Group Aquatic Aerobics

Introduction: In this experiment, cardiovascular fitness is being determined by measuring how long it takes for the test subjects' to return to their resting heart rate. Cardiovascular fitness is the ability to "transport and use oxygen while exercising" (Dale 2015). Cardiovascular fitness utilizes the "heart, lungs, muscles, and blood working together" while exercising (Dale 2015). It is also how well your body can last during moderate to high intensity cardio for long periods of time (Waehner 2016). The hypothesis is that people who exercise for three or more days will return to their resting heart rate much faster than people who only exercise for less than three days.

The effect of exercise/physical activity on pulse, blood pressure, and respiration rate was tested on biology students. The results of the experiment showed that each of these parameters is affected after engaging in 2 minutes of physical activity. We found that average pulse, mean arterial pressure, and respiratory rate were all higher in males than in females. But, it was also found that women have a longer time to recovery for all these parameters. The reasons for higher pulse, MAP and blood pressure, and respiratory rate could be

Everyone has their own set of strengths and weaknesses. Those with disabilities are no different they just have a different set then everyone else. I chose this project topic because in 5th and 6th grade I was part of a program called Peer Pals. Once a week during recess I volunteered in a special needs classroom. This work opened my eyes to the world of special needs and Peer Pals is one of the things I miss about elementary school. I realized that I needed to continue helping the special needs community. No solutions presented themselves and then one day the solution stared me in the face from it’s home in the Reston Community Center Program Guide. “Volunteer at the Adapted Aquatics Class,” I had found a solution to my problem.

Autism, as defined by the DSM-V, is the demonstration (either in the past or in the present) of deficits in social-emotional reciprocity, deficits in nonverbal communicative behaviors used for social interaction, and deficits in developing maintaining and understanding relationships (autismspeaks.org). Autism is a spectrum disorder with varying levels of severity. Some children may be highly functioning while others remain non-verbal. These deficits can negatively affect a child’s ability to learn and participate in extra-curricular activities. In the classroom, a disruptive behavior may even negatively impact the learning of the other students. Outside of the classroom, communication and relationship barriers typically result in children with autism not participating in sports or other physically demanding activities. Swimming can be a valuable addition to education programs as it is both enjoyable for the subject and contributes to motor development (Mosher 1975 and Wing 1976). A well designed and carefully implemented instructional aquatics program can be instrumental in promoting health and wellness (Auxter, Pyfer, & Huettig, 2001; Lepore, Gayle, & Stevens, 1998). A group swimming and aquatic exercise program has the potential for providing exercise in a social environment and this may have positive aspects on social development and self-esteem in addition to positive effects on health for children with ASD.

Swimming is the ideal practice for some kids, beginning from the time they are children. Not just does it work muscles which would somehow or another be dismissed, it can enhance adaptability, stance and adjust and in addition lessen nervousness and animate endorphins. For kids with asthma, it can be the main route for them to practice without an asthma assault, and those with physical infirmities discover the weightlessness of swimming pool to make swimming moderately easy. It can likewise be utilized as a holding system amongst guardians and their kids with formative troubles.

To test the capacity of a person’s lungs is to use the Functional Residual Capacity method, this measures the amount of air in the lungs after a normal breath. This will be taken before the aerobic exercise is taken place. To measure their lung capacity after the 5 minutes of exercise, their breathing is slightly more forceful and that must be taken into account therefore measuring the Expiratory Reserve Volume which is measuring an exhale that is slightly forceful after exercising. These measurement will be compared in a table along with other data containing height, athletes and non-athletes. One of the ways their capacity is being measured is by using a spirometer although it takes a forced breath to calculate its capacity. Another method

The results of this test show that it provides a valid test to estimate aerobic capacity and shows there is a small measurement of error. A polar heart rate monitor was used to measure the heart rate with a step of 30cm in height with a metronome with a beat at 15 steps, per minute and increased by 5 steps every minute for 5 stages or until 80% of the maximum estimated heart rate was reached. The results demonstrated that the Chester Step technique is a valid predictor of aerobic capacity in males and females from a wide range of ages and fitness levels.

A single-blind, quasi experiment study by Lai et al. was performed to investigate the effects of aquatic therapy on motor function, enjoyment, activities of daily living, and health-related quality of life for children with CP. Participants were aged from four to 12 years old, classified in levels I to IV in GMFCS, and able to follow instructions. Participants who were receiving botulinum toxin injections or had surgery six months prior the study were excluded. They also excluded any child who had a psychiatric or communication disorder, a skin problem or an active infection. 24 children completed the study and were divided into two groups, therapy group (n=11) and a conventional/control group (n=13).

As the fitness industry continues to evolve, there are new challenges coaches and trainers are constantly faced with that they need to be able to learn about in order to adapt accordingly. As the population begins to slowly become more and more health-conscious, there are a variety of populations that participate in exercise--- but for some, there is greater difficulty than others. People with disabilities make up one of the largest populations in the United States, with over 50 million people reporting some form of disability (3). When the fitness professional thinks of the term disability, it is important to realize that the term reaches far beyond the realm of just physical disability that many people think of. A disability is defined by any physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities, such as speaking, walking, caring for oneself, hearing, learning, concentrating, as well as limitations in the function of the respiratory, endocrine, immune, or reproductive systems (7). Disabilities can occur in a number of different forms including: amputations, spinal cord lesions and injuries (i.e., spina bifida), traumatic brain injuries (i.e., stroke), neuromuscular limitations (i.e., Parkinson’s), cognitive (i.e. Down syndrome), musculoskeletal (i.e., arthritis) communication (vison) medical (i.e., cancer), cardiac (i.e., CVD) and pulmonary (i.e., COPD), disorders. Every one

Researchers analyzed 50 studies on cardiovascular endurance from 1964 to 2010. The studies involved 2.5 million kids ages nine to seventeen in 28 countries. Researchers calculated the

The effects of exercise on blood pressure, heart rate, respiration rate and electrical activity of the heart were assessed. The measurements of respiration rate, pulse rate and blood pressures were noted as described in Harris-Haller (2016). Data was first taken from subjects in a relaxed position and then followed by sets of reading after exercising based on one minute intervals. The data also noted sitting ECG traces from Harris-Haller (2016). The respiratory rate, pulse, blood pressure, P wave, QRS complex and T wave were defined for each subject. The class average was calculated for males and females and graphed to illustrate the results by gender for each cardiopulmonary factor.

The specific diagnoses on the Autism Spectrum Disorder scale were grouped together rather than separating them. The relationship between the severity of autism and aerobic exercise should be considered in further studies. Longitudinal studies are needed to explore if participates are continuing with exercise and if the benefits stayed present after the conclusion of the exercise program intervention. This work will bring a greater understanding of how aerobic exercise relates with the challenges that ASD patient’s

Lima, Forjaz, Silva, Menese, Sliva, and Ritti-Dias published an article in 2011, that focused on the acute effect of resistance exercise intensity in cardiac autonomic modulation after exercise. During the study, participants completed three sets of 12, 9 and 6 repetitions, for five different exercises each session. They concluded that the more vigorous the exercise, the better the cardiac sympathovagal balance would be. This means that Lima et al. (2011) have provided evidence to support that with resistance training, primarily of the upper body, helps to maintain a healthy, constant heart rate. Could these upper body resistance exercise produce any additional

To assess cardiovascular response to long-term aerobic exercise with and without fluid replacement will be examined by having four subjects perform both with and without fluid replacement. For Cycle Ergometer exercise on the Monark Cardio Care 827 E exercise bike: Prepare the subject with a heart rate monitor, chest strap, sphygmomanometer and stethoscope. Ensure the subject understands the rated perceived exertion (RPE) scale. Start by measuring resting heart rate and blood pressure. We must account for a 3-5 minute warm-up at lower intensity than the first stage of the exercise. We kept the speed at 40-50 revolutions per minute (RPM) and workload is set on letter D on the Monark Cardio Care 827 E exercise bike, to obtain a heart rate of 135-140 bpm. During this process, we need someone to 1) record data, 2) record time, 3) adjust to resistance, 4) measure RPE and

I predict that during exercise the heart and respiratory rate (RR) will increase depending on the intensity of exercise and the resting rates will be restored soon after exercise has stopped. I believe that the changes are caused by the increased need for oxygen and energy in muscles as they have to contract faster during exercise. When the exercise is finished the heart and ventilation rates will gradually decrease back to the resting rates as the muscles’ need for oxygen and energy will be smaller than during exercise.