Gummy Bear Lab Report

Osmosis is a natural occurrence constantly happening within the cells of all living things. For osmosis to occur, water molecules must move across a semipermeable membrane from an area of low concentration to an are of high concentration. In order to understand osmosis, people must understand the different types of concentrations that can be present within solution. One of them is an Isotonic solution where the concentration of dissolved particles is equal to that of a cell’s. Another is a hypertonic solution where there is a higher concentration of dissolved particles then inside the cell. And lastly there is a hypotonic solution where there are less dissolved particles than inside the cell. As dissolved particles move to a region of lower concentration, water moves the opposite direction as a result of there being less water in the highly concentrated region. In this experiment, gummy bears were placed in salt water, sugar water, and tap water to find the measure of osmosis between the solution and gummy bear.

Osmosis is described in one of three ways when comparing more than one solution. The cell’s external and internal environment helps determine tonicity, which is defined as how the cell reacts to its environment. When the cell’s environment is equal in osmolarity to itself and there is no change, it is considered an isotonic solution. When the environment has a higher osmolarity, shrinkage occurs and it is considered a hypertonic solution. When the environment has a lower osmolarity, swellings occurs and it is considered hypotonic.

Purpose : The purpose for this project explores whether chewing gum can benefit a majority of people with focus and concentration.

We know that water will move through a membrane from more free water to less free water. The higher the solute concentration is, the less free water there is. All of the sucrose solutions are being put in pure water, but the ones with the most sucrose will need the most water to diffuse inside and bring the free water levels to equilibrium, and the ones with less will need less water to diffuse.

The mole is a convenient unit for analyzing chemical reactions. Avogadro’s number is equal to the mole. The mass of a mole of any compound or element is the mass in grams that corresponds to the molecular formula, also known as the atomic mass. In this experiment, you will observe the reaction of iron nails with a solution of copper (II) chloride and determine the number of moles involved in the reaction. You will determine the number of moles of copper produced in the reaction of iron and copper (II) chloride, determine the number of moles of iron used up in the reaction of iron and copper (II) chloride, determine the ratio of moles of iron to moles of copper, and determine the number of atoms and formula units involved in

The lab for this paper was conducted for the topic of osmosis, the movement of water from high to low concentration. Five artificial cells were created, each being filled with different concentrated solutions of sucrose. These artificial cells were placed in hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic solutions for a period of 90 min. Over time, the rate of osmosis was measured by calculating the weight of each artificial cell on given intervals (every 10 minutes). The resulting weights were recorded and the data was graphed. We then could draw conclusions on the lab.

In this experiment, we will investigate the effect of solute concentration on osmosis. A semi‐permeable membrane (dialysis tubing) and sucrose will create an osmotic environment similar to that of a cell. Using different concentrations of sucrose (which is unable to cross the membrane) will allow us to examine the net movement of water across the membrane.

The reasoning behind this experiment is the examine whether the rate of osmosis is changed due to a change in temperature. It was hypothesized that the rate of osmosis will increase as the temperature of the sucrose is increased. The rate of osmosis was tested by using the different jars full of different temperate water and testing how high the water rose on an osmometer over a span of 20 minutes. An osmometer is a tool used to measure rates of osmosis. The different temperatures tested on a sucrose solution were 5 degrees Celsius, 20 degrees Celsius, and 37 degrees Celsius. Rates of osmosis were higher in the hot water than in the cold water and control. The results showed that the rate of osmosis increased as the temperature increased, henceforth the hypothesis was supported. In conclusion, the experiment showed how changes in temperature affect the rate of osmosis.

Review Sheet Results 1. Explain the effect that increasing the Na+ Cl- concentration had on osmotic pressure and why it has this effect. How well did the results compare with your prediction? Your answer: The increase of the Na+Cl- concentration increased osmotic pressure the Na+ Cl- molecules diffused through the 50 mwco membranes and didn't go through the 20 mwco membranes. the more Na+Cl- we added to the 20 mwco membrane, the more the osmotic pressure went up. When I looked at my results I noticed when Na+Cl- was added to the 50 mwco membrane, there was no increase in osmotic pressure. This is becasue the Sodium chloride couldn't diffuse through the 50 mwco membranes. The higher concentration of molecues on one side of the mwco membrane forces the water movement to move to the side of greater solute concentration. 2. Describe one way in which osmosis is similar to simple diffusion and one way in which it is different. Your answer: Osmosis is similar to simple diffusion because both of these precesses have the passive transport characteristic. This is where particles in a solution move from an area of high solute concentration to an are of low solute concentration. Also neither of these processes need energy from an outside source to function. Osmosis is different than simple diffusion because in osmosis, if we have a selectively permeable membrane, this membrane is

After collecting data, the shortest amount of time it took to complete the test without chewing gum was a total of 43 seconds and the time lowered to 38 seconds after testing with gum. The longest time recorded to complete the test without chewing gum was 98 seconds, this time also lowered when the subject completed the second test while chewing gum with a total of 90 seconds. As mentioned before, there was ten tests conducted, seven out of ten of these test proved that what was hypothesized to be true. All seven of the subjects, who completed the second test while chewing gum demonstrated a quicker time frame than they showed in the first test taken. It was hypothesized that those seven subjects had greater blood flow to the brain due to

In experiment two, “Hand-soaking,” I took the remainder of the salt water solution, which was approximately one cup and placed it into a cereal bowl. Into a second cereal bowl, I placed one cup of tap water solution. I placed one of my hands into the salt water solution and the other hand into the tap water solution. I let my hands soak in each of the solutions for 30 minutes and then observed the

In osmosis, the flow of the water from or to a cell depends on whether the cell is immersed in a solution that is isotonic, hypotonic, or hypertonic to the solution. If the cell is isotonic to a solution, this means that the solute concentration of a cell and its environment is the same and therefore there will be no movement of water. If the solute concentration is lower than that of the cell, then water will flow into the cell, causing it to expand. If the solute concentration is lower than that of the cell then water will flow out of the cell, causing it to shrink.

Overall, the results mainly do support the original hypothesis. Throughout the 8 days of experiment, there was no lead, bacteria, or sodium detected by the test kits or the test strips that were used in any of the waters of the water bottle brands and tap water in both environments thus proving the hypothesis that was originally posed, correct. This was the same for the tap water from Quincy, Massachusetts in both environments, thus not supporting the original hypothesis of the belief of traces of lead or bacteria in the tap water of Quincy. However, the original pH estimates for the different types of water were not correct. The hypothesis about how pH balance would decrease in the cooler environment and increase in the warmer environment

This experiment was used to examine the hypothesis that: Osmosis is dependent on the concentrations of the substances involved.

In this lab we are going to discovery how osmosis works using a semi-impermeable membrane a potato slice. Osmosis is known as the movement of water in and out of a cell. To understand how this works we must understand two terms. Hypotonic means the environment has less solutes compared to the inside of the cell. Hypertonic means that the environment has more solutes compared to the inside of the cell. With osmosis water will always move from hypotonic too hypertonic. So the question is will water move into the potato or out of the potato? Will these results change when placed in different morality of salt water? To calculate these results, we will measure the mass of potatoes cut into equal sizes then soak these potato slices in different morality of NaCl for thirty minutes and measure the mass change in each potato slice.