H. M. Milner

In 1848, Phineas Gage was a 25 year old working man. An accident occurred to him at work one day which radically changed how the brain was viewed and known to function. He was helping to prepare the way for railroads to be put down when an explosion happened unexpectedly and it sent a 43 inch tamping iron into Phineas Gage’s head through his face, skull and brain. The tamping iron went all the way through and landed some ways off. The remarkable thing was that Gage became conscious within a matter of a few minutes after the incident. Not only did he wake up but he still had the ability to walk and to talk. Even though Gage survived his injuries he was no longer the same.

As mentioned earlier, memory was an evident theme in Caring for Kait and it’s a part of us that is largely affected by age. Older adults have more trouble with encoding information, as well as retrieving information, while their storage abilities stay relatively the same. With age, comes more tip of the tongue experiences where what we want to say is on ‘the tip of our tongue’, but we can’t quite grasp it (Maitland, 2017). Kaitlyn, after her first seizure, had experiences such as these and had trouble with encoding and retrieval of information. To help her regain her normal mental abilities, Travis would go through light mental activities with Kaitlyn (Ruhland, 2017). These activities would allow Kaitlyn to make connections between incoming information and information she already knew; this is known as linking and is a great rehearsal strategy (Maitland, 2017).

On November 26th 1901, Alois Alzheimer, an assistant physician at the psychiatric institution in Frankfurt met Auguste D, aged 51 (Berrios , 2004). After talking to her and carrying out the preliminary diagnostics, the physicist realized during talking to her that his patient was giving different answers to the same questions. She also often stopped mid-sentence as if she had forgotten what she was going to say. She seemed confused and anxious. When she died, Alzheimer received her brain for analysis. When he was inspecting the brain, he came to notice the neurons had thick, strongly staining fibrils. Moreover, the cortex was full of plaques of unknown composition. Auguste D’s brain

Anyone reading Joshua Foer’s “The End of Remembering” can assume that he knows a lot about the brain and how it works. After all he graduated from Yale in 2004, and later went on to become the 2006 United States Memory Champion. With Foer’s interest in mental athletes he decided to do a journalism project to study them. This project would end up being the result of his book, Moonwalking with Einstein: The Art and Science of Remembering Everything from which “The End of Remembering” is one of the chapters. In this chapter Foer’s lays a solid foundation of the development of writing. He also includes historical views of remembering and how we learned in terms of our memory. Foer not only gives historical views but supports his claims with science

The Center for Neuroscience (CN) at UC Davis is an interdisciplinary group that focuses on learning and memory research. The members of this discourse community vary in age (20 years and older), educational

Friendship, the state of being friends or friendly. Two animals you wouldn’t expect to be friends actually made the best of friends. On one beautiful, sunny day a lion named Kanesala came upon a small mouse named Vendiri. Kanesala was with her “friend” the leopard, Euondose hiding behind a bush ready to attack. Euondose was very shallow and only cared about himself. Kanesala was only friends with Euondose so she would never get assaulted by other animals.

For this homework assignment you will need to watch the documentary, The Memory Loss Tapes and respond to the questions below. The link can be found in the homework block on WAMAP.

throughout his life. One legacy Milne left behind, was the short story series “Winnie the

First, in the summer of my junior year I was fascinated by one of the most complex organs of the human body, the brain. Whether it was books on Alzheimer’s or studies published on the brain’s capacity, this organ never ceased to amaze me. At this level of excitement I began to proactively look into neurology labs. I emailed over hundreds of researchers who had labs in which I was interested in. After looking

Squire et al. (2004) argue that the medial temporal lobe is essential to the system for conscious “declarative” (conscious) memory. In contrast, in Henke (2010)’ s view, the role of the medial temporal lobe, especially the hippocampus, is to support rapid encoding of flexible associations (i.e. episodic memory) regardless of conscious awareness. She indicates that consciousness is not a necessary feature of hippocampus related memories. Henke also does not use the term “declarative memory” since not all the hippocampus-dependent memory can be consciously “declared”.

Since the description of the structures and functions of the nervous system by Ramon Cajal and Sherrington in the 20th century, the capacity of the brain to translate experiences into a number of memories that can last for years has been attributed to long-lasting activity-dependent changes in the efficacy of synaptic communication. However, experimental studies to support this theory was lacking until the early 1970s when a conducted experimental study showed that repetitive activation of excitatory synapses in the hippocampus (brain region essential to learning and memory) caused an increase in synaptic strength that could last for hours or even days (Malenka & Nicoll, 1999).

This is also one of the reasons, the module “Memory: Functions and Failure” excites me, as I have been able to study the neuroanatomy of memory failure whilst witnessing and applying my knowledge to real cases. My unique pre-empt experience and knowledge of neuroimaging techniques and alternative methods of treatment, such as TMS, would benefit me hugely when studying for the Neuroimaging: Methods and Applications

He seems to be particularly intrigued by the investigation of learning, knowledge, comprehension, and tactile representation in the cerebrum, especially the cerebral cortex. In a study done by Lashley, he attempted to find the region in the cerebrum where memories were stored. The way that Lashley did this was by cutting out segments of a rat's brain and instructing the rats to run labyrinths. According to…….Lashley took a stab at uprooting tissue in practically every territory that permitted the rat to stay alive. During his research, Lashley watched as the rats ran the course. After taking certain parts of the brain out he witnessed the subjects still being fully able to find their way through the maze. Lashley presumed that recollections must be spread everywhere throughout the cerebrum, all throughout the

The single mention of its portentous name shrouds neurosurgery in deep reverence and prestigious respect, immediately extoling all its occupants in immortal admiration, similar to Greek alchemists, who isolated themselves in their enigmatic procedures. Endeavored in a mystic itinerary, but hallmarked with habitual success, this onerous career requires only the most adroit and cunning of doctors, talented with nimble and ambidextrous hands along with an omniscient wealth of physiological knowledge. Every individual who undertakes this demanding career must not only be equipped with an omniscient wealth of knowledge to explore the dark folds of the brain, but also must be able to peer into its tenuous obscurity to reap a life-saving