motivation of a child to learn.

This fact shows that not only were they prevented from going places, they were taxed for things the other people weren't and given tests based on their intelligence skills. It's some of the many laws that restricted the rights of African Americans. They couldn't vote and then was given tests knowing that they didn't really have the knowledge like many of the other people had. This law was apart of the laws that was in place to keep blacks and whites segregated.

In Ricci v. DeStefano there were a group of firefighters who took a written exam for promotion in the New Haven, CT fire department. When the results were tallied, more white firefighters passed or did better on the exam than black firefighters, which would have led to a disproportionate number of white candidates getting promoted. As a result of this, the City of New Haven, CT Fire Department, threw the exam out and no one was promoted. This went to the Supreme Court and they found that by discarding the exams, the City of New Haven violated Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (website).

The Outcome: The Supreme Court states that segregated schools could never be equal to each other. The Court decided that laws requiring separate schools violated the Fourteenth Amendment. This decision supports that all people are equal. As a student, I am affected because people of different race are welcome to go to school where I go to school.

These problems that were being seen at young ages were not likely to go away with time because their learning had already been delayed. Furthermore, the supreme court saw segregation at schools as unconstitutional, “Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, case in which on May 17, 1954, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled unanimously (9–0) that racial segregation in public schools violated the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution, which prohibits the states from denying equal protection of the laws to any person within their jurisdictions,”(Duignan). The education of the student was not the only thing being denied but also the chance to have protection in their own home. The supreme court agreed it was unconstitutional because idea of “Separate but equal,” set up by the Plessy vs. Ferguson court case was not at all being

The Supreme Court declared that the purpose of Title VII is to ensure equal employment opportunities by eliminating those practices and devices that discriminate on the basis of race, color, religion, gender or national origin. After the defendant in this case alleges that in Title VII cases have generally been interpreted to color the word mean the same thing on the basis of race. But laws and case law repeatedly and explicitly refer to race and color. Remainder of this Court with no choice but to conclude, when Congress and the Supreme Court refer to the race and color in the same sentence, which means

The Supreme Court ruled in favor of the districts courts opinion and I would have ruled the same. Under the Fourteen Amendment, the Equal Protection Clause states that no person will be denied equal protection under the law. (Harrison) I believe the blatant segregation and lack of attention to fix the problem showed the concern for the inequality of African Americans. The African-American students were not being treated fairly under the law because they were being forced to go to schools built especially to keep them isolated from the other districts. These schools consisted of an almost entirely black population and were given leftover supplies and second-hand materials. (Chen) Due to the lack of authority and speed of the school system, the districts court’s decision was necessary, but also revolutionary because it challenged the ruling on one of the most important cases in American history. Although, the precedent from the Brown v. Board case limited the action to the states,

Weber, 443 U.S. 193 the court reversed the appellate court affirm the district court finding of collectively bargained affirmative the plan of action violation of the title vii of Civil Rights Act 1964. The Judicial finding some craft exclusion to the rule Such as the following cases, United States v. Elevator Constructors, 538 F.2d 1012 (CA3 1976); Associated General Contractors of Massachusetts v. Altschuler, 490 F.2d 9 (CA1 1973); Southern Illinois Builders Assn. v. Ogilvie, 471 F.2d 680 (CA7 1972); Contractors Assn. of Eastern Pennsylvania v. Secretary of Labor, 442 F.2d 159 (CA3 1971); Insulators & Asbestos Workers v. Vogler, 407 F.2d 1047 (CA5 1969); Buckner v. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., 339 F.Supp. 1108 (ND Ala. 1972), aff'd without opinion, 476 F.2d 1287 (CA5 1973). Also well as, U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, The Challenge Ahead: Equal Opportunity in Referral Unions 58-94 (1976) (summarizing judicial findings of discrimination by craft unions); G. Myrdal, An American Dilemma 1079-1124 (1944); F. Marshall & V. Briggs, The Negro and Apprenticeship (1967); S. Spero & A. Harris, The Black Worker (1931); U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, Employment 97 (1961); State Advisory Committees, U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, 50 States Report 209 (1961); Marshall, The Negro in Southern Unions, in The Negro and the American Labor Movement 145 (J. Jacobson ed. 1968); App. 63,

What the Brown decision provided was a means to challenge the meaning of, “separate but equal”, as it applied to public schooling opportunities for students with disabilities (Blanchett, Mumford, & Beachum, 2005). Before and after Brown, students with disabilities were not necessarily educated in public schools as there were no laws that mandated this. For the most part disabled students were educated in facilities that were separate from the “regular” school setting.

Along with this ruling, the Supreme Court appealed this case. It was believed that the plaintiffs in the case needed more proof. The court wanted the plaintiff to show more reasoning why that individual was denied a job based on race, creed, color, or other factors. The Supreme Court also wanted the employer to show the reasoning behind the testing or the requirements of the job. As a result, the case moved closer to disparate treatment. However, in these types of emotional cases proving the case can be tedious.

In the case of Griggs v. Duke Power Company, 401 U.S. 424 (1971), the company chose to set employment standards in which the

This ruling brought about an end to segregation of students. It was no longer constitutional to separate students because of their race. Although, this was a very great and essential ruling, it only changed things in the educational system to a certain extent. I say to a certain extent because although that and other rulings have changed the system on the surface those rulings cannot and probably have not had an effect on every individual’s mindsets. Racism is