HFRS And HCPS: Pathophysiolytic Analysis

(p133-134, text). * Define metastasis. * Development of a secondary tumor in a location distant from the primary tumor. * Accomplished via lymphatic channels and circulation. * Trace the pathways for the hematologic and lymphatic spread of metastatic cancer cells. Evidence of disseminate disease presence in lymph that drain the tumor area, tumor cells lodge first in the initial lymph node that receives drainage from the tumor site, once in this lymph node cells may die b/c of the lack of a proper environment, remain dormant for unknown reasons, or grow in a discernible mass, If they survive and grow cancer cells, may spread from more distant lymph nodes to the thoracic duct, and the gain access to the blood vasculature, cancer cells may gain access to the blood vasculature from the initial node and more distant lymph nodes by way of tumor-associated blood vessels that may infiltrate the tumor mass. Sentinel

     HSV-1 and HSV-2 look identical under the microscope, and either type can infect the mouth or genitals. Most commonly, however, HSV-1 occurs above the waist, and HSV-2 occurs below the waist. Both HSV-1 and HSV-2 live in nerve cells, usually under

consists of two types; HSV1 and HSV-2, both of which infect humans and are easily

Ans) – The usual causes of hep C is coming in contact with infectious fluids and seretions from

This virus is an extremely common cause of respiratory disease and often results in chronic, often life-long, infection with intermittent recurrences causing respiratory and sometimes eye disease. It is spread easily through airborne respiratory secretions and direct contact with a carrier cat or contaminated objects. Calicivirus a common viral infectious respiratory disease, it can also cause mouth sores resulting in severe oral pain. Spread by direct contact with an infected cat or by contact with contaminated objects. The virus is very resistant to disinfectants and persists in the environment. Panleukopenia a severe, highly infectious and sometimes fatal disease of the gastrointestinal tract, the immune system and the nervous system. The disease is named for the characteristic severe decrease in white blood cells, the body’s defense against disease. The virus is very persistent in the environment. This virus spreads by direct contact with infected cats or by contact with viral particles in the

To finish week 5 we discussed the importance of healthcare professionals being informed about their patients' current CAM use. The importance of CAM is something all healthcare professional need to know and understand because this can be a life threatening issue if a professional does not know about it. In addition as a healthcare professional I must know the back ground of the patient to make sure that the proper care is being given to the patient. It is the duty of the healthcare provider to ask all the proper questions and to get the patient to open up. The power point mention how popular CAM is becoming this is why precautions must be taken, “The widespread use of CAM has produced government agencies who are charged with investigating health

Hantaviruses are a genus of virus that are single-stranded, negative-sensed RNA viruses with a tripartite genome, represented by 45 different species across a worldwide distribution (Dearing and Dizney, 2010). They are pathogens primarily hosted by small mammals, in the family Muridae, with rats and mice making up the majority of these hosts. Hantaviruses first came to be known when two major disease events occurring in the twentieth century lead to the discovery of both old and new world hantaviruses (Johnson et al 2010). Old world hantavirus were first discovered during the Korean War (1950-1953) when over 3,000 U.N and Korean soldiers became stricken with hemorrhagic fever with

1. A 21 year-old college student notices that she frequently develops “cold sores” during stressful final exam week.

Until 2011, the main therapy against the infection was Pegylated-interferon (Peg-IFN) and the ribavirin (RBV) treatment (11). Interferon is a type of protein that stimulates the immune system and helps halt the virus from spreading throughout the body. Pegylated-interferon is a combination of three types of interferon, including polyethylene (PEG), which helps the treatment remain in the body for a longer time period. Ribavirin is a medication that helps stop the HCV virus from replicating. It is commonly used in combination with interferon, which is referred to as the “Peg/riba therapy.” This combination therapy is more effective than the interferon itself. However, these medications do not have a one hundred percent cure rate and it was reported

HSV is a human nuclear DNA virus that can replicate in many different species of animal as well as in many different types of cells. It can gain access to different types of cells due to its 12 envelope surface glycoproteins and uses the heparan moiety of the receptors to attach to cells

Nephrotic Syndrome, is when there is an increased in glomerular basement membrane permeability. This causes an excess loss of protein in the urine known as proteinuria. Congenital, idiopathic and secondary are forms of Nephrotic syndrome. Congenital nephrotic syndrome is rare, can be inherited and usually occur in Finnish families. Nephrotic syndrome is consider secondary if it occurs secondary to diseases like diabetes, systemic lupus erythematosus, or Henoch-Schonlein purpura. Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, also known as minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) occurs mostly in kids with 70% occurring in kid 5 years old and younger. This paper will be focusing on MCNS (Kyle & Carman, 2013).

Some viruses also have an outer bag of lipo-protein called an envelope. After a virus attaches to a living cell, it either enters the cell to release the genetic information, or, the virus injects the information through the cells outer lining. Thus changing the cells natural functions and forcing the cell to spend its energy to create copies of the virus. The cell will go on making copies of the virus until the cell is used up and dies. The virus then leaves the dead cell and invades a nearby cell and the process starts all over. There are five types of human herpes virus: Varicella zoster which causes chickenpox, Epstein Barr virus which causes infectious mononucleosis, cytomegalovirus which can cause cytomegalic inclusion disease in infants, and herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2.

Because the RAAS has such a profound effect on the increase of blood volume during HF, it is an excellent target for many therapeutic agents. Current pharmacological treatments for HF that target the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system include ACE inhibitors and Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs).

I. Description: Congestive Heart Failure is more of a syndrome than a disease. Heart failure may be classified according to the side of the heart affected, (left- or right-sided failure), or by the cardiac cycle involved, (systolic or diastolic dysfunction). (Schilling-McCann p. 176). The word "failure" refers to the heart's inability to pump enough blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. (Schilling-McCann p. 176). When the heart fails to deliver adequate blood supply edema may develop. (Cadwallader p. 1141). Where edema occurs depends on what side of the heart is failing.

Hanta virus is a dangerous and often deadly disease that must be guarded against. If proper precautions are not taken, hanta virus could lead to a nationwide outbreak causing many deaths. While there are a few cases of hanta virus reported each year, the consequences of coming down with the disease dictates that the U.S. set up certain safeguards to educate the population on how to protect themselves. Even though research is being done on hanta virus and its related illnesses, there persist many unanswered questions.