HIV/HCV Education Case Study

Hepatitis C (HCV) is a disease of the blood, caused by a history of intravenous (IV) drug abuse, blood transfusions received that were infected with HCV prior to 1992 when screening started, healthcare workers suffering from a needle stick, and recipients of donor organs that tested positive for HCV (Lewis, Heitkemper, Dirksen, & Bucher, 2014). A challenge that I have encountered in the office with getting treatment started for a patient is that not everyone in the clinic understands the clinical documentation and tests needed to receive therapy approval. The result of decreased knowledge of HCV treatment is the patient having to return to the clinic two or three times to obtain all required clinical data, which is prolonging the start of treatment. The purpose of this paper is to improve patient satisfaction with their treatment of HCV. I began with my pre-assessment of the novice to expert nurses, by asking them 30 questions. In the assessment, it tested the current knowledge that each individual had on HCV. After obtaining the needed data to come up with a program for the clinic, I was amazed at the different answers. I will be discussing the educational needs for improvement of HCV screenings, listing the questions used in the interview, listing the staff and their titles, listing educational needs I found during my assessment, and discussing what my case study topic will entail.

For years, nursing was a task-oriented career. A nurse’s primary responsibility was to provide for the physical needs of patients experiencing illness. Nursing has evolved into a profession, which holistically treats and educates patients in a variety of health situations including acute illness, chronic disease, and preventative care. The competent practice of patient education has become a critical element in nursing. This paper will show the process of formulating a detailed patient specific teaching plan for a patient newly diagnosed with Hepatitis C.

The prevalence of HIV in the African American community is unmatched by any other population. African Americans accounted for 49% of all HIV related deaths in 2010 (CDC, 2014). In my specialty area of family practice, I have encountered only one non-minority patient with HIV; all others have been African-American. This population needs to be of high consideration for disease education. African Americans are typically unaware of resources available to prevent the transmission of this disease, as well as testing available to them in their communities. African American children, especially, are at greater risk for HIV due to lack of knowledge and earlier age of engaging in sexual intercourse. They are typically unaware that their behavior can yield such a negative outcome (CDC, 2012). Many urban schools lack proper funding to accommodate a sexual education curriculum. It is of increased importance to raise awareness, educate and provide a plan of care for the African American teenage and adult population, as the incidence of this disease rises daily.

I was filled with a very special energy, different. Before my eyes I saw images

A study on HIV infections found that accessible sexually transmitted disease (STD) screening, community-directed interventions, sex education and services were the most beneficial (Kessler, Myers, Nucifora, Mensah, Kowalski, Sweeney, Braithwaite, 2013). However these services are not used prominently due to inconvenience, cultural reasons, and distrust towards the programs (Ma, Raymond, Wilson, McFarland, Lu, Ding, Xiao, 2012). These services need to become more community friendly, accessible and safe in order to engage the public (Ma et al., 2012). Governments cannot enforce the usage of these services but early HIV education in schools can be mandated to help eliminate stigmas and encourage usage of these services (Felten, Kok, & Kocken, 2016). Prevention measures work because they target HIV’s modifiable risk factors through education, circumcision, condoms, and a variety of other approaches (Kessler et al., 2013). Adequate prevention measures are needed to prevent negligence and

HCV entry is the first step of interactions between virus and the target cell that is required for initiation of infection. Several host cell surface molecules including glycosaminoglycans, CD81, scavenger receptor class B type I (SRBI), members of the claudin family (CLDN1, 6 and 9) and mannose-binding lectins DC-SIGN and L-SIGN have been identified as putative HCV receptors orcoreceptorsas shown in Figure 2(Barth et al., 2006).

The amount of skin shown in our culture today has increased dramatically, in our outfits and in our advertisements. We use the human body, both male and female, to sell products ranging from perfume to hamburgers. It has become more acceptable in our culture to see more rather than leave some of the body to the imagination. This is specifically seen in the magazine advertisement for Gucci’s fragrance for men, Guilty. This advertisement targets the male audience, specifically the heterosexual male audience. I will use clearness and sufficiency to argue that the sexual nature of Gucci’s Guilty advertisement effectively targets the male audience because of our culture’s masculinity complex.

procedure was the only exposure for 60% of new HCV infections reported between 1999 and 2004 29.

The African Civilization posses several concepts that are misinterpreted by other people. The book, “Things Fall Apart” by China Achebe defines the African civilization, the culture, and the impact of their colony. At the start of the book, the character Okonkwo is introduced. He is a strong man who possesses wealth in the Umuofia clan. Okonkwo is afraid of weakness because it resembles women and creates a memory of his father.

Fortunately, I entered the project at the early stage, which included a gathering of the data and needs’ assessment. The main process objective was to obtain a meaningful statistics regarding the racialized youth in Toronto. During a successful collaboration with my preceptor, managers, Health Promotion Specialists, and other Public Health Nurses, it was decided that the methods would include the statistical analysis from different available sources. My resources for implementing the objectives were support and appropriate materials from my preceptor and manager, City of Toronto’s website, databases, research, reports, and organizations serving this vulnerable group. I started my tasks by carefully analyzing the City of Toronto’s database of the Neighbourhood Improvement Areas (31), where the percentage of the visible minority population supposed to exceed the median 49% for the City of Toronto. While performing the analysis, I realized that some of the areas did not belong to the NIAs even when the percentage of the minority population was higher than 49%; however, certain wards were included into the NIAs notwithstanding the fact that the percentage of the minority population was lower than the median. This observation made me seek a clarification from the preceptor.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a virus that is spread through sexual contact. This virus causes warts. HPV is the most common sexually transmitted disease worldwide. Persistent infection with high-risk HPV-types is associated with cancers, which include cervical, anal, and head/neck cancers (Chen, 2015). There is no cure for HPV infection.

Everyday people put themselves at risk of catching a virus, but when an individual is an abuser of substances the odds of catching an infection become much higher. There are instances one may experience and brush off as not serious for example, one may assume that catching a cold poses no substantial threat to any individual as it usually passes in a week. However, if the individual is immunocompromised due to being HIV positive, even the common cold suddenly becomes deadly. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), “more than 1.2 million people in the United States are living with the HIV infection” (“HIV in the US,” 2015). In addition to the HIV virus, people who abuse substances are also at risk of contracting Hepatitis C (HCV). The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services reports that there are about 3.2 million people living with a chronic infection of Hepatitis C (“Office of Population affairs,” 2012).

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is an incurable illness that can lead to Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) - a life-threatening condition (CDC.gov). According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, an estimated 1, 218, 4000 people aged 13 and older are living with HIV in the United States.

The Let’s Be HIV Free: HIV Prevention campaign will implement a new policy among college campuses regarding the high human-immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence rates in the El Paso County area. The many college campuses in El Paso, Texas are comprised of more than 60,000 students, and provides a unique opportunity to prevent the transmission of this deadly disease. Under this new policy, students will undergo testing for HIV before being admitted into the campus, retest annually and partake in comprehensive HIV education training. Implementation of this policy is of great importance because students on college campuses are at a higher risk of contracting and spreading HIV.

Members of key affected populations are those who are more vulnerable to HIV infection due to high-risk behaviors or because they are marginalized by society and fearful of seeking HIV services. The implementation of prevention strategies targeting these groups with applicable information and resources is an effective response, but these certain communities are often disenfranchised, so programs remain limited.